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Bidentalia ✝

Description

Bidentalia is a group of dicynodont therapsids. Bidentalia was one of the first names used to describe dicynodonts; the group was established in 1876, while the name "bidentals" dates back as far as 1845. With the increasing prominence of phylogenetics, the group was redefined as a clade in 2009. Bidentalia is now considered a stem-based taxon that includes all taxa more closely related to Aulacephalodon bainii and Dicynodon lacerticeps than Emydops arctatus.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)9325256https://www.gbif.org/species/9325256
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)215131https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=215131
Rankfamily (GBIF)
unranked clade (PBDB)
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Bidentalia
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Bidentalia
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
-AnomodontiaOwen 1859
-Chainosauria
-Dicynodontia
familyBidentalia
Scientific NameBidentalia
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Bidentaliafamilybelongs to Anomodontiastated without evidenceOwen, 1876
Bidentaliaunranked cladebelongs to Therocheloniastated with evidenceKammerer and Angielczyk, 2009
Bidentaliaunranked cladebelongs to Dicynodontiastated with evidenceKammerer et al., 2011
Bidentaliaunranked cladebelongs to Therocheloniastated with evidenceFröbisch and Reisz, 2011
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)54
First Recorded Appearance269 - 260 Ma
Permian
Last Recorded Appearance242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Amniota)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietherbivore (based on Dicynodontia)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Owen. 1876. Descriptive and Illustrated catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the Collection of the British Museum of Natural History.
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidentalia

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Rastodon
genus
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1269 Ma
Permian
269 Ma
Permian
Dicynodontoidea
unranked clade
listed (PBDB)245268 Ma
Permian
242 Ma
Middle Triassic

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Dicynodon rectidens Owen, 1876GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Dicynodon rectidens

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1876Bidentalia Owen
1876Dicynodon rectidens Owen
2009Bidentalia Kammerer and Angielczyk
2011Bidentalia Fröbisch and Reisz
2011Bidentalia Kammerer et al.

References

Owen R. Descriptive and Illustrated catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia of South Africa in the Collection of the British Museum of Natural History
Kammerer C. F., Angielczyk K. D. (2009) A proposed higher taxonomy of anomodont therapsids, Zootaxa 2018, 1-24
Fröbisch J., Reisz R. R. (2011) The postcranial anatomy of Suminia getmanovi (Synapsida: Anomodontia), the earliest known arboreal tetrapod, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162, 661-698
Kammerer C. F., Angielczyk K. D., et al (2011) A comprehensive taxonomic revision of Dicynodon (Therapsida, Anomodontia) and its implications for dicynodont phylogeny, biogeography, and biostratigraphy, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31 Sup. to 6, 1-158 doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.627074
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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