Quijarroite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Quijarroite
Flag of Antonio Quijarro Province, Bolivia
Formula:
Cu6HgPb2Bi4Se12
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Metallic
Specific Gravity:
5.771 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
For the Quijarro Province in Bolivia, in which the type locality, El Dragón mine is located.
Chemically similar to petrovicite and 'Unnamed (Cu-Pb-Hg-Bi Selenide)'. It is chemically close to a species termed “Bi-rich petrovicite” from the Schlema-Alberoda U-Se-polymetallic deposit (Erzgebirge, Germany); also somewhat similar to hansblockite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
50350
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:50350:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
8a10630d-2b3a-4d89-ad98-1a6a0c54bcb2
IMA Classification of Quijarroite
Approved
Approval year:
2016
First published:
2016
Classification of Quijarroite
2.LB.50
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
L : Unclassified Sulfosalts
B : With essential Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
L : Unclassified Sulfosalts
B : With essential Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Qui | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Quijarroite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Hardness Data:
Could not be measured
Cleavage:
None Observed
Parting:
None observed
Density:
5.771 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Quijarroite
Anisotropism:
Moderately anisotropic (between crossed polars=) with pale orange-brown to blue rotation tints
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
|---|---|---|
| 470nm | 47.7% | 46.8% |
| 546nm | 47.4% | 48.2% |
| 589nm | 47.1% | 48.5% |
| 650nm | 46.6% | 48.7% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 48.7%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Internal Reflections:
Does not show any internal reflections
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In plane-polarized incident light, from cream to very slightly more brownish-cream
Chemistry of Quijarroite
Mindat Formula:
Cu6HgPb2Bi4Se12
Crystallography of Quijarroite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Pmn21
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.2413(8) Å, b = 9.0206(7) Å, c = 9.6219(8) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.024 : 1 : 1.067
Unit Cell V:
802.10 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Twinning:
Lamellar twinning on {110} common. Rarely parquet twinning
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.36 Å | (55) |
| 3.785 Å | (60) |
| 3.331 Å | (40) |
| 3.291 Å | (90) |
| 3.125 Å | (100) |
| 2.312 Å | (50) |
| 2.078 Å | (35) |
| 1.981 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Quijarroite
General Appearance of Type Material:
As lath-shaped thin plates (up to 150 µm in length and 20 µm in width) intimately (subparallel) intergrown with hansblockite, forming an angular network-like intersertal texture.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type: (1) mineralogical collections of Florence Museum, Italy - catalogue number 3232/I, and (2) the Natural History Museum, London, catalogue number BM2016,26; cotype: the Mineralogical State Collection Munich (Museum “Reich der Kristalle”), MSM 73573.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Thinly-stratified, pyrite-rich black shales and reddish-grey, hematite-bearing siltstones of probably Devonian age, cut by a selenium-rich vein.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Förster, H.-J., Bindi, L., Grundmann, G., Stanley, C.J. (2016) Quijarroite, Cu6HgPb2Bi4Se12, a New Selenide from the El Dragόn Mine, Bolivia. Minerals: 6(4): 123.
Synonyms of Quijarroite
Other Language Names for Quijarroite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 34 photos of Quijarroite associated with Clausthalite | PbSe |
| 27 photos of Quijarroite associated with Klockmannite | CuSe |
| 18 photos of Quijarroite associated with Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| 17 photos of Quijarroite associated with Krut'aite | CuSe2 |
| 16 photos of Quijarroite associated with Petrovicite | Cu3HgPbBiSe5 |
| 14 photos of Quijarroite associated with Hansblockite | (Cu,Hg)(Bi,Pb)Se2 |
| 12 photos of Quijarroite associated with Umangite | Cu3Se2 |
| 12 photos of Quijarroite associated with Eldragónite | Cu6BiSe4(Se2) |
| 9 photos of Quijarroite associated with Watkinsonite | Cu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8 |
| 5 photos of Quijarroite associated with Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.LB. | Ciriottiite | Cu(Cu,Ag)3Pb19(Sb,As)22(As2)S56 |
| 2.LB. | Hayyanite | Cu5Ag11Pb76Sb71As17(As2+)8S224 |
| 2.LB.05 | Miharaite | Cu4FePbBiS6 |
| 2.LB.30 | Ardaite | Pb19Sb13S35Cl7 |
| 2.LB.30 | Launayite | CuPb10(Sb,As)12S20 |
| 2.LB.30 | Madocite | Pb19(Sb,As)16S43 |
| 2.LB.30 | Playfairite | Pb16(Sb,As)19S44Cl |
| 2.LB.30 | Sorbyite | CuPb9(Sb,As)11S26 |
| 2.LB.30 | Sterryite | Cu(Ag,Cu)3Pb19(Sb,As)22(As-As)S56 |
| 2.LB.35 | Larosite | (Cu,Ag)21PbBiS13 |
| 2.LB.40 | Petrovicite | Cu3HgPbBiSe5 |
| 2.LB.40 | Mazzettiite | Ag3HgPbSbTe5 |
| 2.LB.45 | Crerarite | Pt2-x(Bi,Pb)11(S,Se)11 |
| 2.LB.55 | Znamenskyite | Pb4In2Bi4S13 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Quijarroite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-50350.html
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References for Quijarroite
Reference List:
Localities for Quijarroite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Bolivia (TL) | |
|
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El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia