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Zonotrichia

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Description

Zonotrichia is a genus of five extant American sparrows of the family Passerellidae. Four of the species are North American, but the rufous-collared sparrow breeds in highlands from the extreme southeast of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, and on Hispaniola.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonotrichia, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	6173226	https://www.gbif.org/species/6173226
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	129849	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=129849

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Emberizidae : Zonotrichia

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Passerellidae : Zonotrichia

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Neoaves	Sibley et al. 1988
-	Terrestrornithes	Livezey and Zusi 2007
-	Dendrornithes
-	Anomalogonates	Garrod 1874
-	Picoclamatores	Livezey and Zusi 2007
superorder	Passerimorphae	Sibley et al. 1988
order	Passeriformes	Linnaeus 1758
family	Passerellidae	Cabanis 1851
genus	Zonotrichia	Swainson 1832

Common Name

sparrow

Scientific Name

Zonotrichia Swainson, 1832

Name Published In

Fauna Bor.-Am. [Swainson & Richardson] 2 [1831] p.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Zonotrichia	genus	belongs to Fringillidae	stated without evidence	Wetmore, 1962
Zonotrichia	genus	belongs to Emberizidae	stated without evidence	Guthrie, 1992
Zonotrichia	genus	belongs to Passerellidae	stated with evidence	Clements et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (100%)

First Recorded Appearance

1.81 - 0.78 Ma
Pleistocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Coelurosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

A. Wetmore. 1962. Notes on fossil and subfossil birds. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 145(2):1-17

Common Name(s)

Sparrow, Crowned Sparrows

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonotrichia

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Zonotrichia albicollis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	White-throated Sparrow	4	1.80 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Zonotrichia atricapilla species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zonotrichia canicapilla species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zonotrichia capensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Rufous-collared Sparrow	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Zonotrichia leucophrys species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	White-crowned Sparrow	6	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Zonotrichia macconnelli species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zonotrichia querula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zonotrichia whitii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1832	Zonotrichia Swainson
1898	Brachyspiza Ridgway
1962	Zonotrichia Wetmore p. 14
1982	Zonotrichia Parmalee and Klippel p. 366
1992	Zonotrichia Guthrie p. 324
1998	Zonotrichia Emslie
2017	Zonotrichia Clements et al.

References

Wetmore A. (1962) Notes on fossil and subfossil birds, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 145 2, 1-17

Parmalee P. W., Klippel W. E. (1982) Evidence of a Boreal Avifauna in Middle Tennessee during the Late Pleistocene, The Auk 99 2, 365-368

Guthrie D. A. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from San Miguel Island, California, Science Series (Los Angeles) 36, 319-327

Emslie S. D. (1998) Avian community, climate, and sea-level changes in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Florida Peninsula, Ornithological Monographs 50, 1-113

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017

SOF (2007) Holarktis Fåglar, version 2. SOF:s Taxonomikommittés officiella lista över Holarktis fåglar - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus (authority adjusted) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

SN2000/Monroe Jr. & Sibley, 1993 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

in Richardson, F. Bor.-Amer., 2, 1831 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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