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Linthia ✝

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Description

Linthia is an extinct genus of echinoids that lived from the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene. Its remains have been found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linthia, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4876627	https://www.gbif.org/species/4876627
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	33417	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=33417

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Linthia

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Linthia

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Echinozoa	von Zittel 1895
class	Echinoidea
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea
-	Carinacea	Kroh and Smith 2010
-	Irregularia
-	Atelostomata	von Zittel 1879
order	Spatangoida	Agassiz 1840
suborder	Paleopneustina	Agassiz 1904
family	Schizasteridae
genus	Linthia	Desor 1853

Scientific Name

Linthia Desor, 1853

Name Published In

Act. Soc. Helvét., 38 (Porrentruy 1853)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Linthia	genus	belongs to Spatangidae	stated without evidence	Clark and Twitchell, 1915
Linthia	genus	belongs to Spatangoidea	stated without evidence	Nagao, 1928
Linthia	genus	belongs to Hemiasteridae	stated without evidence	Grant and Hertlein, 1938
Linthia	subgenus	belongs to Schizaster	stated without evidence	Cooke, 1942
Linthia	genus	belongs to Schizasteridae	stated with evidence	Cooke, 1959
Linthia	genus	belongs to Schizasteridae	stated without evidence	Kier, 1984
Linthia	genus	belongs to Schizasteridae	stated with evidence	Smith, 1995
Linthia	genus	belongs to Spatangoida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Last Recorded Appearance

5.33 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

marine (based on Spatangoida)

Motility

slow-moving (based on Spatangoida)

Vision

limited (based on Echinoidea)

Diet

deposit feeder, detritivore (based on Spatangoida)

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Spatangoida)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite (based on Spatangoida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linthia

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Linthia (Linthia) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		7	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Linthia (Lutetiaster) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)
Linthia africana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia aguayoi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia alabamensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	61.6 Ma Paleocene
Linthia alta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia arabica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia atolladosae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia avilensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Linthia bajsarensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia balboi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia bergeroni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia bisulca species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia boreasteria species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia boriesi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia brevipetala species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia brodermanni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Linthia bulgarica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia californica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Linthia caraibensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia cavernosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia collignoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia cretacica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia dainellii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia darderi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia delanouei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia desioi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia durandi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia garciai species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia gaudryi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia ghiroboensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia gibba species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia gonzalezmunozi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia hanoverensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		13	48.6 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Linthia hargeisensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia harmatuki species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia heimei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia hollandi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia houzeaui ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Linthia joannisboehmi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia latisulcata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia madagascariensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia maliensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia maverickensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia monteroae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Linthia mortenseni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia mullerriedi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia obesa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia orientalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia pomeli species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia praenipponica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Linthia prima ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Linthia pseudoglobalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia pulchra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia rolandi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia romani species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia sanrafaelensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Linthia somaliensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia sudanensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	55.8 Ma Eocene
Linthia suitensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia summesbergeri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia taiwanensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia trechmanni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Linthia variabilis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		21	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Linthia wilmingtonensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	41.3 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Linthia yessoensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Schizaster (Linthia) ocalanus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	38.0 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Schizaster (Linthia) tumidulus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	59.2 Ma Paleocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1853	Linthia Desor p. 278
1915	Linthia Clark and Twitchell p. 152
1928	Linthia Nagao p. 18
1938	Linthia Grant and Hertlein p. 124
1942	Schizaster (Linthia) Cooke p. 42
1949	Linthia cretacica Sanchez Roig

Year	Name and Author
1952	Linthia garciai Sanchez Roig
1959	Linthia Cooke p. 69
1966	Linthia Fischer p. U576
1984	Linthia Kier p. 71
1995	Linthia Smith p. 236
2002	Linthia Sepkoski, Jr.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Clark W. B., Twitchell M. W. (1915) The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Echinodermata of the United States, United States Geological Survey Bulletin 54, 1-341

Nagao T. (1928) Palaeogene fossils of the Island of Kyushu, Japan Part II, Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University 12 1, 11-140

Grant U. S., Hertlein L. G. (1938) The West American Cenozoic Echinoidea, Publications of the University of California at Los Angeles in Mathematical and Physical Sciences 2, 1-225

Cooke C. W. (1942) Cenozoic irregular echinoids of the Eastern United States, Journal of Paleontology 16, 1-62

Cooke C. W. (1959) Cenozoic echinoids of eastern United States, United States Geological Survey Professional Papers 321, 1-106

Fischer A. G. (1966) Spatangoids, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U. Echinodermata. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Boulder and Lawrence 3 2, U543-U628

Kier P. M. (1984) Fossil spatangoid echinoids of Cuba, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 55, 1-336

Smith A. B. (1995) Late Campanian-Maastrichtian echinoids from the United Arab Emirates-Oman border region, Bulletin of the Natural History Museum (Geology Series) 51, 121-240

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000 unverified - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Act. Soc. Helvét., 38 (Porrentruy 1853) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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