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Cascandite

A valid IMA mineral species
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03806210014975700959345.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
06093350014975700959811.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
05022400014975700952781.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
08841510014961841865714.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
07561980014961841865658.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
07612260014961220415452.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
03806210014975700959345.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
06093350014975700959811.jpg
Cascandite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
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About CascanditeHide

Formula:
CaScSi3O8(OH)
Colour:
Pale pink
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4½ - 5½
Specific Gravity:
3 . 0 3 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For Calcium and Scandium in the chemical composition.
A triclinic pyroxenoid with dreier tetrahedral chains (Mellini & Merlino 1982). It is structural related to sérandite and pectolite.
At the Heftejern pegmatite, Norway it occurs as intimate intergrowns with scandiobabingtonite (Raade & Erambert 1999)


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
914
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:914:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
713abd93-fee6-41e1-a437-13fd934299e0

IMA Classification of CascanditeHide

Classification of CascanditeHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
9.DG.07

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
Dana 8th ed.:
65.2.1.6

65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
2 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.8.14

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
8 : Silicates of Group III metals other than Al

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
CasIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of CascanditeHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of CascanditeHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale pink
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4½ - 5½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
on {100} and {001}
Density:
3 . 0 3 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of CascanditeHide

Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.663 nγ = 1.684
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.021
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
weak

Chemistry of CascanditeHide

Mindat Formula:
CaScSi3O8(OH)
Elements listed:
Ca, H, O, Sc, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Mn,Mg,Na

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:
 12
SiO251.83 %54.94 %
Sc2O314.74 %16.92 %
FeO4.50 %3.90 %
MgO0.20 %0.07 %
TiO20.08 % %
Al2O30.11 % %
MnO2.32 %0.91 %
CaO16.83 %16.88 %
Na2O0.06 % %
H2O calc2.59 %2.72 %
Total:93.26 %96.34 %
Empirical formulas:
Sample IDEmpirical Formula
1Ca(Sc0.074Mg0.02Al0.01Fe2+0.22Mn0.01)(Na0.01Ca0.04Mn0.10◻0.85)Si3O8.02(OH)
2Ca1.00(Sc0.81Fe2+0.18Mn0.04Mg0.01) Σ1.04Si3.03O8(OH)
Sample references:
IDTypeLocalityReferenceNotes
1Type SpecimenGiacomini Quarry, Agrano, Omegna, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
Mellini, M., Merlino, S., Orlandi, P., Rinaldi, R. (1982): Cascandite and jervisite, two new scandium silicates from Baveno, Italy. American Mineralogist, 67: 599-603.
It is assumed that the iron present was Fe2+, H2O correspond to one molecule in the unit cell
2Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Raade, Gunnar, Erambert, Muriel (1999) An intergrowth of scandiobabingtonite and cascandite from the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Norway. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1999 (12) 545-550
Empirical formula from mean analysis, based on 9O and assuming all Fe being divalent

Crystallography of CascanditeHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.791(8) Å, b = 10.420(9) Å, c = 7.076(6) Å
α = 98.91(8)°, β = 102.63(8)°, γ = 84.17(8)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.94 : 1 : 0.679
Unit Cell V:
694.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Platy crystals elongated along [100] and flattened parallel to {001}. Forms observed: {001},{100},{120},and {5-30}
Comment:
After Mellini & Merlino (1982), spacegroup C-1

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000868CascanditeMellini M, Merlino S (1982) The crystal structure of cascandite, CaScSi3O8(OH) American Mineralogist 67 604-60919820293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
7.22 Å(20)
6.75 Å(20)
4.46 Å(20)
3.84 Å(20)
3.62 Å(50)
3.10 Å(50)
2.968 Å(50)
2.821 Å(100)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
Geological Setting:
Granite; Granite pegmatites

Type Occurrence of CascanditeHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Giacomini Quarry (Diverio Quarry; Bottigetto Quarry), Agrano, Omegna, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
General Appearance of Type Material:
Light pink crystals up to 0.20 x 0.08 x 0.02 mm in size
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Muncipal Museum of Natural History, Milan, Italy, Nr.23270
Empirical Formula of Type Material:
Ca(Sc0.074Mg0.02Al0.01Fe2+0.22Mn0.01)(Na0.01Ca0.04Mn0.10◻0.85)Si3O8.02(OH)
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Miarolitic cavities in granite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
QuartzOrthoclaseJervisiteAlbite
Reference:
Mellini, M., Merlino, S., Orlandi, P., Rinaldi, R. (1982): Cascandite and jervisite, two new scandium silicates from Baveno, Italy. American Mineralogist 67: 599-603

Synonyms of CascanditeHide

Other Language Names for CascanditeHide

Relationship of Cascandite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Wollastonite Group
Other Members of this group:
Barrydawsonite-(Y)Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1 : P1
DalnegorskiteCa5Mn(Si3O9)2Tric. 1 : P1
FerrobustamiteCaFe2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1
MendigiteMn2Mn2MnCa(Si3O9)2Tric. 1 : P1
MurakamiiteLiCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
SchizoliteNaCaMnSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
SeranditeNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
TanohataiteLiMn2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
VistepiteSnMn4B2Si4O16(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)Tric. 1 : P1

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
7 photos of Cascandite associated with JervisiteNaSc3+Si2O6
5 photos of Cascandite associated with ScandiobabingtoniteCa2(Fe2+,Mn)ScSi5O14(OH)
2 photos of Cascandite associated with KristianseniteCa4Sc2Sn2(Si2O7)2(Si2O6OH)2
2 photos of Cascandite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
2 photos of Cascandite associated with FluoriteCaF2
1 photo of Cascandite associated with Calcioancylite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO3(OH,H2O)
1 photo of Cascandite associated with Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
1 photo of Cascandite associated with MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.DG.CalcinaksiteKNaCa(Si4O10) · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.Barrydawsonite-(Y)Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.DG.ParatobermoriteCa4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)Mon. 2/m
9.DG.AlvesiteNaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.DG.02SteedeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.02NolzeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05FerrobustamiteCaFe2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1
9.DG.05PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05SeranditeNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05Wollastonite-1ACaSiO3Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05TanohataiteLiMn2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05SchizoliteNaCaMnSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05MurakamiiteLiCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05DalnegorskiteCa5Mn(Si3O9)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.08Plombièrite[Ca4Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 5H2O)Orth.
9.DG.10Clinotobermorite[Ca4Si6O17 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 3H2O)Mon.
9.DG.10RiversideiteCa5(HSi3O9)2 · 2H2OOrth.
9.DG.10TobermoriteCa4Si6O17(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)Mon. 2 : P21
9.DG.12JusiteNa2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O
9.DG.12KenotobermoriteCa4Si6O15(OH)2(H2O)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.DG.15FoshagiteCa4(Si3O9)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20KameneviteK2TiSi3O9 · H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
9.DG.25ParaumbiteK3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2OOrth. mm2
9.DG.25UmbiteK2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
9.DG.30SørenseniteNa4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.32Escheite Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2OOrth. mm2 : Ama2
9.DG.35XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.40HillebranditeCa2(SiO3)(OH)2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.DG.45ZoriteNa8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2OOrth.
9.DG.45ChivruaiiteCa4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmmm
9.DG.50Haineaultite(Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 2
9.DG.55EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.DG.60EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.65ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2OOrth.
9.DG.65PatyniteNaKCa4[Si9O23]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.67WhelaniteCu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2OOrth. mm2 : Pnn2
9.DG.70Fenaksite(K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70ManaksiteKNaMnSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70YusupoviteNa2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.70EnricofrancoiteKNaCaSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.75TinaksiteK2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)]Tric.
9.DG.75TokkoiteK2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F)Tric.
9.DG.75SenkevichiteCsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.80CanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4Mon. m : Bm
9.DG.80FluorcanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2OMon. m : Bm
9.DG.85MiseriteK1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2OTric.
9.DG.90FrankameniteK3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.92Charoite(K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.95YuksporiteK4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.97Eveslogite(Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14Mon. 2/m : P2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for CascanditeHide

References for CascanditeHide

Localities for CascanditeHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Baveno
        • Feriolo
Albertini et al. (2006) +1 other reference
        • Oltrefiume
          • Mount Camoscio
Grill (1935)
Mellini M. et al. (1982) +1 other reference
      • Omegna
        • Agrano
Lapis (9)
Mellini et al. (1982)
Norway
 
  • Telemark
    • Drangedal
      • Tørdal
Raade et al. (1999) +2 other references
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Wrocław County
      • Gmina Jordanów Śląski
Pieczka et al. (2023)
Pieczka et al. (2023)
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