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Glans

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Description

The glans (plural "glandes" ; from the Latin word for "acorn") is a vascular structure located at the tip of the penis in male mammals or a homologous genital structure of the clitoris in female mammals.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glans, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2286632	https://www.gbif.org/species/2286632
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	17687	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17687

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Glans

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Glans

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Carditioni	Dall 1889
order	Carditida
superfamily	Crassatelloidea
family	Carditidae	Fleming 1820
genus	Glans	Megerle von Mühlfeld 1811

Scientific Name

Glans Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811

Name Published In

Ges. Nat. Fr. Berlin, Mag. 5 (1)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Glans	subgenus	belongs to Venericardia	stated with evidence	Cossmann, 1912
Glans	subgenus	belongs to Cardita	stated with evidence	Marshall, 1918
Glans	subgenus	belongs to Cardita	stated without evidence	Vredenburg, 1928
Glans	subgenus	belongs to Beguina	stated without evidence	Rossi Ronchieti, 1952
Glans	subgenus	belongs to Cardita	stated without evidence	Dey, 1961
Glans	genus	belongs to Carditidae	stated without evidence	Marasti, 1973
Glans	genus	belongs to Carditamerinae	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Glans	genus	belongs to Carditamerinae	stated without evidence	Freneix et al., 1988
Glans	genus	belongs to Carditidae	implied	Lamprell and Whitehead, 1992
Glans	genus	belongs to Carditidae	stated with evidence	Moore, 1992
Glans	genus	belongs to Veneroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (31%)

First Recorded Appearance

99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Motility

facultatively mobile (based on Carditidae)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Carditidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Bivalvia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glans

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Glans (Centrocardita) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		24	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Glans (Glans) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		13	59.2 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Cardita (Glans) quilonensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Cardita (Glans) scabricostata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		20	47.8 Ma Eocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Cardita gracilicostata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardita polynema ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Cardita quilonensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardita rovereti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardita scabricostata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardita scabrosa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Cardita tasmanica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Glans afra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glans carpenteri species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		23	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Glans dominguensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glans gracilicostata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Glans hirasei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glans rovereti ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Glans schencki species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glans trapezia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Glans vaughani species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1811	Glans Mühfeld
1912	Venericardia (Glans) Cossmann p. 212
1918	Cardita (Glans) Marshall
1925	Cardita (Glans) Woodring p. 99
1928	Cardita (Glans) Vredenburg p. 439
1952	Beguina (Glans) Rossi Ronchieti p. 424
1961	Cardita (Glans) Dey

Year	Name and Author
1973	Glans Marasti p. 107
1980	Glans Vokes p. 118
1988	Glans Freneix et al. p. 424
1992	Glans Lamprell and Whitehead p. 56
1992	Glans Moore p. 15
2002	Glans Sepkoski, Jr.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Woodring W. P. (1925) Miocene Molluscs from Bowden, Jamaica. Part 1: Pelecypods and Scaphopods, Contributions to the Geology and Palaeontology of the West Indies

Vredenburg E. (1928) Description of Mollusca from the post-Eocene Tertiary formation of north-western India: Gastropoda (in part) and Lamellibranchiata, Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 50 2, 351-506

Dey A. K. (1961) The Miocene Mollusca from Quilon, Kerala (India), Palaeontologica Indica 36

Marasti R. (1973) La fauna tortoniana del T. Stirone (limite Parmense-Piacentino), Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 12 1, 76-120

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Freneix S., Saint Martin J.-P., et al (1988) Bivalves Hétérodontes du Messinien d'Oranie (Algérie occidentale), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Section C: Sciences de la Terre 9 4, 415-453

Lamprell K., Whitehead T. (1992) , Bivalves of Australia 1

Moore E. J. (1992) Tertiary marine pelecypods of California and Baja California: Erycinidae through Carditidae, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1228 E, 1-37

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Bouchet et al., 2001 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Ges. Nat. Fr. Berlin, Mag. 5 (1) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213. - via World Register of Marine Species

Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al., 1998: Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed.. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26. 526. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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