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Neohipparion ✝

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Neohipparion sp.

Cherry County, Nebraska, USA

Neohipparion sp.

Cherry County, Nebraska, USA

Neohipparion sp.

Cherry County, Nebraska, USA

Description

Neohipparion is an extinct genus of equid, from the Neogene (Miocene to Pliocene) of North America and Central America.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neohipparion, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4830452	https://www.gbif.org/species/4830452
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43013	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43013

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
order	Perissodactyla
suborder	Lophodontomorpha	Hooker and Dashzeveg 2004
infraorder	Euperissodactyla	Hooker and Dashzeveg 2004
-	Hippomorpha
superfamily	Equoidea	Hay 1902
family	Equidae	Gray 1821
subfamily	Equinae	Steinmann and Döderlein 1890
tribe	Hipparionini	Quinn 1955
genus	Neohipparion	Gidley 1903

Scientific Name

Neohipparion Gidley, 1903

Name Published In

Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Equidae	stated with evidence	Gidley, 1903
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Protohippinae	stated without evidence	Gidley, 1907
Neohipparion	genus	subjective synonym of Hipparion	stated with evidence	Osborn, 1918
Neohipparion	genus	subjective synonym of Hipparion	stated without evidence	Matthew and Stirton, 1930
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Equidae	stated with evidence	Stirton, 1940
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Equidae	stated without evidence	Gregory, 1942
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Hipparionini	stated without evidence	Quinn, 1955
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Equidae	stated without evidence	Webb, 1969
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Equidae	stated with evidence	MacFadden, 1984
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Equidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Hippotheriini	stated without evidence	Prothero and Schoch, 1989
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Hipparionini	stated without evidence	Baskin, 1991
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Hipparionini	stated with evidence	Kelly, 1995
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Hipparionini	stated without evidence	Hulbert and Whitmore, 2006
Neohipparion	genus	belongs to Hipparionini	stated with evidence	May, 2019

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

23.0 - 16.0 Ma
Miocene

Last Recorded Appearance

5.33 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

grazer

Ecospace Comments

mixed feeder based on stable isotopes (MacFadden and Cerling 1996) but C4 grazer based on hypsodonty, isotopes, and microwear (MacFadden et al. 1999)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. W. Gidley. 1903. The fresh-water Tertiary of northwestern Texas : American Museum expeditions of 1899-1901. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 19(26):617-635

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neohipparion

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Equus eurystylus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	54	23.0 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Hipparion affine ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	21	23.0 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Hipparion trampasense ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	24	23.0 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene
Hippotherium princeps ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Neohipparion gidleyi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	23.0 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene
Neohipparion leptode ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	14	13.6 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Hipparion sanjuanensis (Frick, 1933)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion : *Hipparion sanjuanensis*
Neohipparion sanjuanensis (Frick, 1933)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion : *Neohipparion sanjuanensis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1903	Neohipparion Gidley
1907	Neohipparion Gidley p. 867
1933	Hipparion sanjuanensis Frick p. 549
1940	Neohipparion Stirton
1942	Neohipparion Gregory
1955	Neohipparion Quinn p. 63
1963	Neohipparion Mooser p. 394
1969	Neohipparion Webb
1975	Neohipparion Forsten
1981	Hesperohipparion Dalquest p. 506

Year	Name and Author
1984	Neohipparion MacFadden p. 75
1988	Neohipparion Carroll
1989	Neohipparion Prothero and Schoch p. 532
1991	Neohipparion Baskin p. 999
1991	Neohipparion (Hesperohipparion) Baskin p. 999
1995	Neohipparion Kelly p. 26
1998	Neohipparion MacFadden p. 548
2006	Neohipparion Hulbert and Whitmore p. 13
2019	Neohipparion May

References

Gidley J. W. (1903) The fresh-water Tertiary of northwestern Texas : American Museum expeditions of 1899-1901, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 19 26, 617-635

Gidley J. W. (1907) Revision of the Miocene and Pliocene Equidae of North America, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 23 35, 865-934

Frick C. (1933) New remains of trilophodont-tetrabelodont mastodons, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 59 9, 505-652

Stirton R. A. (1940) Phylogeny of North American Equidae, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 25 4, 165-198

Gregory J. T. (1942) Pliocene Vertebrates From Big Spring Canyon South Dakota, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 26 4, 307-446

Quinn J. H. (1955) Miocene Equidae of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas Report of Investigations 5516, 1-102

Mooser O. (1963) Neohipparion monias n. sp. equido fosil del Plioceno de la Mesa Central de Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología, Anales 34, 393-396

Forsten A. -M. (1975) The Fossil Horses of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain: A Revision , Pearce-Sellards Series 22, 1-86

Dalquest W. W. (1981) Hesperohipparion (Mammalia: Equidae), a New Genus of Horse from the Hemphillian of North America, with Description of a New Species, The Southwestern Naturalist 25 4, 505-512 doi:10.2307/3670849

MacFadden B. J. (1984) Systematics and phylogeny of Hipparion, Neohipparion, Nannippus, and Cormohipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Miocene and Pliocene of the New World, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 179 1, 1-195

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Prothero D. R., Schoch R. M. (1989) Classification of the Perissodactyla, The Evolution of Perissodactyla, 530-537

Kelly T. S. (1995) New Miocene horses from the Caliente Formation, Cuyama Valley Badlands, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 455, 1-33

MacFadden B. J. (1998) Equidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 537-559

Hulbert R. C., Whitmore F. C. (2006) Late Miocene mammals from the Mauvilla Local Fauna, Alabama, Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 46 1, 1-28

May S. R. (2019) The Lapara Creek Fauna: Early Clarendonian of south Texas, USA, Palaeontologia Electronica 22.1.15, 1-129 doi:10.26879/929

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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