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Aleyrodidae

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Description

Whiteflies are Hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They comprise the family Aleyrodidae, the only family in the superfamily Aleyrodoidea. More than 1550 species have been described.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleyrodidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4304	https://www.gbif.org/species/4304
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	211379	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=211379

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Clareocercaria	Prokop et al. 2017
-	Acercaria
superorder	Pancondylognatha	Yoshizawa and Leinhard 2016
-	Condylognatha	Börner 1904
order	Hemiptera	Linnaeus 1758
suborder	Sternorrhyncha
infraorder	Aleyrodomorpha	Chou 1963
family	Aleyrodidae	Westwood 1840

Common Name

whitefly

Scientific Name

Aleyrodidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Aleyrodidae	family	belongs to Aleyrodomorpha	stated with evidence	Drohojowska and Szwedo, 2011
Aleyrodidae	family	belongs to Hemiptera	stated with evidence	Engel et al., 2011
Aleyrodidae	family	belongs to Aleyrodomorpha	stated with evidence	Drohojowska and Szwedo, 2013

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (9.3%)

First Recorded Appearance

166 - 157 Ma
Jurassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. O. Westwood. 1840. An Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects; Founded on the Natural Habits and Corresponding Organisation of the Different Families 2:353-587

Common Name(s)

Mjöllöss, Vita Flygare, Whitefly, Witte Vliegen, Whiteflies

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleyrodidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Aleurodicinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		14	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Aleyrodinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		3	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Bernaeinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		8	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acanthaleyrode genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthobemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acaudaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acutaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Africaleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Africaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Agrostaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurocanthus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurocerus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurochiton genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroclava genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurocybotus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurocyperus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Aleuroduplidens genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroglandulus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroinanis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurolobus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurolonga genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuromarginatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuronudus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuropapillatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroparadoxus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroparvus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroplatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuropleurocelus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroporosus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuropositus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuropteridis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroputeus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurothrixus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurotithius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurotrachelus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurotuba genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurotuberculatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurotulus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroviggianus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurovitreus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Aleyrodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleyrodiella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Anomaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apobemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Arachnaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aretsaya ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Asialeyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asiothrixus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asterobemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Asterochiton genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Austroaleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Axacalia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Azuraleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Baetylus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Bakerius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bellitudo genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bemisaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bemisiella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bernaea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Brazzaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bulgarialeurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Burmoselis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Calluneyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ceraleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chitonaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clodionus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Cockerelliella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cohicaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Combesaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Corbettia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Crenidorsum genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Crescentaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cryptolingula genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Davidiella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialeurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialeurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialeurolobus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialeurolonga genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialeuropora genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dialeurotrachelus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Disiphon genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Distincaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Distinctaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dothioia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dumbletoniella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Editaaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Eudialeurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Extensaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fascaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Filicaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Fippataleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gagudjuia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gapenus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Gigaleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Gomenella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Harpaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Heidea ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hesperaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Heteraleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Heterobemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Indoaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Isaraselis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Juglasaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Juleyrodes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Kaieteurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Keralaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Laingiella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Leonardius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Leucopogonella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lukotekia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Malayaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Marginaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Massilieurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Metabemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Metaleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Metaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Milqartis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Minutaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mixaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nealeurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nealeyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neoaleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neoaleurotrachelus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neomaskellia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Neopealius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nigrasialeyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nipaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Octaleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Odontaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Oisedicus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Orchamoplatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Orientaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Orstomaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paernis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Papillipes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Parabemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paraleurolobus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paraleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paulianaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pealius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pectinaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pentaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Peracchius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Plataleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pogonaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudaleurolobus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudaleuroplatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosynaleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudozaphanera genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rabdostigma genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ramsesseus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rhachisphora genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rosanovia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rovnodicus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Rugaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rusostigma genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Russellaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Septaleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Setaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Shapashe ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Simplaleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Singhiella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Singhius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Siphoninus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Siphonius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Snotra ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Sphericaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Stenaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Synaleurodicus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tegmaleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tetraleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tetralicia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Trialeurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Trialeurolonga genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Trichoaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tuberaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Udamoselis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Vasantharajiella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Vasdavidius genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Venezaleurodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Viennotaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xenaleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Xenobemisia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Yamis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Yleyrodes genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zaphanera genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurocybotum occiduus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleurocydobus occiduus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleuroplatanus fici species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Aleutuberculatus aucubae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clodonius fizoli species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Crenidosum armatae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Odontoaleurodes rhododendri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Orchaoplatus samoanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Trialeurodinae intermedia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Whiteflies	GBIF	family	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Whiteflies
Aleurodidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Aleurodidae
Aleyrodes aculeatus Menge, 1856	GBIF	species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae : *Aleyrodes aculeatus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1840	Aleyrodidae Westwood p. 442
1856	Aleyrodes aculeatus Menge p. 18
2011	Aleyrodidae Drohojowska and Szwedo p. 661
2011	Aleyrodidae Engel et al.
2013	Aleyrodidae Drohojowska and Szwedo p. 101
2015	Aleyrodidae Drohojowska and Szwedo p. 261

References

Westwood J. O. , An Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects; Founded on the Natural Habits and Corresponding Organisation of the Different Families 2, 353-587

Menge A. Lebenszeichen vorweltlicher, im bernstein eingeschlossener thiere, Programm der Öffentlichen Prüfung der Schüler der Petrischule, 1-32

Drohojowska J., Szwedo J. (2011) New Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodomorpha) from Eocene Baltic amber, Polish Journal of Entomology 80, 659-677

Engel M. S., Nel A., et al (2011) New, primitive termites (Isoptera) from Early Cretaceous ambers of France and Lebanon, Palaeodiversity 4, 39-49

Drohojowska J., Szwedo J. (2013) Gapenus rhinariatus gen. sp. n., a new whitefly from Lebanese amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae), Insect Evolution in an Ambiferous and Stone Alphabet, 99-110

Drohojowska J., Szwedo J. (2015) Systematics, in New genus and species of Aleyrodidae from Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodomorpha), Polish Journal of Entomology 84, 259-269

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Wikimedia (2013) Wikispecies. Online: http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

McGavin, George C., 1993: null. Bugs of the World. 192. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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