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Diplodonta

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2287464	https://www.gbif.org/species/2287464
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	17578	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17578

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
-	Veneroidei
-	Veneroitei	Gray 1854
superfamily	Ungulinoidea	Adams and Adams 1857
family	Ungulinidae	Adams and Adams 1857
genus	Diplodonta	Bronn 1831

Scientific Name

Diplodonta Bronn, 1831

Name Published In

Bronn, Heinrich G. 1831. Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlüsse. Groos, Heidelberg.: i–xii; 1–176; Tab. i–xvi; Pl. 3.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Diplodontidae	stated with evidence	Glenn, 1904
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Diplodontidae	stated without evidence	Clark and Arnold, 1923
Diplodonta	subgenus	belongs to Taras	stated without evidence	Mukerjee, 1939
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated with evidence	Marwick, 1960
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated without evidence	Dockery, 1982
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated with evidence	Zinsmeister, 1983
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated without evidence	Freneix et al., 1988
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated with evidence	Beu et al., 1990
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	implied	Lamprell and Healy, 1998
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated without evidence	Wienrich, 1999
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Veneroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated with evidence	Schneider et al., 2005
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Diplodontidae	stated without evidence	Bouchet et al., 2010
Diplodonta	genus	belongs to Ungulinidae	stated with evidence	Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2012

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

33 (38%)

First Recorded Appearance

140 - 136 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Motility

facultatively mobile

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder

Ecospace Comments

LIFE HISTORY: IA, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Bivalvia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Diplodonta (Diplodonta) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		142	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta (Microstagon) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		6	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta (Phlyctiderma) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		22	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta (Sphaerella) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Diplodonta (Timothynus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		37	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta (Zemysina) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		11	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Felaniella (Felaniella) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		28	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Taras (Taras) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta acclinis species	listed (PBDB)		25	23.0 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Diplodonta aleutica species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta alta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta amboinensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta annandalei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta astartea ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		8	5.33 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Diplodonta auriculata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta balcombensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Diplodonta bezanconi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta biali species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta brevifulcrata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta brocchii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta buwaldana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta caloosaensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta catopotium species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta chilkaensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta collina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta confusa ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Diplodonta corbiscula ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Diplodonta cornea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta crebristriata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta cretacea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta dalli ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Diplodonta davisi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta decaisnei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta difficilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta dilatata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Diplodonta dissona ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Diplodonta enigmatica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta ferruginata ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	47.8 Ma Eocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Diplodonta gabbi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta globosa species	listed (PBDB)		4	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta glos species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta granulosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta guaraniana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta guttula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta harfordi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta homalostriata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta hopkinensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta hopkinsiensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Diplodonta incerta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		5	33.9 Ma Oligocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Diplodonta inconspicua species	listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta infrequens ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Diplodonta insula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta intermedia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta lateralis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta leana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta leptodoma species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta lupinus species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta marlboroensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta masria species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta mediamericana ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Diplodonta mexicana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta minor species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta mokattamensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta nizeryi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta notata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta nucleiformis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	20.4 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta ochlockoneensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta oncodes species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta orbella species	listed (PBDB)		24	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta paralta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Diplodonta parilis species	listed (PBDB)		30	58.7 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta patagonica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta pedelayensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta petropolitana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta planissima species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta portesiana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta problematica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Diplodonta punctata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta puncturella species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta radiata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta rosacea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta rotundata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta satex species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta scalaris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta scalpta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta sericata species	listed (PBDB)		8	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta shilohensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Diplodonta soror species	listed (PBDB)		18	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta sphaeromorpha species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta stephensoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	28.1 Ma Oligocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Diplodonta subglobosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta subhoudasi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta sublateralis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta subquadrata species	listed (PBDB)		2	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Microstagon subrotunda species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Diplodonta subrotundata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	5.33 Ma Miocene	1.81 Ma Pleistocene
Diplodonta subrugosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta subvexa species	listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Diplodonta torelli species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta transversaria ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Diplodonta traski ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Diplodonta trigonula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta undata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta ungulina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta villardeboeana species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Diplodonta waltonensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta waynensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta woodringi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta yorkensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Diplodonta zelandica species	listed (PBDB)		4	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Erycina elliptica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Felaniella (Zemysia) elliptica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Felaniella confusa species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	28.4 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Felaniella insula ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Felaniella palmerae species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Felaniella senegalensis species	listed (PBDB)		6	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Felaniella snavelyi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lucina acclinis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lucina vilardeboana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sphaerella subconvexa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sphaerella subvexa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Taras (Diplodonta) alta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Taras goodspeedi species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Taras unisulcatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Tellina astartea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Diplodonata Smith, 1885	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Diplodonata*
Glocomene Leach, 1852	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Glocomene*
Mittrea Gray, 1854	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Mittrea*
Phylctiderma Woodring, 1925	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Phylctiderma*
Plyctiderma Woodring, 1925	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Plyctiderma*
Diglodonta Bronn, 1831	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Diglodonta*
Goodallia Deshayes, 1860	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Goodallia*
Diplodanta Keller, 1883	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Diplodanta*
Sphaerella Conrad, 1838	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Sphaerella*
Diplondota Strausz, 1928	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Diplondota*
Goodalia Vasseur, 1881	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : *Goodalia*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1826	Taras Risso
1831	Diplodonta Bronn
1899	Felaniella Dall p. 244
1904	Diplodonta Glenn p. 334
1909	Diplodonta (Felaniella) Dall p. 117
1923	Diplodonta Clark and Arnold p. 144
1927	Zemysia Finlay
1928	Diplodonta Nagao p. 60
1939	Taras Mukerjee p. 8
1939	Taras (Diplodonta) Mukerjee p. 9
1944	Taras Durham p. 144
1960	Diplodonta Marwick p. 14
1976	Felaniella Moore p. 46
1980	Felaniella Dockery p. 165
1980	Diplodonta Vokes p. 107
1980	Felaniella Vokes p. 107
1982	Diplodonta Dockery p. 60

Year	Name and Author
1982	Diplodonta Woodring p. 625
1983	Diplodonta Zinsmeister p. 1827
1987	Diplodonta Ward and Blackwelder p. 130
1988	Diplodonta Freneix et al. p. 419
1990	Diplodonta Beu et al. p. 397
1990	Felaniella Beu et al. p. 397
1990	Felaniella (Zemysia) Beu et al. p. 397
1998	Diplodonta Lamprell and Healy p. 148
1998	Felaniella Lamprell and Healy p. 148
1999	Diplodonta Wienrich p. 228
2002	Diplodonta Sepkoski, Jr.
2002	Felaniella Sepkoski, Jr.
2002	Zemysia Sepkoski, Jr.
2005	Diplodonta Schneider et al. p. 114
2010	Diplodonta Bouchet et al.
2012	Diplodonta Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 738

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Glenn L. C. (1904) Pelecypoda, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 274-401

Clark B. L., Arnold R. (1923) Fauna of the Sooke Formation Vancouver Island, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 14 5, 123-234

Nagao T. (1928) Palaeogene fossils of the Island of Kyushu, Japan Part II, Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University 12 1, 11-140

Mukerjee P. N. (1939) Fossil fauna from the Tertiary of Garo Hills, Assam, Palaeontologia Indica 28 1, 1-101

Durham J. W. (1944) Megafaunal zones of the Oligocene of northwestern Washington, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 27, 101 -212

Marwick J. (1960) Early Tertiary Mollusca from Otaio Gorge, South Canterbury, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 33

Moore E. J. (1976) Oligocene marine mollusks from the Pittsburg Bluff Formation in Oregon, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 922, 1-66

Dockery D. T. (1980) Invertebrate Macropaleontolgy of the Clarke County Mississippi Area, Bulletin - Mississippi Geological, Economic and Topographic Survey 122

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Dockery D. T. (1982) Lower Oligocene Bivalvia of the Vicksburg Group in Mississippi, Mississippi Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Geology 123, 1-261

Woodring W. P. (1982) Geology and paleontology of canal zone and adjoing parts of Panama: Description of Tertiary mollusks (Pelecypods: Propeamussiidae to Cuspidariidae)., United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 306 F

Zinsmeister W. J. (1983) New Late Paleocene molluscs from the Simi Hills, Ventura County, Califonia, Journal of Paleontology 57 6, 1282-1303

Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283

Freneix S., Saint Martin J.-P., et al (1988) Bivalves Hétérodontes du Messinien d'Oranie (Algérie occidentale), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Section C: Sciences de la Terre 9 4, 415-453

Beu A. G., Maxwell P.A., et al (1990) Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 58

Lamprell K., Healy J. (1998) , Bivalves of Australia 2

Wienrich G. (1999) Die Fauna des marinen Miozäns von Kevelaer (Niederrhein). Band 2 Bivalvia, Scaphopoda, Cephalopoda, Bryozoa, Annelida, Brachiopoda, Backhuys Publishers, Leiden 2, 188-384

Schneider S., Witt W., et al (2005) Ostracods and bivalves from an Upper Pleistocene (Tyrrhenian) marine terrace near Altinova (Izmit Province, Turkey), Zitteliana 45, 87-114

Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201

Coan E. V., Valentich-Scott P. (2012) Bivalve Seashells of Tropical West America. Marine Bivalve Mollusks from Baja California to Northern Peru, Santa Barbara museum of Natural history monographs 6, 1-1258

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Bouchet et al., 2001 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Bronn, H. G. (1831). Ubersicht der Fossilen Uberreste in den tertiären subappeninischen Gebirgen. Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlüsse. Heidelberg: Karl Groos. xii + 176 pp., 1 pl. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Ergeb. Nat. Reisen, 2 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al., 1998: Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed.. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26. 526. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

De Bruyne, R.H. & De Boer, Th.W. (2008) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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