Tschermigite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Tschermigite

Pécs-Vasas, Pécs District, Baranya County, Hungary

Tschermigite

Carola Mine, Döhlen, Freital, Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Saxony, Germany

Tschermigite

Cermniky, Březno, Chomutov District, Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic

Tschermigite

Pécs-Vasas, Pécs District, Baranya County, Hungary

Tschermigite

Carola Mine, Döhlen, Freital, Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Saxony, Germany

Tschermigite

Cermniky, Březno, Chomutov District, Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic

Tschermigite

Pécs-Vasas, Pécs District, Baranya County, Hungary

Tschermigite

Carola Mine, Döhlen, Freital, Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge, Saxony, Germany

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About TschermigiteHide

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Formula:

(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O

Colour:

Colourless, white; colourless in transmitted light

Lustre:

Vitreous, Silky

Hardness:

1½ - 2

Specific Gravity:

1.645

Crystal System:

Isometric

Member of:

Alum Group

Name:

Named after its discovery locality, Tschermig (now Cermniky), near Kadan, Czech Republic.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Cermniky, Březno, Chomutov District, Ústí nad Labem Region, Czech Republic

Note: Specimens frequently offered for sale of 'tschermigite' as large, good quality purple crystals on matrix are artificially created specimens made by growing crystals of this ammonium alum in a laboratory.

Godovikovite is a dehydration product of tschermigite sometimes occuring on burning coal dumps.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Mindat ID:

4036

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:4036:1

GUID
(UUID V4):

9d64c18f-6a7d-4f1e-a831-9d3406238942

Classification of TschermigiteHide

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Physical Properties of TschermigiteHide

Optical Data of TschermigiteHide

Chemical Properties of TschermigiteHide

Crystallography of TschermigiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0019048	Tschermigite	Larson A C, Cromer D T (1967) Refinement of the alum structures. III. X-ray study of the a alums, K, Rb and NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O Acta Crystallographica 22 793-800		1967	Synthetic	0	293
0010843	Tschermigite	Abdeen A M, Will G, Schaefer W, Kirfel A, Bargouth M O, Recker K, Weiss A (1981) X-ray and neutron diffraction study of alums II. The crystal structure of methylammonium aluminium alum III. The crystal structure of ammonium aluminium alum Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 157 147-166		1981	synthetic	0	293
0010844	Tschermigite	Abdeen A M, Will G, Schafer W, Kirfel A, Bargouth M O, Recker K, Weiss A (1981) X-ray and neutron diffraction study of alums: II. The crystal structure of methylammonium aluminium alum III. The crystal structure of ammonium aluminium alum Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 157 147-166		1981		0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to closedata_global _chemical_name_mineral 'Tschermigite' loop_ _publ_author_name 'Larson A C' 'Cromer D T' _journal_name_full 'Acta Crystallographica' _journal_volume 22 _journal_year 1967 _journal_page_first 793 _journal_page_last 800 _publ_section_title ; Refinement of the alum structures. III. X-ray study of the a alums, K, Rb and NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O ; _database_code_amcsd 0019048 _chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic' _chemical_formula_sum 'N Al S2 O20 H24' _cell_length_a 12.240 _cell_length_b 12.240 _cell_length_c 12.240 _cell_angle_alpha 90 _cell_angle_beta 90 _cell_angle_gamma 90 _cell_volume 1833.767 _exptl_crystal_density_diffrn 1.627 _symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P a 3' loop_ _space_group_symop_operation_xyz 'x,y,z' '1/2+z,x,1/2-y' 'z,1/2-x,1/2+y' '1/2-z,1/2+x,y' '-z,-x,-y' '1/2+y,1/2-z,-x' '1/2-y,-z,1/2+x' '-y,1/2+z,1/2-x' 'y,z,x' 'x,1/2-y,1/2+z' '1/2-x,1/2+y,z' '1/2+x,y,1/2-z' '-x,-y,-z' '1/2-z,-x,1/2+y' '-z,1/2+x,1/2-y' '1/2+z,1/2-x,-y' 'z,x,y' '1/2-y,1/2+z,x' '1/2+y,z,1/2-x' 'y,1/2-z,1/2+x' '-y,-z,-x' '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z' '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z' '1/2-x,-y,1/2+z' loop_ _atom_site_label _atom_site_fract_x _atom_site_fract_y _atom_site_fract_z N 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 Al 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 S 0.30900 0.30900 0.30900 O(1) 0.24080 0.24080 0.24080 O(2) 0.31420 0.26070 0.41730 Wat(l) 0.04560 0.13830 0.29770 Wat(2) 0.01840 -0.01690 0.15460 loop_ _atom_site_aniso_label _atom_site_aniso_U_11 _atom_site_aniso_U_22 _atom_site_aniso_U_33 _atom_site_aniso_U_12 _atom_site_aniso_U_13 _atom_site_aniso_U_23 N 0.04478 0.04478 0.04478 0.01518 0.01518 0.01518 Al 0.01973 0.01973 0.01973 0.00455 0.00455 0.00455 S 0.02049 0.02049 0.02049 0.00835 0.00835 0.00835 O(1) 0.11764 0.11764 0.11764 -0.03112 -0.03112 -0.03112 O(2) 0.06300 0.12903 0.02808 0.09260 0.02808 0.11612 Wat(l) 0.04099 0.01822 0.02277 0.00531 0.00683 -0.00455 Wat(2) 0.01518 0.04326 0.00379 -0.00759 -0.00228 0.00607

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα

Data Set: Alunite mine, Esmeralda County, Nevada, USA 370 near Wamsutter, Wyoming, USA 1369

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.327 Å	(100)
4.079 Å	(80)
3.273 Å	(75)
7.07 Å	(55)
5.48 Å	(55)
4.998 Å	(35)
3.691 Å	(35)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of TschermigiteHide

Synonyms of TschermigiteHide

Other Language Names for TschermigiteHide

Relationship of Tschermigite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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Internet Links for TschermigiteHide

References for TschermigiteHide

Reference List:

Year ⬇Author Title Publisher

Beudant, Trailé élémentaire de Minéralogie, second edition, (1832): Vol. 2: 497 (as Ammonalun).

von Kobell (1853): 44 (as Tschermigit).

von Kobel F (1858) Es sind in Salzsäure, einige auch in Wasser, ohne merklichen Rückstand auflöslich. Die Aufl. bildet keine Gallerte. in Tafeln zur Bestimmung der Mineralien mittelst einfacher chemischer Versuche auf trockenem und nassem Wege., Joseph Lindauer'sche Buchhandlung (München) 47-47

von Kobel F (1858) Es sind in Salzsäure, einige auch in Wasser, ohne merklichen Rückstand auflöslich. Die Aufl. bildet keine Gallerte. in Tafeln zur Bestimmung der Mineralien mittelst einfacher chemischer Versuche auf trockenem und nassem Wege., Joseph Lindauer'sche Buchhandlung (München) 47-47

Pfaff (1884) Sitzber. bayer. Ak. Wiss.: 255.

Krickmeyer (1896) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: 21: 79.

Erickson (1922) Washington Academy of Science Journal: 12: 49.

Liffa and Emszt (1923) Földtani Közlöny, Budapest (Magyarhone Földtani Torsulat): 51-52, 45, 105.

Shannon (1929) Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum: 74: art. 13.

Hintze, Carl (1930): 1[3B]: 4498.

Wendekamm (1933) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 85: 169.

Lipson and Beevers (1935) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: 148A: 664.

Rost (1937) Ac. Sc. Bohême Bull.

Klug and Alexander (1940) Journal of the American Chemical Society: 62: 1492.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.475-476

Larson, A.C., Cromer, D.T. (1967) Refinement of the alum structures. III. X-ray study of the α alums, K, Rb and NH4Al(SO4)2.12H2O. Acta Crystallographica 22, 793-800.

Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (1977): 235: 930.

Abdeen A M, Will G, Schafer W, Kirfel A, Bargouth M O, Recker K, Weiss A (1981) X-ray and neutron diffraction study of alums: II. The crystal structure of methylammonium aluminium alum III. The crystal structure of ammonium aluminium alum. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 157, 147-166.

Sergeeva, A.V., Zhitova, E.S., Bocharov, V.N. (2019): Infrared and Raman spectroscopy of tschermigite, (NH4)Al(SO4)2·12H2O. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 105, 102983.

Localities for TschermigiteHide

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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Austria
Styria Deutschlandsberg District Bad Schwanberg Glashütten ⓘ Forestry road cut	Postl, W., Bojar, H.-P., Weißensteiner, G. (2020): 2183) Gips und Tschermigit von einem Forstwegaufschluss nahe der Weinebene, westlich von Glashütten, Koralpe, Steiermark. Pp. 204-205 in Walter, F. et al. (2020): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIX. Carinthia II, 210./130., 153-218.
Leoben District Leoben ⓘ Seegraben mine	Meixner, H. (1954): Neue Mineralfunde in den österreichischen Ostalpen XIII.- Carinthia II, 144./64., 18-29.
Belgium
Wallonia Namur Houyet ⓘ Chaleux cave	Leduc, T., Goemaere, É., Jadin, I., & Cattelain, P. (2012). L’altération des briquets en «marcassite» du «Trou de Chaleux»(Fouilles d'Édouard Dupont): identification des phases minérales primaires et secondaires. ArcheoSciences. Revue d'archéométrie, (36), 85-93.
Brazil
Minas Gerais Poços de Caldas alkaline complex Caldas Campo do Cercado ⓘ Osamu Utsumi mine	Waber et al. (1992) Jour. Geochemical Explor. 45, 53-112 WABER, N., SCHORSCHER, H.D., & PETERS, T. (1992) Hydrothermal and supergene uranium mineralization at the Osamu Utsumi mine, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 45, 53-112.
Poços de Caldas ⓘ Osamu Utsumi Mine	Neves, P.C.P. das, Atencio, D. (2015) Enciclopédia dos Minerais do Brasil. Volume 3: Óxides e Hidróxidos. Campus ULBRA Canoas, 527 pages (in Portuguese).pp.422-423
Bulgaria
Blagoevgrad Province Simitli Municipality Brezhani ⓘ Pirin mine	Elena Shcherbakova, Larisa Nesheva (2010) Ammonium sulfates from coal mine Pirin REVIEW OF THE BULGARIAN GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, vol. 71, part 1–3, , p. 17–23
China
Inner Mongolia Wuhai (Wuhai Prefecture) Wuda District Wuda Coal mining area ⓘ Huangbaici coal field	Stracher, G.B., Prakash, A., Schroeder, P., McCormack, J., Zhang, X., Van Dijk, P., Blake, D. (2005) New mineral occurrences and mineralization processes: Wuda coal-fire gas vents of Inner Mongolia. American Mineralogist: 90: 1729-1739.
Czech Republic
Central Bohemian Region ⓘ Kladno District	Zacek, V., Oplustil, S., Mayova, A. & Meyer, F. R. (1995): Die Mineralien von Kladno in Mittelböhmen, Tschechische Republik. Mineralien-Welt 6 (1), 13-30 (in German).
Libušin ⓘ Kladno mine	Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Košek, F., Culka, A., Žáček, V., Laufek, F., Škoda, R., & Jehlička, J. (2018). Native alunogen: A Raman spectroscopic study of a well-described specimen. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1157, 191-200. Zacek, V., Skoda, R., Laufek, F., Kosek, F., & Jehlicka, J. (2019). Complementing knowledge about rare sulphates lonecreekite, NH4Fe3+ (SO4) 2· 12 H2O and sabieite, NH4Fe3+ (SO4) 2: chemical composition, XRD and RAMAN spectroscopy (Libusin near Kladno, the Czech Republic). Journal of Geosciences, 64(2), 149-159.
Mladá Boleslav District Branžež ⓘ Zakopaná	Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
ⓘ Kněžmost	Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
Hradec Králové Region Jičín District ⓘ Prachovské skály	Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
Trutnov District Lampertice ⓘ Jan Šverma Mine	Harapát, L.: Minerály hořících hald dolu Jan Šverma u Žacléře. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1986, roč. 31, č. 1, s. 99-100.
Radvanice ⓘ Kateřina Coal Mine	Jirásek, J. (2001) Thermal Changes of the Rocks in the Dump Pile of the Kateřina Colliery in Radvanice (Eastern Bohemia). Ostrava: VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Institute of Geological Engineering - 541, 69 p.
Liberec Region Česká Lípa District Dubá ⓘ Bukovec	Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
Jablonec nad Nisou District ⓘ Malá Skála	Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
ⓘ North Bohemian Uranium District	Scharm, B.: Př ehled minerálů nalezených v oblasti uranových koncentrací v severoč eské kř ídě . Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddě lení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč . 3, s. 169-172.
Moravian-Silesian Region Ostrava-City District Ostrava ⓘ Heřmanice	Dalibor Matýsek, Jakub Jirásek, Mineralogy of the coal waste dumps from the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin: Emphasized role of halides for element mobility,International Journal of Coal Geology,Volume 264,2022,104138,ISSN 0166-5162
Plzeň Region Klatovy District Sušice ⓘ Hamr quarry	Hofmanovi P. a R.: Příspěvek k mineralogii lokality Hamr u Sušice. Minerál, 2009, 17, 1, 3-7.
South Moravian Region Brno-Country District Oslavany ⓘ Rosice-Oslavany coalfield	Hršelová, P., Cempírek, J., Houzar, S., Sejkora, J. (2013): S,F,Cl-rich mineral assemblages from burned spoil heaps in the Rosice-Oslavany coalfield, Czech Republic. Can. Mineral.: 51(1): 171-188
Zastávka ⓘ Zastávka coal dumps	http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/tschermigite.pdf
Hodonín District ⓘ Žeravice	Sekanina, J. (1948) Koktait, nový nerost ze skupiny syngenitové. Acta Academiae Scientiarum Naturalium Moravo-Silesiacae: 20: 1-26. Fleischer, M. (1949) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 34(7-8): 618-620.
Ústí nad Labem Region Chomutov District Březno ⓘ Cermniky (TL)	Duda, Rejl, Slivka: "Mineralien", 1991 Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Děčín District ⓘ Pravčice rock arch	Varilová, Z., Prikryl, R., & Cílek, V. (2011). Erratum to: Pravcice Rock Arch (Bohemian Switzerland National Park, Czech Republic) deterioration due to natural and anthropogenic weathering. Environmental Earth Sciences, 64(4), 1191.
DR Congo
North Kivu Masisi Territory Bahunde ⓘ Nyamuragira volcano (Nyamlagira)	Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Savoie Chambéry Aix-les-Bains ⓘ Serpents cave	Audra, P. and Hobléa, F. (2007): The first cave occurence of jurbanite [Al(OHSO4)·5H2O, associated with alunogen [Al2(SO4)3·17H2O] and tschermigite [NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O]: thermal-sulfidic serpents cave, France. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, 69, 243–249.
Hauts-de-France Pas-de-Calais Lens ⓘ Avion	Naze-Nancy Masalehdani, M., Mees, F., Dubois, M., Coquinot, Y., Potdevin, J.-L., Fialin, M. & Blanc-Valleron, M.-M. (2009): Condensate minerals from a burning coal-waste heap in Avion, Northern France. Can. Mineral. 47, 573-591.
Occitanie Aveyron Villefranche-de-Rouergue ⓘ Decazeville	http://www.geoforum.fr/topic/30109-mineraux-de-l-aveyron-region-midi-pyrenees/?page=4
Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Ortenaukreis Oberwolfach ⓘ Clara Mine	Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Weise (Munich), 336 pp. (in German)
North Rhine-Westphalia Cologne Aachen Alsdorf ⓘ Anna mine	Dr.Thomas Witzke on www.strahlen.org Blaß, G. and Strehler, H. (1993): Mineralbildungen in einer durch Selbstentzündung brennenden Bergehalde des Aachener Steinkohlenreviers. Mineralien-Welt 4 (4), 35-42. (in German) Sindern, S., Warnsloh, J. M., Witzke, T., Havenith, V., Neef, R. & Etoundi, Y. (2005): Mineralogy and geochemistry of vents formed on the burning coal mining waste dump Anna I, Alsdorf, Germany. Eur. J. Mineral. 17, Beih. 1, 130 Witzke, T., de Wit, F., Kolitsch, U. and Blaß, G. (2015): Mineralogy of the Burning Anna I Coal Mine Dump, Alsdorf, Germany. Chapter 7, pp. 203-240, in: Stracher, G. B., Prakash, A. and Sokol, E. V.: Coal and Peat Fires: A Global Perspective, Volume 3: Case Studies - Coal Fires, Elsevier, 786 pp.
Saxony Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge Freital Döhlen ⓘ Carola Mine	Thalheim, K. Reichel, W. & Witzke, T. (1991): Die Minerale des Döhlener Beckens.- Schriften des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden, Nr. 3
Thuringia Greiz District Kauern ⓘ Lichtenberg Absetzer dump	T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
Hungary
Baranya County Komló District Komló ⓘ Shaft No. III	Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
Pécs District ⓘ Pécs-Vasas	Szakáll, S. & Kristály, F. (2008): Ammonium sulphates from burning coal dumps at Komló and Pécs-Vasas, Mecsek Mts., South Hungary. Mineralogia, Special Papers, Vol. 32 (2nd Central-European Mineralogical Conference 2008 (CEMC)), 154.
Komárom-Esztergom County ⓘ Mogyorósbánya	Szakáll & Jánosi: minerals of hungary, 1995
ⓘ Tokodaltáró	Szakáll & Jánosi: minerals of hungary, 1995 Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 476
Italy
Calabria Cosenza Province Cerchiara di Calabria ⓘ Cerchiara di Calabria caves	D’Angeli, M.I., De Waele, J., Carbone, C., Parise, M., Madonia, G., and Vattano, M. (2017) Secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves. In: Moore, K., and White, S. (eds.), Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Speleology, Sidney, NSW, Australia, July 22-28, 2017. Australian Speleological Federation Inc., Sideney, Vol.1, 237-241 D'Angeli, I. M., Carbone, C., Nagostinis, M., Parise, M., Vattano, M., Madonia, G., and De Waele, J. (2018) New insights on secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves. International Journal of Speleology, 47, 3, 271-291.
Campania Naples Pozzuoli ⓘ Pisciarelli di Agnano	Russo, M., Campostrini, I., Demartin, F. (2017): I minerali di origine fumarolica dei Campi Flegrei: Solfatara di Pozzuoli (Napoli) e dintorni. Micro, 15, 122-192.
ⓘ Solfatara di Pozzuoli	Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
ⓘ "Bocca Grande" fumarole	Russo, M., Campostrini, I., Demartin, F. (2017) I minerali di origine fumarolica dei Campi Flegrei: Solfatara di Pozzuoli (Napoli) e dintorni. Micro: 15: 122-192.
Piedmont Cuneo Province Entracque ⓘ Punta Chistafort	Ciriotti, M.E., Cámara, F., Ferrero, S., Bracco, R., Marengo, A., and Bittarello, E. (2020) Matlockite, ramsdellite, tschermigite e un'interessante soluzione solida gadolinite-datolite Y-dominante: prime segnalazioni per la provincia di Cuneo e per il Piemonte. Micro, 18, 1-2002, 30-45. Marco E. Ciriotti, Fernando Cámara, Simone Ferrero, Roberto Bracco, Alessandra Marengo, Erica Bittarello (2020) MATLOCKITE, RAMSDELLITE, TSCHERMIGITE E UN’INTERESSANTE SOLUZIONE SOLIDA GADOLINITE-DATOLITE Y-DOMINANTEprime segnalazioni per la provincia di Cuneo e per il Piemonte. Micro, 18, 30-45.
Sicily Caltanissetta Province Butera ⓘ Acqua Mintina Cave (Grotta dell'Acqua Mintina)	D'Angeli, I. M., Carbone, C., Nagostinis, M., Parise, M., Vattano, M., Madonia, G., and De Waele, J. (2018) New insights on secondary minerals from Italian sulfuric acid caves. International Journal of Speleology, 47, 3, 271-291.
Metropolitan City of Catania Etna Volcanic Complex ⓘ Mount Etna	Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Metropolitan City of Messina Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands) Lipari Vulcano Island ⓘ La Fossa crater	Campostrini, I., Demartin, F., Gramaccioli, C.M., Russo, M. (2011): Vulcano - Tre secoli di mineralogia. AMI-Associazione Micromineralogica Italiana, Cremona, Italy, 344 pp.
Tuscany Livorno Province Rio Rio Marina Rio Mine ⓘ Antenna stope	Rögner, P., Möckel, S., Ciriotti, M.E. (2007): Note di mineralogia elbana: tschermigite al cantiere Antenna, miniera di Rio Marina. Micro (notizie mineralogiche), 2/2007, 89-92.
Pisa Province Pomarance ⓘ Larderello	Coradossi, N. (1973). Nuovi ritrovamenti di composti di ammonio in zone geotermiche. Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, 29, 129.
Siena Province Chiusdino ⓘ Le Cetine di Cotorniano Mine	Brizzi G., Ciselli I, Santucci A. (1986) - Ultime novità da le Cetine di Cotorniano - Riv. Miner. Ital., Milano, fasc. 3, pp.145-155 Menchetti, S., Batoni, M., Batacchi, C., Borselli, G., Brogi, A., Ceccantini, L., Fassina, B., Marchesini, M., Rossellini, A. & Ruggieri, G. (2015): Le Cetine di Cotorniano. Miniera e minerali. Associazione Micro-Mineralogica Italiana, Cremona, 354 p.
Japan
Hokkaidō Prefecture Sorachi Subprefecture Mikasa City ⓘ Ikushunbetsu	Shimobayashi, N., Ohnishi, M., & Miura, H. (2011). Ammonium sulfate minerals from Mikasa, Hokkaido, Japan: boussingaultite, godovikovite, efremovite and tschermigite. Journal of mineralogical and petrological sciences, 106(3), 158-163.
Kenya
Trans-Nzoia County Mount Elgon ⓘ Kitum Cave	Bowell, R. J., Warren, A., & Redmond, I. (1996). Formation of cave salts and utilization by elephants in the Mount Elgon region, Kenya. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 113(1), 63-79.
New Zealand
Bay of Plenty Region Rotorua District ⓘ Te Kopia geothermal area	Martin, R., Rodgers, K.A., Browne, P.R.L. (1999) The nature and significance of sulphate-rich, aluminous efflorescences from the Te Kopia geothermal field, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Mineralogical Magazine, June 1999, Vol. 63(3), 413-419.
Manawatu-Whanganui Region Ruapehu District Tongariro National Park ⓘ Tongariro Alpine Crossing Northern Circuit	Johnstone, R. D. 1979, Fumarole Incrustations and Some Aspects of the Thermal Alteration at Ketetahi, Mount Tongariro, New Zealand. Geothermal Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
Waikato Region Taupo District Orakeikorako Thermal Area (Orakei Korako; The Hidden Valley) ⓘ Ruatapu Cave (Alum Cave)	Rod Martin, Minerals of Ruatapu Cave, Orakei Korako, Taupo Volcanic Zone. Essence of Microscope (NZ)
Peru
Arequipa Caylloma Province Chivay District ⓘ Pinchollo geyser	Ciesielczuk, J., Żaba, J., Bzowska, G., Gaidzik, K., & Głogowska, M. (2013). Sulphate efflorescences at the geyser near Pinchollo, southern Peru. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 42, 186-193.
Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Kłodzko County Nowa Ruda Słupiec Mine ⓘ Słupiec heap	Ciesielczuk, J., Kruszewski, Ł., Fabiańska, M.J., Misz-Kennan, M., Lewińska-Preis, L., Kita, A. (2014): Composition of water located in the coal waste dumps in Lower Silesia, Poland. Mineralogia Special Papers: 42: 46
Silesian Voivodeship Katowice Wełnowiec-Józefowiec ⓘ "Alpy" dump	Fabiańska, M.J., Ciesielczuk, J., Kruszewski, Ł., Misz-Kennan, M., Blake, D.R., Stracher, G., Moszumańska, I., 2013: Gaseous compounds and efflorescences generated in self-heating coal-waste dumps — A case study from the Upper and Lower Silesian Coal Basins (Poland). International Journal of Coal Geology: 116-117: 247-261
Mikołów County Łaziska Górne ⓘ Skalny dump	Lukasz Kruszewski Minerals arising in cause of underground fires of "Skalny" coal mine dump in Laziska, Upper Silesia. Mag. Thesis (unpublished) Parafiniuk, J. and Kruszewski, Ł. (2009): Ammonium minerals from burning coal-dumps of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland). Geol. Quart., 53, 341-356. http://www.pgi.gov.pl/images/stories/G_Q/53_3/parafiniuk.pdf]
Rybnik County Gmina Czerwionka-Leszczyny ⓘ Dębieńsko Mine heap	Parafiniuk, J. and Kruszewski, Ł. (2009): Ammonium minerals from burning coal-dumps of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland). Geol. Quart., 53, 341-356. http://www.pgi.gov.pl/images/stories/G_Q/53_3/parafiniuk.pdf (esp. p. 347)]
Wodzisław County Radlin ⓘ Marcel mine heap	Łukasz Kruszewski (2012) Unique chloride assemblage of exhalative origin from burning coal-mining dump in Radlin (Rybnik Coal Area, S Poland). Mineralogical Society of Poland Special Papers 40
Rydułtowy ROW Ruch Rydułtowy Mine ⓘ Rydułtowy heap (Szarlota heap)	Kruszewski, Ł., Fabiańska, M.J., Ciesielczuk, J., Segit, T., Orłowski, R., Motyliński, R., Kusy, D., Moszumańska, I., 2018. First multi-tool exploration of a gas-condensate-pyrolysate system from the environment of burning coal mine heaps: An in situ FTIR and laboratory GC and PXRD study based on Upper Silesian materials. Science of the Total Environment, 640-641 (1 November 2018), 1044-1071 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.319
Wodzisław Śląski ⓘ Pszów ?	Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data Kruszewski, Ł., Fabiańska, M.J., Ciesielczuk, J., Segit, T., Orłowski, R., Motyliński, R., Kusy, D., Moszumańska, I. (2018): First multi-tool exploration of a gas-condensate-pyrolysate system from the environment of burning coal mine heaps: An in situ FTIR and laboratory GC and PXRD study based on Upper Silesian materials. Science of the Total Environment: 640-641: 1044-1071
Portugal
Aveiro Albergaria-a-Velha Branca ⓘ Palhal Mine	Marques de Sá, J. & Leal Gomes, C. (2010): Les mines de cuivre et nickel de Palhal et Telhadela, Albergaria-a-Velha, Aveiro, Portugal. Le Règne Minéral, 92, 36-47.
Russia
Chelyabinsk Oblast ⓘ Chelyabinsk coal basin	Cesnokov, B., Kotrly, M. and Nisanbajev, T. (1998): Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (3), 54-63 (in German).
Kamchatka Krai Ust-Bolsheretsky District Kambalny volcanic ridge ⓘ Severo-Kambalny geothermal field	Zhitova, E. S., Siidra, O. I., Belakovsky, D. I., Shilovskikh, V. V., Nuzhdaev, A. A., & Ismagilova, R. M. (2018). Ammoniovoltaite,(NH 4) 2 Fe 2+ 5 Fe 3+ 3 Al (SO 4) 12 (H 2 O) 18, a new mineral from the Severo-Kambalny geothermal field, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-40.
Yelizovsky District Kronotsky Reserve ⓘ Uzon Caldera	Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
ⓘ Mutnovskoe	Okrugin, V. M. (2004). Miocene to Quaternary center volcanic, hydrothermal and ore-forming activity in the Southern Kamchatka. In Metallogeny of the Pacific Northwest (Russian Far East)-Tectonics, Magmatism and Metallogeny of Active Continental Margin, Interim IAGOD Conference, Excursion Guidebook, Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 2004 (pp. 147-176).
Mutnovsky volcano ⓘ Dachnoe thermal field	Zhitova, Elena S., Dmitry A. Khanin, Anton A. Nuzhdaev, Maria A. Nazarova, Rezeda M. Ismagilova, Vladimir V. Shilovskikh, Anastasia N. Kupchinenko, Ruslan A. Kuznetsov, and Pavel S. Zhegunov. (2022) Efflorescent Sulphates with M+ and M2+ Cations from Fumarole and Active Geothermal Fields of Mutnovsky Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia). Minerals: 12(5): 600. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12050600
Slovakia
Prešov Region Prešov District Červenica Dubník ⓘ Libanka	Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
South Africa
Mpumalanga Ehlanzeni District Municipality Thaba Chweu Local Municipality Sabie Lone Creek Falls ⓘ Lone Creek Falls cave	Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.
Spain
Aragon Teruel Libros ⓘ Libros sulphur mines	Calvo, M. (2008) Minerales de Aragón. Prames (Zaragoza) 463 pages
Extremadura Cáceres Tajo-Salor Aliseda ⓘ Pastora Mine	Crespo, Á., Pimentel, C., Pedraz, P., & Pina, C. M. (2017). First occurrence of the rare mineral slavikite in Spain. Journal of Iberian Geology, 43(3), 487-495.
Switzerland
Ticino Locarno Brissago ⓘ Ponte Valley	Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 413.
Valais Saint-Maurice Collonges ⓘ Pyrite occurrence	Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 413.
Tajikistan
Sughd Gissar Range ⓘ Jijikrut (Dzhidzhikrut)	Lukasz Kruszewski (PXRD)
Zeravshan Range Yagnob River ⓘ Kukhi-Malik area (Kuhi-malik)	D.I.Belakovskiy data
USA
California Imperial County Salton Sea Mullet Island ⓘ F1 fumarole field	Adams, P., & Lynch, D. (2014). A mineralogical inventory of geothermal features southeast of the Salton Sea, Imperial County, California. Trough to trough: The Colorado River and the Salton Sea (Reynolds, R, 39-43.
ⓘ F2 fumarole field	Adams, P., & Lynch, D. (2014). A mineralogical inventory of geothermal features southeast of the Salton Sea, Imperial County, California. Trough to trough: The Colorado River and the Salton Sea (Reynolds, R, 39-43.
Lake County Sulphur Creek Mining District (Sulfur Creek Mining District; Wilbur Springs Mining District) Clear Lake Oaks ⓘ Sulphur Bank Mine (Sulfur Bank Mine; Sulphur Bank deposits)	Becker, George F. (1888b), Geology of the quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope: USGS Monograph 13, atlas: 389 Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 476 Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 374.
Sonoma County West Mayacmas Mining District ⓘ The Geysers	Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Geyser Canyon (Geyser Creek Canyon) ⓘ Upper Geyser Creek Canyon	Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 265. Allen, Eugene T. & Arthur L. Day (1927), Steam wells and other thermal activity at “The Geysers,” California: Carnegie Institution Washington Publication 378: 45 Vonsen, Magnus (1941) Preliminary report on minerals of The Geysers of Sonoma County, California. Mineralogist: 9: 246 Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 289 Pemberton, H. Earl (1983) Minerals of California. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
Colorado Garfield County Glenwood Springs ⓘ South Canyon No. 1 Mine	GSA Field Guide 10 (2007) pp 101-110
Kentucky Floyd County ⓘ Truman Shepherd coal mine	Hower, J. C., O'Keefe, J. M., Henke, K. R., Wagner, N. J., Copley, G., Blake, D. R., ... & Silva, L. F. (2013). Gaseous emissions and sublimates from the Truman Shepherd coal fire, Floyd County, Kentucky: a re-investigation following attempted mitigation of the fire. International Journal of Coal Geology, 116, 63-74.
New Mexico Quay County ⓘ Tucumcari area	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 476 Northrop, Stuart A., LaBruzza, F.A. (1996) Minerals of New Mexico (3rd ed.) University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, NM.
Ohio Huron County Huron River ⓘ Huron Shale burn site	Richards, R.P., Shewfelt, W.R., Carlson, E.H., Kampf, A.R., Nash, B.P. (2017). Mineralogy of the Huron River Shale Fire, Huron County, Ohio. Rocks & Minerals: 92(3): 244–263.
Pennsylvania Carbon County ⓘ Lansford	Lapham, Davis M. (Oct, 1972), Keystone Newsletter. Montgomery, Arthur (1969), "Pickeringite," in Mineralogy of Pennsylvania, 1922-1965: 28 Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974, Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 73
Columbia County ⓘ Centralia	Matt Livingood, Jason Winicaties, and Jared Stein, located at:http://www.offroaders.com/album/centralia/study/ESL201Paper.htm
Dauphin County ⓘ Williamstown	Montgomery, Arthur (Sep, 1972), "PA Minerals" (PM), PM(117), Keystone Newsletter. Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974, Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 73
Luzerne County ⓘ Glen Lyon	Finkelman, Robert B., et al (1974), "Observations on Mins. from Burning Anthracite Seams & Culm in PA," Geol. Soc. Am. Abstracts w. Programs, Vol. 5(1): 27-28. Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Mins. New to the Pa List 1965-1974, The Mineralogical Soc. of PA, Inc.: 73-74
Schuylkill County ⓘ Saint Clair	Lapham, Davis M. (Oct, 1972), Keystone Newsletter. Montgomery, Arthur (1969), "Pickeringite," in Mineralogy of Pennsylvania, 1922-1965: 28 Reed, Juliet C., Annotated Bibliography of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List - 1965-1974, Min. Soc. of PA, Inc. (1976): 73
Tennessee Sevier County ⓘ Alum Cave Bluff	Coskren, T. D. & Lauf, R. J. (2000): The Minerals of Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee. Mineralogical Record, 31, 163-175.
Utah Kane County ⓘ Kaibab fault	Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 563.
San Juan County Blanding ⓘ White Mesa Uranium Mill	Wendlandt, R.F., Harrison, W.J. (2006): Ammonium Sulfate Evaporites Associated With Uranium Mill Tailings Disposal Cells. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #V31D-0603
Wyoming Sweetwater County ⓘ Wamsutter	Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.