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Grylloblattodea

Description

Grylloblattidae, the icebugs, or ice crawlers, is a family of extremophile (psychrophile) and wingless insects that live in the cold on top of mountains and the edges of glaciers. They belong, along with Mantophasmatidae (rock crawlers), to the order Notoptera. Grylloblattids are tiny, most being less than 3 cm long, wingless insects with a head resembling that of a cockroach, with long antennae and having elongated cerci arising from the tip of their abdomen. They cannot tolerate warmth (most species will die at 10° C) and many species have small distribution ranges.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)585https://www.gbif.org/species/585
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)182320https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=182320
Rankorder
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-PolyneopteraMartynov 1938
-XenonomiaTerry and Whiting 2005
orderGrylloblattodeaWalker 1914
Common Nameice crawler
Scientific NameGrylloblattodea
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Grylloblattodeaorderbelongs to Blattopteroideastated with evidenceSharov, 1968
Grylloblattodeaorderbelongs to Blattoneopterastated with evidenceKukalová-Peck and Lawrence, 2004
Grylloblattodeasuborderbelongs to Notopterastated with evidenceArillo and Engel, 2006
Grylloblattodeaorderbelongs to Polyneopterastated without evidenceBéthoux and Beckemeyer, 2007
Grylloblattodeasuborderbelongs to Notopterastated with evidenceEades, 2012
Grylloblattodeaorderbelongs to Xenonomiastated with evidenceWipfler et al., 2019
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)209
Extant Size (PBDB)3 (1.4%)
First Recorded Appearance315 - 311 Ma
Carboniferous
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)O. Béthoux and R. J. Beckemeyer. 2007. New and rare insect species from the Wellington Formation (Orthoptera, Grylloblattodea; Lower Permian, USA). Alavesia 1:49-61
Common Name(s) Grylloblattids, Ice Crawlers, Ice-crawlers, Rock Crawlers, Ice Crawler
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grylloblattodea

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Grylloblattina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
62296 Ma
Permian
0 Ma
Extant
Lemmatophorina
suborder
listed (PBDB)
Protoperlina
suborder
listed (PBDB)40315 Ma
Carboniferous
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Cacurgoidea
superfamily
listed (PBDB)
Ischnoneuroidea
superfamily
listed (PBDB)2307 Ma
Carboniferous
304 Ma
Carboniferous
Archiprobnisidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Atactophlebiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10280 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Bajanzhargalanidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7279 Ma
Permian
152 Ma
Late Jurassic
Blattogryllidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
57290 Ma
Permian
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Camptoneuritidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7296 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Chaulioditidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
51272 Ma
Permian
242 Ma
Middle Triassic
Chelopteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4290 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Daldubidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3307 Ma
Carboniferous
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Dermopteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Epideigmatidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10315 Ma
Carboniferous
272 Ma
Permian
Euchauliodidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Euremiscidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
6280 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Euryptilonidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
35305 Ma
Carboniferous
254 Ma
Permian
Geinitziidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
77279 Ma
Permian
152 Ma
Late Jurassic
Gorochoviidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
17237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Grylloblattidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Rock-crawler0 Ma
Extant
Havlatiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2296 Ma
Permian
296 Ma
Permian
Ideliidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Idelinellidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10311 Ma
Carboniferous
272 Ma
Permian
Ivapteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4272 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Juraperlidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Kargalopteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2265 Ma
Permian
265 Ma
Permian
Kortshakoliidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Lemmatophoridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
129299 Ma
Carboniferous
268 Ma
Permian
Liomopteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
163318 Ma
Carboniferous
254 Ma
Permian
Madygenophlebiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Megakhosaridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
71279 Ma
Permian
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Mesorthopteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
51279 Ma
Permian
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Oecanthoperlidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Palaeocixiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Permembiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
11290 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Permopectinidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3279 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Permotermopsidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
15299 Ma
Carboniferous
260 Ma
Permian
Permulidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Personidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Probnidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
16299 Ma
Carboniferous
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Protoblattinidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Protoperlidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1304 Ma
Carboniferous
304 Ma
Carboniferous
Raaschiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1290 Ma
Permian
290 Ma
Permian
Scalicidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1265 Ma
Permian
265 Ma
Permian
Sinonamuropteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
11315 Ma
Carboniferous
315 Ma
Carboniferous
Skaliciidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
8296 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Sojanoraphidiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Stenoneuritidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Sylvabestiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
23296 Ma
Permian
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Sylvaphlebiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
26305 Ma
Carboniferous
254 Ma
Permian
Telactinopterygidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Tshecalculidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Tshekardominidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Tunguskapteridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2260 Ma
Permian
252 Ma
Permian
Uralotermitidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Anaidelia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Angaroptera
genus
listed (PBDB)1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Blattogryllulus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2152 Ma
Late Jurassic
152 Ma
Late Jurassic
Chalcorychus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1265 Ma
Permian
265 Ma
Permian
Chorolimnobia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1183 Ma
Early Jurassic
183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Dyadozoarium
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1265 Ma
Permian
265 Ma
Permian
Gurianovella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2280 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Haplopterum
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1272 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Ideliopsina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10237 Ma
Middle Triassic
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Issadonympha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1260 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Kaltanopterodes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1269 Ma
Permian
269 Ma
Permian
Kenguronympha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1260 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Kerbia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1265 Ma
Permian
265 Ma
Permian
Kolvidelia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Liomoptoides
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2254 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Madygenidelia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Mitinovia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1269 Ma
Permian
269 Ma
Permian
Neoliomopterum
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1254 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Palaeocixius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3304 Ma
Carboniferous
304 Ma
Carboniferous
Permedax
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Permobaharellus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1290 Ma
Permian
290 Ma
Permian
Permonympha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3272 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Polyetes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2315 Ma
Carboniferous
311 Ma
Carboniferous
Pseudoshurabia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Rachimentomon
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3280 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Sukhonoptera
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1260 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Sunopterites
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Sylvaclinicus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Sylvalitoralis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3279 Ma
Permian
99.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sylvamicropteron
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Sylvonympha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Tataronympha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1272 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Termoides
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1280 Ma
Permian
280 Ma
Permian
Triasseuryptilon
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2254 Ma
Permian
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Tshebardanympha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian
Tshekardites
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1280 Ma
Permian
280 Ma
Permian
Uralotermes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1279 Ma
Permian
279 Ma
Permian

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Uralotermidae GBIFfamilyAnimalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Grylloblattodea : Uralotermidae

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1914Grylloblattida Walker
1914Grylloblattodea Walker
1917Protoperla boltoni Lameere p. 164
1922Protoperla boltoni Handlirsch p. 109
1939Uralotermidae Zalessky p. 53
1965Uralotermitidae Emerson p. 11
1968Grylloblattodea Sharov
2001Grylloblattida Wappler p. 96
2004Grylloblattodea Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence
YearName and Author
2006Grylloblattodea Arillo and Engel p. 3
2007Grylloblattida Béthoux
2007Grylloblattodea Béthoux and Beckemeyer
2009Grylloblattida Aristov p. 643
2012Grylloblattodea Eades
2014Grylloblattodea Misof et al.
2015Grylloblattida Prokop et al. p. 30
2019Grylloblattodea Wipfler et al.

References

Béthoux O., Beckemeyer R. J. (2007) New and rare insect species from the Wellington Formation (Orthoptera, Grylloblattodea; Lower Permian, USA), Alavesia 1, 49-61
Lameere A. (1917) Revision sommaire des insectes fossiles du Stéphanien de Commentry, Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 23, 141-200
Handlirsch A. (1922) Insecta Palaeozoica, Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia 16, 1-230
Zalessky G. M. (1939) Permskie nasekomye basseyna reki Sylvy i voprosy evolyutsii v klasse nasekomykh III. Novye predstaviteli Protohymenoptera, Homoptera, Hemipsocoptera, Psocoptera, Protoperlaria, Isoptera i Protoblattoidea, Problemy Paleontologii 5, 33-91
Emerson A. E. (1965) A review of the Mastotermitidae (Isoptera), including a new fossil genus from Brazil, American Museum Novitates 2236, 1-46
Sharov A. G. (1968) Filogeniya ortopteroidnykh nasekomykh, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 118, 1-216
Wappler T. (2001) New orthopteroid insects from the Upper Triassic Molteno Formation, Karoo Basin, southern Africa, Acta Geologica Leopoldensia 24 52/53, 87-104
Kukalová-Peck J., Lawrence J. F. (2004) Relationships among coleopteran suborders and major endoneopteran lineages: Evidence from hind wing characters, European Journal of Entomology 101, 95-144
Arillo A., Engel M. S. (2006) Rock crawlers in Baltic amber (Notoptera: Mantophasmatodea), American Museum Novitates 3539, 1-10
Béthoux O. (2007) Emptying the Paleozoic wastebasket for insects: members of a Carboniferous 'protorthopterous family' assigned to natural groups, Alavesia 1, 41-48
Aristov D. S. (2009) Review of the stratigraphic distribution of Permian Grylloblattida (Insecta), with descriptions of new taxa, Paleontological Journal 43 6, 643-651
Eades D. (2012) , Polyneoptera Species File
Misof B., Liu S. L., et al (2014) Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution, Science 346, 763-767
Prokop J., Szwedo J., et al (2015) New Middle Permian insects from Salagou Formation of the Lodève Basin in southern France (Insecta: Pterygota), Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 51, 14-51
Wipfler B., Letsch H., et al (2019) Evolutionary history of Polyneoptera and its implications for our understanding of early winged insects, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Vrsansky, Peter, Sergei Y. Storozhenko, Conrad C. Labandeira, and Petra Ihringova, 2001: Galloisiana olgae sp. nov. (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) and the Paleobiology of a Relict Order of Insects. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, vol. 94, no. 2. 179-184. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Arillo & Engel. 2006. Rock Crawlers in Baltic Amber (Notoptera: Mantophasmatodea). American Museum Novitates 3539:3 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov. 2011. New and Little Known Blattogryllidae (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Permian and Triassic of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. Paleontological Journal 45(1):65-72 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov. 2013. New Grylloblattida (Insecta) from the Upper Permian and Lower Triassic of European Russia and Kazakhstan. Paleontological Journal 47(1):66-76 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Beutel & Gorb. 2008. Evolutionary scenarios for unusual attachment devices of Phasmatodea and Mantophasmatodea (Insecta). Systematic Entomology 33(3):501-510 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Brues & Melander. 1915. Key to the families of North American insects; an introduction to the classification of insects, The Authors, Boston, Mass., Pullman, Wash. 13 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Béthoux. 2007. Emptying the Paleozoic wastebasket for insects: members of a Carboniferous 'protorthopterous family' assigned to natural groups. Alavesia 1:41-48 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Leubner, Hoernschemeyer & Bradler. 2016. The thorax of the cave cricket Troglophilus neglectus: anatomical adaptations in an ancient wingless insect lineage (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae). BMC Evolutionary Biology 16:1-19 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Rasnitsyn. 1976. Grylloblattidae: modern representatives of the order Protoblattodea (lnsecta). Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Proc. USSR Academy of Sciences) 228:273-275 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Schoville, Uchifune & Machida. 2013. Colliding fragment islands transport independent lineages of endemic rock-crawlers (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) in the Japanese archipelago. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 66(3):915-927 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Terry & Whiting. 2005. Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insects. Cladistics 21:240-257 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Wipfler, Klug, Ge, Bai, Goebbels, Yang & Hoernschemeyer. 2015. The thorax of Mantophasmatodea, the morphology of flightlessness, and the evolution of the neopteran insects. Cladistics 31(1):50-70 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Namkung, Joon / Hiroshi, Ando, ed., 1982: The taxonomy of the Grylloblattodea and their distribution in Korea. Biology of the Notoptera. 29-42. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Beutel & Gorb. 2006. A revised interpretation of the evolution of attachment structures in Hexapoda with special emphasis on Mantophasmatodea. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 64(1):3-25 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Grimaldi & Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects, Cambridge University Press, New York 1467, 147, 222-225 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Rasnitsyn. 1980. In Rohdendorf & Rasnitsyn [Ed.]. Istoricheskoe Razvitie Klassa Nasekomykh [Historical Development of the Class Insecta]. Order Grylloblattida Walker, 1914. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk, SSSR (Tr. Paleont. Inst. Akad. Nauk, SSSR) 175:150-154 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Rasnitsyn. 2002. In Rasnitsyn & Quicke [Ed.]. Infraclass Gryllones. History of Insects, Kluwer Academic Publishers 276-278 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Schoville, Slatyer, Bergdahl & Valdez. 2015. Conserved and narrow temperature limits in alpine insects: Thermal tolerance and supercooling points of the ice-crawlers, Grylloblatta (Insecta: Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae). Journal of Insect Physiology 78:55-61 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko & Aristov. 2014. Review of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Families Megakhosaridae and Blattogryllidae (Insecta: Grylloblattida). Far Eastern Entomologist 271:1-28 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko. 1988. A review of the family Grylloplattidae [sic] (Insecta). Articulata 3(5):167 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Vrsansky, Storozhenko, Labandeira & Ihringova. 2001. Galloisiana olgae sp. nov. (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) and the Paleobiology of a Relict Order of Insects. Annals of the Entomological Society of America (Ann. ent. Soc. Amer.) 94(2):179-184 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Kim, Byung-Woo, and Woncheol Lee, 2007: A New Species of the Genus Gallosiana (Grylloblattodea, Grylloblattidae) from Korea. Zoological Science, vol. 24, no. 7. 733-745. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Brusca, Richard C., and Gary J. Brusca, 2002: null. Invertebrates, Second Edition. xx + 936. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Carpenter. 1992. In Kaesler [Ed.]. Part R Arthropoda 4. Volume 3: Superclass Hexapoda. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado and Lawrence, Kansas 181 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Cui, Béthoux, Klass & Ren. 2015. The Jurassic Bajanzhargalanidae (Insecta: Grylloblattida?): New genera and species, and data on postabdominal morphology. Arthropod Structure & Development 44:688-716 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Handlirsch. 1906. Die Fossilen Insecten und die Phylogenie der rezenten Formen: Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen. Engelman - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Huang, D.Y., Nel & Petrulevicius. 2008. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc.) 152(1):17-24 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Ichikawa, Sawada, Goto & Negoro. 2014. Two additions and a correction to the Grylloblattodea fauna of Toyama Prefecture. Bulletin of the Toyama Science Museum 38:129-130 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Labandeira. 1994. A Compendium of Fossil Insect Families. Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology 88:23 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Negoro, Sawada & Goto. 2013. Some specimen [sic] of Grylloblattodea deposited in Toyama Science Museum. Bulletin of the Toyama Science Museum 37:107-108 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Ren & Aristov. 2011. New fossil grylloblatid (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia (China). Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 3:36-37 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Schoville & Graening. 2013. Updated checklist of the ice-crawlers (Insecta: Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) of North America, with notes on their natural history, biogeography and conservation. Zootaxa 3737(4):351-378 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Schoville. 2014. Current status of the systematics and evolutionary biology of Grylloblattidae (Grylloblattodea). Systematic Entomology 39(2):197-204 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Schoville. 2016. Phylogenetic roots of the Grylloblattodea and implications for past environmental change. Metaleptea 36(1):10 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko. 1992. New Mesozoic grylloblattid insects from Soviet Central Asia. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1992(1):67-75 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko. 1997. Classification of order Grylloblattida (Insecta), with description of new taxa. Far Eastern Entomologist 42:1-20 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko. 1998. Sistematika, filogeniya i evolyutsiya grilloblattidovykh (insecta; Grylloblattida) [Systematics, phylogeny and evolution of the grylloblattids (Insecta: Grylloblattida)], Dal' nauka, Vladivostok 65 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov & Storozhenko. 2011. The taxonomic position of the genus Parablattogryllus Storozhenko, 1988 (Insecta) from the Cretaceous of Russia. Far Eastern Entomologist 236:14-16 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov & Zessin. 2009. [Mallorcagryllus hispanicus n. gen. et sp. - a new grylloblattid (Insecta: Grylloblattida: Blattogryllidae) from the Buntsandstein of the island of Mallorca, Spain.]. Virgo 12(1):30-34 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov, Grauvogel-Stamm & Marchal-Papier. 2011. New Grylloblattid Insects (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Gres a Voltzia of the Vosges (Middle Triassic of France). Paleontological Journal 45(2):159-166 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov. 2004. The Fauna of Grylloblattid Insects (Grylloblattida) of the Lower Permian Locality of Tshekarda. Paleontological Journal 38(Suppl 2):S80-S145 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Aristov. 2006. Taxonomy of the Fossil Grylloblattid Nymphs (Insecta: Grylloblattida). Paleontological Journal 40(1):79-89 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Béthoux, Nel, Lapeyrie & Gand. 2005. New data on paleozoic Grylloblattid insects (Neoptera). Journal of Paleontology 79(1):126 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Cui. 2012. New data on the Blattogryllidae-Plesioblattogryllidae-Grylloblattidae complex (Insecta: Grylloblattida: Blattogryllopterida tax.n.). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny (ASP) 70(3):167-180 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Jarvis & Whiting. 2006. Phylogeny and biogeography of ice crawlers (Insecta: Grylloblattodea) based on six molecular loci: Designating conservation status for Grylloblattodea species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41:222-237 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Klass. 2007. Die Stammesgeschichte der Hexapoden: eine kritische Diskussion neuerer Daten und Hypothesen [The phylogenetic history of hexapods: a critical discussion of recent data and hypotheses]. Denisia 20:413-450 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko. 1990. [New fossil grylloblattid insects (Insecta, Grylloblattida: Blattogryllidae, Geinitziidae) from the Permian and Mesozoic of Asia.]. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1990(4):57-65 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Storozhenko. 2002. In Rasnitsyn. Infraclass Gryllones. In Rasnitsyn & Quicke [Ed.]. Order Grylloblattida Walker, 1914. History of Insects, Kluwer Academic Publishers 278-283 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Wipfler, Bai, Schoville, Dallai, Uchifune, Machida, Cui & Beutel. 2014. Ice Crawlers (Grylloblattodea) – the history of the investigation of a highly unusual group of insects. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 2(2):1-25 - via Grylloblattodea Species File
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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