Goslarite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Goslarite
Goslar, Germany
Formula:
ZnSO4 Β· 7H2O
Colour:
Colourless; light brown, green or blue; white; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Silky
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
1.978
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named for the town of Goslar nearest the type locality of Rammelsberg Mine, Germany. Dana (late 1800s) attributes the name to Haidinger (1845), but similar names were used before that time.
Epsomite Group; Epsomite-Goslarite Series
A complete series exists between goslarite and its Mg analogue epsomite in artificial material. There is apparently only limited substitution of Zn for Mg in natural material.
A complete series exists between goslarite and its Mg analogue epsomite in artificial material. There is apparently only limited substitution of Zn for Mg in natural material.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1731
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1731:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
cd341f90-4ad7-47de-8e9a-6d1559459381
IMA Classification of Goslarite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Zn(SO4) Β· 7H2O
Classification of Goslarite
7.CB.40
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
29.6.11.2
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
25.5.2
25 : Sulphates
5 : Sulphates of Zn and Hg
25 : Sulphates
5 : Sulphates of Zn and Hg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAβCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Gos | IMAβCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAβCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Goslarite
Vitreous, Silky
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless; light brown, green or blue; white; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010}, perfect.
On {010}, perfect.
Density:
1.978 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.94 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Goslarite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.447 - 1.463 nβ = 1.475 - 1.480 nγ = 1.470 - 1.485
2V:
Measured: 46°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.023
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Y = c; Z = a.
Chemistry of Goslarite
Mindat Formula:
ZnSO4 Β· 7H2O
Elements listed:
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| ZnO | 28.13 % |
| SO3 | 27.33 % |
| H2O | 43.95 % |
| Fe2O3 and Al2O3 | 1.00 % |
| Total: | 100.41 % |
Sample references:
Crystallography of Goslarite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
2 2 2 - Disphenoidal
Space Group:
P21 21 21
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.77 Å, b = 12.05 Å, c = 6.82 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.977 : 1 : 0.566
Unit Cell V:
967.27 Γ
Β³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Artificial crystals short prismatic [001]. Commonly occurs as efflorescent crusts, stalactitic or stalagmitic masses with a fibrous structure; massive, granular, fibrous.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0020459 | Goslarite | Anderson J L, Peterson R C, Swaison I P (2005) Combined neutron powder and X-ray single-crystal diffraction refinement of the atomic structure and hydrogen bonding of goslarite (ZnSO4*7H2O) Mineralogical Magazine 69 259-271 | 2005 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0020460 | Goslarite | Anderson J L, Peterson R C, Swaison I P (2005) Combined neutron powder and X-ray single-crystal diffraction refinement of the atomic structure and hydrogen bonding of goslarite (ZnSO4*7H2O) Mineralogical Magazine 69 259-271 | 2005 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Epitaxial Relationships of Goslarite
Epitaxial Minerals:
| Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Epitaxy Comments:
Goslarite {100} [001] or {010} [001] parallel to muscovite {001} [120], [310], [150], [1_20], [3_10], or [1_50].
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.21 Γ | (100) |
| 5.36 Γ | (78) |
| 4.18 Γ | (47) |
| 5.29 Γ | (37) |
| 2.867 Γ | (33) |
| 2.651 Γ | (29) |
| 4.46 Γ | (25) |
| 3.457 Γ | (23) |
| 2.809 Γ | (22) |
| 3.74 Γ | (21) |
| 2.754 Γ | (20) |
Comments:
Synthetic. Data from Swanson et al. (1959).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 55 : Anthropogenic mine minerals |
Type Occurrence of Goslarite
Synonyms of Goslarite
Other Language Names for Goslarite
Varieties of Goslarite
| Cuprogoslarite | A copper-bearing variety of goslarite. |
| Ferro-Goslarite | Contains Fe'' in substitution for Zn. |
| Magnesium-bearing Goslarite | A magnesium-bearing variety of Goslarite. A complete series exists between Goslarite and Epsomite (50% rule applies). |
| Mangangoslarite | A Mn-bearing variety of Goslarite. Epsomite group. Originally described from Kintore Opencut, Broken Hill, Yancowinna Co., New South Wales, Australia. |
Relationship of Goslarite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Epsomite | MgSO4 Β· 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
| Morenosite | NiSO4 Β· 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 11 photos of Goslarite associated with Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 Β· H2O |
| 9 photos of Goslarite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 9 photos of Goslarite associated with Limonite | |
| 5 photos of Goslarite associated with Chalcanthite | CuSO4 Β· 5H2O |
| 4 photos of Goslarite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Goslarite associated with Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 1 photo of Goslarite associated with Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 Β· 6H2O |
| 1 photo of Goslarite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 Β· 2H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.CB. | Sarvodaite | Al2(SO4)3 Β· 5H2O |
| 7.CB.02 | Voudourisite | CdSO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 Β· 2H2O |
| 7.CB.10 | Bonattite | CuSO4 Β· 3H2O |
| 7.CB.12 | Belogubite | CuZn(SO4)2 Β· 10H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Aplowite | (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Boyleite | (Zn,Mg)SO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Ilesite | (Mn,Zn,Fe)SO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 Β· 4H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 Β· 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | JΓ΄kokuite | MnSO4 Β· 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 Β· 5H2O |
| 7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 Β· 5H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Bianchite | Zn(SO4) Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | Mn(SO4) Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | FeSO4 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | Co(SO4) Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | Ni(SO4) Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Bieberite | CoSO4 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Boothite | CuSO4 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Mallardite | MnSO4 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 Β· H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu)(SO4) Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Epsomite | MgSO4 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 Β· 17H2O |
| 7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 Β· 12H2O |
| 7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.50 | Lazaridisite | 3CdSO4 Β· 8H2O |
| 7.CB.52 | Pararaisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Paracoquimbite | Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 Β· 2H2O |
| 7.CB.55 | Raisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.57 | Caichengyunite | Fe2+3Al2(SO4)6 Β· 30H2O |
| 7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 Β· 7H2O |
| 7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 Β· 11H2O |
| 7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 Β· 5H2O |
| 7.CB.75 | Lishizhenite | ZnFe2(SO4)4 Β· 14H2O |
| 7.CB.75 | RΓΆmerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 Β· 14H2O |
| 7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 Β· 6H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | BΓlinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.85 | Wupatkiite | (Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 Β· 22H2O |
| 7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 Β· 11H2O |
Other Information
Magnetism:
Diamagnetic
Notes:
Soluble in H2O. Dehydrates in air.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Goslarite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1731.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Goslarite
Reference List:
Localities for Goslarite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
β - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) |
| MARQUEZ-ZAVALIA | |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) |
| RaΓΊl J. Tauber LarryΒ΄s collection | |
| Morello et al. (2016) |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) |
| Angelelli et al. (1941) +1 other reference |
| Brodtkorb (2002) |
Australia | |
| McQueen +2 other references |
| Degeling (1982) |
| B. G. Lottermoser: P. M. Ashley (1997) |
| Ashley et al. (1999) |
| B. G. Lottermoser: P. M. Ashley (1997) +1 other reference |
| Worner et al. (et al) |
| Clark (1993) |
| Noble R.J et al. (1983) |
| Bottrill +1 other reference |
| R Bottrrill |
| Parbhakar-Fox |
| Ferguson (1999) |
| Ferguson (1999) |
Austria | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) |
Azerbaijan | |
| Imamverdiyev et al. (2022) |
Belgium | |
| TVM Specimen. +3 other references |
| Risse (1865) +2 other references |
| John Nijhuis collection |
| Dewalque (1892) +2 other references |
Bolivia | |
| Smith et al. (2001) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Radosavljevic et al. (2005) |
Canada | |
| Anderson et al. (2012) |
China | |
| Tiegang Li et al. (2014) |
| Caiwen Cai (1983) |
| Wenliang Gao et al. (2006) |
| Minzhi Yang (2003) |
| Guangyu Zhou (1983) |
| Huaping Zhu and Dequan Zhang (2002) +1 other reference |
| Huaping Zhu and Dequan Zhang (2004) | |
| Xiaohu Wang et al. (2008) |
| Dianhao Huang (2000) |
Czech Republic | |
| Lapis 2002 (7/8) |
| Fojt |
| PauliΕ‘ +3 other references |
DR Congo | |
| Deliens (1996) |
France | |
| Coueille (1988) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| De Ascenção Guedes R. (2006) |
| J. Chervet Collection |
| Jean-Luc Portes Collection |
| Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ... |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) | |
| WeiΓ (1990) |
| [Klaproth (1810) |
| GrΓΆbner et al. (2011) | |
| Bender et al. (1994) |
| Aufschluss 90 (2) |
| Aufschluss 90 (2) | |
| Aufschluss 90 (2) | |
| Graf et al. (1982) |
| WeiΓ (1990) |
| WeiΓ (1990) |
| WeiΓ (1990) |
| WeiΓ (1990) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol. 60 |
| Lapis 17 (12) |
| Schlegel (1991) |
| www.dergraul.de (2001) |
| www.dergraul.de (2001) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| P Haas collection |
Greece | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2014) |
| Lapis (May 2003) |
| GrΓΆbner (2003) | |
| |
| Schnorrer et al. (1999) |
| Branko Rieck collection | |
Hungary | |
| ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII. |
| ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII. |
| SzakΓ‘ll et al. (1996) |
India | |
| Nalin Shah (2002) |
Italy | |
| AA. VV. +1 other reference |
| Jervis G. (1881) +2 other references |
| Stara P. (1996) |
| Preite et al. (2007) |
| Stara P. (1996) |
| Andreatta C. (Trentino) |
| Exel (1987) |
| Dill (1979) |
| Brizzi G. et al. (GR) | |
| Domenico Saccardo (2019) |
Japan | |
| Nambu et al (1979) |
| Okamoto collection (curated at the Geological Survey museum, Japan) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Litvinovich et al. (1960) |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Panczner (1987) |
| |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Parker (2010) |
Norway | |
| Raade (1995) |
| Garmo (1974) | |
| Goldschmidt (1911) |
| Folvik (2019) | |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Steger (2015) |
Peru | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Smuda +4 other references | |
Romania | |
| www.minerals-of-the-carpathians |
| SzakΓ‘ll (2002) | |
| Buzatu et al. (2012) |
| Εukasz Kruszewski PXRD & pXRF analysis ... +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| E. Shcherbakova et al. : "The rarest ... |
Slovakia | |
| Kodě +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Kodě +1 other reference |
| ΔuΔa (1993) |
| KodΔra (1986) |
Spain | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Garcia (1996) |
| |
| Adrian Pesudo Collection |
| Adrian Pesudo Collection | |
Sweden | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Tajikistan | |
| Badalov et al. (1975) |
UK | |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference | |
| Collins (1871) |
| Carne (1822) +1 other reference | |
| Manchester University Museum |
| [Specimen in collection of Natural ... |
| |
| Phillips (1823) |
Ukraine | |
| Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914) |
| Dobrovolskaya T.I. (2004) |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Galbraith (1959) |
| Peterson et al. (1951) +2 other references |
| Galbraith (1959) +2 other references |
| Besse (1981) |
| Galbaith (1959) +1 other reference |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Galbraith (1959) |
| Williams et al. (1963) +1 other reference |
| Williams et al. (1963) +1 other reference | |
| JD Mizer |
| Galbraith (1959) +1 other reference |
| Anderson et al. (1955) |
| Anderson et al. (1955) | |
| Jay Ellis Ransom |
| John C. Branner Ph. D (1906) | |
| Jay Ellis Ransom | |
| Jay Ellis Ransom | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 296 +4 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 296. +1 other reference |
| Adams (2017) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 296. +3 other references |
| A.I.M.E. Transactions: 48: 67-117 (1915) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 296 +4 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| - (1984) +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| USGS PP 1017 (Lovering,1978) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| The Oxidized Zinc Ores of Leadville ... |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| - (2005) |
| Olsen et al. (1979) | |
| Kucera (2021) | |
| - (2005) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Januzzi et al. (1976) |
| Schooner (circa 1985) |
| Ream (1995) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Anderson (1994) | |
| Cerato |
| |
| Palache et al. (1951) | |
| John Lindell Collection |
| The Mineralogy of The Butte District +1 other reference | |
| Dana (1892) +1 other reference | |
| Weed (1912) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Rocks & Minerals |
| R&M 74:6 p380-390 +1 other reference |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Lasky et al. (1930) +1 other reference |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| NMBMMR Bull 10 The Geology and Ore ... |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Gibbs (1989) | |
| USGS PP 200 (Loughlin,1942) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Dana 6: 1075. |
| Genth +1 other reference | |
| Genth +1 other reference |
| ... |
| Lapham & Geyer |
| Rocks & Min.: 6:26 +1 other reference | |
| www.jonesgeo.com (2011) |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
| Roberts et al. (1965) |
| Zeitner +2 other references | |
| Butler (1913) +1 other reference |
| Bullock (1981) |
| North (2010) |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Rocks & Min. Vol. 73 (1998) |
| Cordua (1998) |
Zambia | |
| Korowski et al. (1980) |
Zimbabwe | |
| Vetter et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
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Esperanza Mine, Kaminiza mines, Km 3, Lavrion Mining District, Lavreotiki, East Attica, Attica, Greece