Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography
BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Mammutidae ✝

Description

Mammutidae is an extinct family of proboscideans that appeared during the Miocene epoch and survived until the start of the Holocene. The family was first described in 1922, classifying fossil specimens of the type genus Mammut (mastodons), and has since been placed in various arrangements of the order. The name "mastodon" derives from Greek, μαστός "nipple" and ὀδούς "tooth", as with the genus, referring to a characteristic that distinguishes them from allied families. The genus Zygolophodon has also been assigned to this family. Mammutids ranged very widely, with fossils found in North America, Africa, and throughout Eurasia.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3240496https://www.gbif.org/species/3240496
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)43273https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43273
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
-TethytheriaMcKenna 1975
orderProboscidea
suborderElephantiformesTassy 1988
-ElephantimorphaTassy and Shoshani 1997
-MammutidaTassy and Shoshani 1997
familyMammutidaeHay 1922
Common Namemastodon
Scientific NameMammutidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Proboscideastated without evidenceKurten and Anderson, 1980
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to MammutoideaimpliedCarroll, 1988
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Proboscideastated without evidenceShoshani et al., 1989
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Elephantiformesstated without evidenceShoshani and Tassy, 1996
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Mammutoideastated without evidenceMcKenna and Bell, 1997
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Mammutoideastated with evidenceLambert and Shoshani, 1998
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Elephantoideastated without evidenceSanders and Miller, 2002
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Proboscideastated without evidencePickford, 2003
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Mammutoideastated without evidenceShoshani and Tassy, 2005
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Mammutidastated with evidenceShoshani et al., 2006
Mammutidaefamilybelongs to Elephantoideastated without evidenceSanders et al., 2010
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)29
First Recorded Appearance33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Last Recorded Appearance0.01 Ma
Pleistocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietbrowser
Ecospace Commentsdiet based on Mammut; Zygolophodon not discussed
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Common Name(s) Mastodon
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammutidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Eozygodontinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)
Mammutinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)
Eozygodon
genus
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Losodokodon
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
228.4 Ma
Oligocene
28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Mammut
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Mastodon57333.9 Ma
Oligocene
0.01 Ma
Pleistocene
Sinomammut
genus
listed (PBDB)211.1 Ma
Miocene
2.59 Ma
Pleistocene
Zygolophodon
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7528.1 Ma
Oligocene
3.20 Ma
Pliocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1922Mammutidae Hay
1980Mammutidae Kurten and Anderson p. 343
1987Mammutidae Miller p. 171
1988Mammutidae Carroll
1989Mammutidae Shoshani et al. p. 436
1993Mammutidae Abraczinskas p. 345
1996Mammutidae Shoshani and Tassy p. 352
1997Mammutidae McKenna and Bell p. 499
1998Mammutidae Lambert and Shoshani p. 608
2002Mammutidae Sanders and Miller p. 397
2003Mammutidae Pickford p. 209
2005Mammutidae Shoshani and Tassy p. 9 figs. Table 2
2006Mammutidae Shoshani et al. p. 17300
2010Mammutidae Sanders et al. p. 185
YearName and Author
1922Mammutidae Hay
1980Mammutidae Kurten and Anderson p. 343
1987Mammutidae Miller p. 171
1988Mammutidae Carroll
1989Mammutidae Shoshani et al. p. 436
1993Mammutidae Abraczinskas p. 345
1996Mammutidae Shoshani and Tassy p. 352
1997Mammutidae McKenna and Bell p. 499
1998Mammutidae Lambert and Shoshani p. 608
2002Mammutidae Sanders and Miller p. 397
2003Mammutidae Pickford p. 209
2005Mammutidae Shoshani and Tassy p. 9 figs. Table 2
2006Mammutidae Shoshani et al. p. 17300
2010Mammutidae Sanders et al. p. 185

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442
Miller W. E. (1987) Mammut americanum, Utah's first record of the American mastodon, Journal of Paleontology 61 1, 168-183
Shoshani J., Fisher D. C., et al (1989) The Shelton Mastodon Site: Multidisciplinary study of a late Pleistocene (Twocreekan) locality in Southeastern Michigan, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27 14, 393-436
Abraczinskas L. M. (1993) Pleistocene proboscidean sites in Michigan: New records and an update on published sites, Michigan Academician 25 4, 443-490
Shoshani J., Tassy P. (1996) Summary, conclusions, and a glimpse into the future, in J. Shoshani and P. Tassy, eds., The Proboscidea: Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives, 335-348
McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640
Lambert W. D., Shoshani J. (1998) Proboscidea, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 606-621
Sanders W. J., Miller E. R. (2002) New proboscideans from the early Miocene of Wadi Mogahara, Egypt, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 2, 388-404
Pickford M. (2003) New Proboscidea from the Miocene strata in th elower Orange River Valley, Namibia, Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia 19, 207-256
Shoshani J., Tassy P. (2005) Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior, Quaternary International 126-128, 5-20
Shoshani J., Walter R. C., et al (2006) A proboscidean from the late Oligocene of Eritrea, a ‘‘missing link’’ between early Elephantiformes and Elephantimorpha, and biogeographic implications, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 46, 17296-17301
Sanders W. J., Gheerbrant E., et al (2010) Proboscidea, Cenozoic Mammals of Africa, 161-251
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: April 23, 2024 15:15:15
Go to top of page