Zimbabweite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Zimbabweite
Formula:
(Na,K)2PbAs4(Ta,Nb,Ti)4O18
Colour:
Yellow, yellow-brown
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
5 - 5½
Specific Gravity:
6.20
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named after its discovery locality, St. Ann's Mine, Karoi District, south of Miami, Zimbabwe.
An arsenite-tantalate.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4403
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4403:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
93784b2c-0351-43db-8132-e0f401eec510
IMA Classification of Zimbabweite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Na(Pb,Na,K)2(Ta,Nb,Ti)4As4O18
Approval year:
1984
First published:
1986
Classification of Zimbabweite
4.JA.40
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
A : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; without additional anions, without H2O
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
A : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; without additional anions, without H2O
8.7.10.1
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
7 : Miscellaneous
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
7 : Miscellaneous
23.11
23 : Arsenites
23 : Arsenites
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Zbb | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Zimbabweite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon & Katya Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Zimbabweite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow, yellow-brown
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 - 5½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010}
{010}
Density:
6.20(3) g/cm3 (Measured) 6.16 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Zimbabweite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.100
2V:
Measured: 80° (4)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 2.100
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v extreme
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = pale yellow-brown, Y = light reddish-brown, Z = reddish-brown
Comments:
Z = a, Y = b, X = c
Chemistry of Zimbabweite
Mindat Formula:
(Na,K)2PbAs4(Ta,Nb,Ti)4O18
Crystallography of Zimbabweite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.245(2) Å, b = 15.287(4) Å, c = 8.664(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.801 : 1 : 0.567
Unit Cell V:
1,621.81 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
{010}, {201}, and less prominent {100} and {111}.
Comment:
Space Group: Ccmb.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0001200 | Zimbabweite | Duesler E N, Chakoumakos B C, Foord E E (1988) Zimbabweite, Na(Pb,Na,K)2As4(Ta,Nb,Ti)4O18, an arsenite-tantalate with a novel corner-linked octahedral sheet American Mineralogist 73 1186-1190 | 1988 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.823 Å | (55) |
3.242 Å | (45) |
3.195 Å | (100) |
3.033 Å | (60) |
2.990 Å | (70) |
2.882 Å | (70) |
2.548 Å | (50) |
1.913 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Near-surface Processes | |
22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) |
Type Occurrence of Zimbabweite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Honey yellow-brown euhedral to subhedral crystals, up to 1 x 1 x 2 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 162513
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Hydrothermally kaolinitized zone of a granitic pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Foord, E.E., Taggart, J.E., Gaines, R.V., Grubb, P.L.C., Kristiansen, R. (1986) Zimbabweite, a new alkali-lead-arsenic tantalate from St Anns mine, Karoi District, Zimbabwe. Bulletin de Minéralogie: 109: 331-336.
Synonyms of Zimbabweite
Other Language Names for Zimbabweite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.JA. | Manganoschafarzikite | MnSb2O4 |
4.JA.05 | Leiteite | Zn(As2O4) |
4.JA.10 | Reinerite | Zn3(AsO3)2 |
4.JA.15 | Karibibite | Fe3+3(As3+O2)4(As3+2O5)(OH) |
4.JA.20 | Kusachiite | CuBi2O4 |
4.JA.20 | Schafarzikite | Fe2+Sb3+2O4 |
4.JA.20 | Trippkeite | Cu2+As3+2O4 |
4.JA.25 | Apuanite | Fe2+Fe3+4Sb3+4O12S |
4.JA.30 | Versiliaite | Fe2Fe4Sb6O16S |
4.JA.35 | Schneiderhöhnite | Fe2+Fe3+3As3+5O13 |
4.JA.45 | Ludlockite | PbFe3+4As3+10O22 |
4.JA.50 | Paulmooreite | Pb2[As2O5] |
4.JA.55 | Stibivanite | Sb2VO5 |
4.JA.60 | Chadwickite | (UO2)[HAsO3] |
Fluorescence of Zimbabweite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Magnetism:
Non-Magnetic
Notes:
Insoluble in common acids and bases
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Zimbabweite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4403.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Zimbabweite
Reference List:
Localities for Zimbabweite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Zimbabwe (TL) | |
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St Anns Mine, Mwami, Karoi District, Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe