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Pterostichus

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Description

Pterostichus is a very large genus of ground beetles with a Holarctic distribution in the subfamily Harpalinae. It has over 1,100 species. The beetles are predatory, but sometimes feed on strawberries. They can be found under rocks and prefer slightly moist, sandy soil although preferences differ between species. Pterostichus contains the following species:

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pterostichus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	7236333	https://www.gbif.org/species/7236333
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	193908	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=193908

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Pterostichus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Pterostichus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

doubtful

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
-	Aparaglossata
-	Coleopterida	Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence 2004
order	Coleoptera	Linnaeus 1758
suborder	Adephaga	Clairville 1806
family	Carabidae	Latreille 1802
subfamily	Harpalinae
tribe	Pterostichini
subtribe	Pterostichina	Bonelli 1810
genus	Pterostichus	Lucnik 1922

Scientific Name

Pterostichus Lucnik, 1922

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pterostichus	genus	belongs to Carabiques	stated with evidence	Dejean, 1821
Pterostichus	genus	belongs to Pterostichi	stated with evidence	LeConte, 1861
Pterostichus	genus	belongs to Carabidae	stated with evidence	Scudder, 1900
Pterostichus	genus	belongs to Pterostichina	stated with evidence	Bouchard et al., 2011
Pterostichus	genus	belongs to Pterostichini	stated without evidence	Tamutis et al., 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

45 (70%)

First Recorded Appearance

38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

F. A. Bonelli. 1810. Observations Entomologiques. Première Partie (Cicindélètes et Portion des Carabiques)

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pterostichus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pterostichus (Argutor) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	5	12.7 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Bothriopterus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	3	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Cryobius) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	67	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Eosteropus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	1	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Hypherpes) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	2	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Lamenius) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Lenapterus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	13	7.25 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Leptoferonia) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	3	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Melanius) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	2	7.25 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Metallophilus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Phonias) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	6	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Pseudomaseus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	2	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus (Steropus) subgenus	listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus abnormis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus abrogatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus cancellatus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus costatus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus depletus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus destitutus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus destructus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus distinctus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	28.4 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Pterostichus dormitans ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus fernquisti ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Pterostichus fractus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus gelidus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus gracilis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus gurnetensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Pterostichus laevigatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	1.80 Ma Pleistocene	1.80 Ma Pleistocene
Pterostichus melanarius species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus minor species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus minutulus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	12.7 Ma Miocene	12.7 Ma Miocene
Pterostichus molestus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Pterostichus niger species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus nigrita species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus parens species	listed (PBDB)	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus pumpellyi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Pterostichus strenuus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus stygicus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus sublaevis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus tundrae species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus vernalis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pterostichus vetustus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	12.7 Ma Miocene	12.7 Ma Miocene
Pterostichus walcotti ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1810	Pterostichus Bonelli
1821	Pterostichus Dejean p. 12
1861	Pterostichus LeConte p. 27
1900	Pterostichus Scudder p. 21
2011	Pterostichus Bouchard et al. p. 141
2011	Pterostichus Tamutis et al.

References

Bonelli F. A. , Observations Entomologiques. Première Partie (Cicindélètes et Portion des Carabiques), 1-58

Dejean P. F. M. , Catalogue de la collection de Coléoptères de M. le Baron Dejean, 1-136

Scudder S. H. Adephagous and clavicorn Coleoptera from the Tertiary deposits at Florissant, Colorado with descriptions of a few other forms and a systematic list of the non-rhynchophorus Tertiary Coleoptera of North America, Monographs of the United States Geological Survey 40, 1-148

Bouchard P., Bousquet Y., et al (2011) Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta), ZooKeys 88, 1-972

Tamutis V., Tamuté B., et al (2011) A catalogue of Lithuanian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera), ZooKeys 121, 1-494

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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