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Cuprokalininite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Formula:

CuCr₂S₄

Colour:

Black

Lustre:

Sub-Metallic

Hardness:

4½ - 5

Specific Gravity:

4.16 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Carrollite Subgroup > Thiospinel Group > Spinel Supergroup

Name:

Copper analog of kalininite

Type Locality:

ⓘ Pereval marble quarry, Slyudyanka, Lake Baikal area, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia

Spinel-type structure (sulphospinel, thiospinel) -> see Thiospinel Group.

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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

40142

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:40142:7

GUID
(UUID V4):

1e51d90c-2dd0-4cbf-95f0-f26ed2acbe81

IMA Classification of CuprokalininiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

Cu(Cr³⁺Cr⁴⁺)S₄

Approval year:

2010

First published:

2010

Type description reference:

Reznitsky, L.Z., Sklyarov, E.V., Ushchapovskaya, Z.F., Suvorova, L.F., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Dzerzanovsky, P., Barash, I.G. (2010) Cuprokalininite CuCr2S4 - the new sulfospinel from metamorphic rocks of Sludyanka Complex (South Baikal Region). [Zapiski Rossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva], 139 (6) 39-49

Classification of CuprokalininiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

2.DA.05

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
A : M:S = 3:4

Dana 8th ed.:

2.10.1.20

2 : SULFIDES
10 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 3:4

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Ckal	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of CuprokalininiteHide

Lustre:

Sub-Metallic

Comment:

Close to metallic

Colour:

Black

Comment:

with a weak dark bronze tint

Streak:

Black

Hardness:

4½ - 5 on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₂₀=356 - 458 kg/mm² - Vickers

Comment:

Mohs hardness was estimated from VHN.

Tenacity:

Very brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven

Density:

4.16 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of CuprokalininiteHide

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R
400nm	34.30%
420nm	34.10%
440nm	33.90%
460nm	33.70%
480nm	33.50%
500nm	33.20%
520nm	33.00%
540nm	32.80%
560nm	32.50%
580nm	32.20%
600nm	31.90%
620nm	31.60%
640nm	31.20%
660nm	30.90%
680nm	30.60%
700nm	30.40%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 34.30%.

Colour in reflected light:

Pale cream

Internal Reflections:

None observed

Chemistry of CuprokalininiteHide

Mindat Formula:

CuCr₂S₄

Elements listed:

Cr, Cu, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

V,Fe,Zn

Crystallography of CuprokalininiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral

Space Group:

Fd3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 9.814(2) Å

Unit Cell V:

945.2 Å³

Morphology:

Dominant forms are {111} and {100} with distinct growth steps.

Twinning:

Polysynthetic twins on {111} are typical. Occasionally, simple twinning by the spinel law is identified.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0012907	Cuprokalininite	Raccah P M, Bouchard R J, Wold A (1966) Crystallographic study of chromium spinels Journal of Applied Physics 37 1436-1437	1966	synthetic	293
0013422	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013423	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013424	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013425	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013444	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013445	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013446	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013447	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013448	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013449	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0013450	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Karl R, Rackwitz R (1981) Mossbauer studies of thiospinels. V. The systems Cu1-xFexMe2S4 (Me=Cr,Rh) and Cu1-xFexCr2(S.7Se.3)4 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 40 255-265	1981	synthetic	293
0018335	Cuprokalininite	Riedel E, Horvath E (1973) Spinelle mit substituierten Nichtmetallteilgittern. IV. Roentgenographische Untersuchung der Systeme CuCr2(S11-xSex)4 und CuCr3(Se1-xTex)4 Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie 399 219-224	1973		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Cuprokalininite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Raccah P M'
'Bouchard R J'
'Wold A'
_journal_name_full 'Journal of Applied Physics'
_journal_volume 37 
_journal_year 1966
_journal_page_first 1436
_journal_page_last 1437
_publ_section_title
;
 Crystallographic study of chromium spinels
;
_database_code_amcsd 0012907
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Cu Cr2 S4'
_cell_length_a 9.814
_cell_length_b 9.814
_cell_length_c 9.814
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 945.232
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      4.157
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'F d -3 m'
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loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Cu   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000
Cr   0.62500   0.62500   0.62500
S   0.38410   0.38410   0.38410

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.44 Å	(6)
2.94 Å	(10)
2.44 Å	(6)
1.884 Å	(9)
1.731 Å	(10)
1.133 Å	(6)
1.098 Å	(6)
1.030 Å	(6)
1.002 Å	(10)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics	<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)

Type Occurrence of CuprokalininiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Pereval marble quarry, Slyudyanka, Lake Baikal area, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia

General Appearance of Type Material:

Euhedral octahedral or cubo-octahedral microcrystals up to 0.2 mm in size.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, catalog no. 3886/1-3

Geological Setting of Type Material:

In a Cr-V-bearing quartz-diopside metamorphic rock.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Uvarovite	Tremolite	Titanite	Quartz	Pyrite
Mica Group	Kosmochlor	Karelianite	Goldmanite	Eskolaite
Dravite	Diopside	Chromdravite	Calcite	Plagioclase

Reference:

Reznitsky, L.Z., Sklyarov, E.V., Ushchapovskaya, Z.F., Suvorova, L.F., Polekhovsky, Yu.S., Dzerzanovsky, P., Barash, I.G. (2010) Cuprokalininite CuCr2S4 - the new sulfospinel from metamorphic rocks of Sludyanka Complex (South Baikal Region). Zapiski Rossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 139(6): 39-49

Download:

https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/ZRMO139_6_2010_39.pdf

Synonyms of CuprokalininiteHide

IMA2010-008

Relationship of Cuprokalininite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Carrollite Subgroup > Thiospinel Group > Spinel Supergroup

Other Members of this group:

Carrollite	CuCo₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Cuproiridsite	(Cu,Fe)Ir₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Ezochiite	Cu⁺(Rh³⁺Pt⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Fletcherite	CuNi₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Florensovite	(Cu,Zn)Cr_1.5Sb_0.5S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
Malanite	Cu¹⁺(Ir³⁺Pt⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
Rhodostannite	Cu¹⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
Toyohaite	Ag¹⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
Unnamed (Fe3+-analogue of Fletcherite)	Cu(Fe³⁺,Ni,Co)₂S₄

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.DA.	Zaykovite	Rh₃Se₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.DA.	Grimmite	NiCo₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.	Zolenskyite	FeCr₂S₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.DA.	Ezochiite	Cu⁺(Rh³⁺Pt⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.	Ferrodimolybdenite	FeMo₂S₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.DA.05	Bornhardtite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂Se₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Carrollite	CuCo₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Cuproiridsite	(Cu,Fe)Ir₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Cuprorhodsite	(Cu¹⁺_0.5Fe³⁺_0.5)Rh³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Fletcherite	CuNi₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Florensovite	(Cu,Zn)Cr_1.5Sb_0.5S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.DA.05	Greigite	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Indite	FeIn₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Kalininite	ZnCr₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Linnaeite	Co²⁺Co³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Malanite	Cu¹⁺(Ir³⁺Pt⁴⁺)S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.DA.05	Polydymite	Ni²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Siegenite	CoNi₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Trüstedtite	Ni₃Se₄	Iso.
2.DA.05	Tyrrellite	Cu(Co³⁺,Ni³⁺)₂Se₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Xingzhongite	Pb²⁺Ir³⁺₂S₄	Iso.
2.DA.05	Cadmoindite	CdIn₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Joegoldsteinite	MnCr₂S₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05	Nickeltyrrellite	CuNi₂Se₄	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.10	Rhodostannite	Cu¹⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
2.DA.10	Toyohaite	Ag¹⁺(Fe²⁺_0.5Sn⁴⁺_1.5)S₄	Tet. 4/m : I4₁/a
2.DA.15	Brezinaite	Cr₃S₄	Mon. 2/m
2.DA.15	Heideite	(Fe,Cr)_1.15(Ti,Fe)₂S₄	Mon. 2/m
2.DA.20	Inaglyite	Cu₃Pb(Ir,Pt)₈S₁₆	Hex.
2.DA.20	Konderite	Cu₃Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)₈S₁₆	Hex. 6/m : P6/m
2.DA.25	Kingstonite	(Rh,Ir,Pt)₃S₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Other InformationHide

Notes:

Insoluble in HCl.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for CuprokalininiteHide

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References for CuprokalininiteHide

Reference List:

Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2010) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2010. CNMNC Newsletter No 3. Mineralogical Magazine, 74 (3) 577-579 doi:10.1180/s0026461x00054979

Reznitsky, L. Z., Sklyarov, E. V., Ushchapovskaya, Z. F., Suvorova, L. F., Polekhovsky, Yu. S., Dzerzanovsky, P., Barash, I. G. (2011) Cuprokalininite, CuCr2S4, a new sulfospinel from metamorphic rocks of the Sludyanka Complex, South Baikal region. Geology of Ore Deposits, 53 (8) 758-766 doi:10.1134/s1075701511080137

(2023) Cuprokalininite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for CuprokalininiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Russia (TL)

Irkutsk Oblast

Lake Baikal area

Slyudyanka

ⓘ Pereval marble quarry (TL)

Williams et al. (2010) +1 other reference

Cuprokalininite

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of CuprokalininiteHide

Classification of CuprokalininiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of CuprokalininiteHide

Optical Data of CuprokalininiteHide

Chemistry of CuprokalininiteHide

Crystallography of CuprokalininiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Type Occurrence of CuprokalininiteHide

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Relationship of Cuprokalininite to other SpeciesHide

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