Center of Iran's Mineral resource potentials
Last Updated: 24th Dec 2011By Farid Mohammadi
Mineral resource potentials:
Markazi province shared between Sanandaj- Sirjan and Urumieh- Bazman zones has a considerable metallic and non metallic resource potentials. Mining activities has a long historical background in this province. Thirty five non metallic mines (Barite, Kaolin, feldspar, bentonite, red clay, Talc, fluorite, dolomite) and 56 construction raw material mines (limestone, gypsum, travertine, china marble, granite) and 9 metallic mines (Iron, lead zinc, ) are under exploitation.
More than 31 ores are discovered in this province comprising of Tungsten, tin, Molybdenium, gold copper ores, andalusite, black marble, granite, gem quality turquoise, chrysocolla, Jasper, Azurite, malachite, agate, quartz crystals and calcite.
Nonmetallic ores are consumed in many different mineral plants like gypsum, lime, white cement, dye, lightweight aggregates, ceramic, tile, rubber, glass industries.
There are 16 micronizing and supermicronizing plants in this province. This province has the first grade in these industries in Iran. Four floatation plants for lead - zinc ores and an aluminium producing factory are active actually in this province.
The main mineral resource potentials of this province are as follows:
- Lead - Zinc
Lead zinc ore is discovered and exploited in Ravange area 25 km northeast of Delijan.
Mineralization has occurred in Cretaceous limestone mineralization is located in a crushed zone in which igneous rocks out in form of veins and masses the Jurassic - Cretaceous and very often Tertiary rocks. The ore is in form of Galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and secondary anglesite and cerusite.
Lead mineralization has been occurred in Ashtian, in form of galena associated with barite.
Mineral indications are located to the east of Ashtian, north of Hezarabad, Zirgan, and Ahr.
Lead mineralization is also known from Tafresh (Kohandan, east of Darrehab). They are mostly in form of galena associated with iron oxide.
Khomein and Arak are also known for lead mineralization. At the basal part of Lower Cretaceous there are lead- zinc accumulation in a long belt extending from south Isfahan to Markazi province. Emarat mine (Arak), Khougan mine (20 km northeast of Khomein) and Lakan mine are all with in this belt.
- Gold
Astaneh gold is one of the historical gold mines of Iran. The host rock for gold mines of Iran. The host rock for gold mineralization is crushed microgranite affected by hydrothermal solutions. These solutions have emplaced gold in the sericite crystals. In addition to mother host rocks the young alluvial deposits (Sardarreh aroussoneh, darreh baleh parmeh) and river deposits (Parmeh, Mehdikhani, Darreh-e-Esmaiilabad, Darreh-e-Mollaadulreza, Roudkhaneh-e-Hajaliakbari) contain placer gold.
- Tungsten
Tungsten ore is found in Nezamabad of Arak.
In this area Tungsten ore is found in Bamsar, Hindu (in form of Skarn). Placer ore is also found in river deposits originating from Tungsten bearing mother rocks. According to geological studies tin and Tungsten are formed together with copper sulfides in a zone 10-12 thick.
- Iron
Iron mineralization is discovered in Ravang associated with acid intrusive rocks. They are in form of Hematite and limonite. Mineralization is more intense in zone of hydrothermal activities.
In north of Naragh and Jasb Neogene andesites and basalts are intruded by masses and veins of acid rocks. In altered volcanic Iron ore has been formed in form of hematite.
In south of this area (Kuh-e-Zard) veins of oligiste, are associated with Gabbro- diorite rocks. One of the oldest Iranian Iron mines is Shamsabad which is in the Markazi province.
- Barite
Barite mineral in form of masses and veins cut the Eocene rocks. They are discovered in volcanic belt in Jerikaghaj, east Amereh and Varsan. In Tafresh barite is observed in northeast of Dastjerd, Jamang and north of Nagoussan. Barite is reported also from volcanic rocks of Jouzghin, and Chahak area.
- Orpiment
Arsenic sulfides are observed 50 km northwest of Tafesh and 2 km west of Korban in terminal beds of Qom formation:
- Bentonite
This mineral is found in Qezelcheh (40 km northwest of Tafresh) as interlayer in lower red formation.
- Gypsum
Evaporitic gypsum and anhydrite are found in different horizons in form of lenses and beds. Gypsum are found in northeast of Khanak, northwest of Tafresh (Barez Jan) and northwest of Ezzedin (northwest of Tafresh). They are mainly associated with Eocene volcanic.
Gypsum layers are also found in boundary of limestone of lower red formation and red detrital deposits of Upper red formation. Gypsum deposits of northwest Tafresh are best examples.
- Andalusite
Andalusite are formed in contact aureoles of igneous bodies and pegmatites with Jurassic phyllites and schists in Sarband. The preliminary studies have shown the content of andalusite 28-328 kg per ton. Supergene alteration has caused the alteration of schist and release of andalusite crystals.
- Limestone marble.
Reefal limestone of Qom formations is exploited for limestone marble (marmarite in commercial nomenclature). The attractive colour of this limestone resulted in a successful commercial use of this limestone.
Granites of Sarband and industrial earth of Saveh are other potential resources of this province.
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Markazi province shared between Sanandaj- Sirjan and Urumieh- Bazman zones has a considerable metallic and non metallic resource potentials. Mining activities has a long historical background in this province. Thirty five non metallic mines (Barite, Kaolin, feldspar, bentonite, red clay, Talc, fluorite, dolomite) and 56 construction raw material mines (limestone, gypsum, travertine, china marble, granite) and 9 metallic mines (Iron, lead zinc, ) are under exploitation.
More than 31 ores are discovered in this province comprising of Tungsten, tin, Molybdenium, gold copper ores, andalusite, black marble, granite, gem quality turquoise, chrysocolla, Jasper, Azurite, malachite, agate, quartz crystals and calcite.
Nonmetallic ores are consumed in many different mineral plants like gypsum, lime, white cement, dye, lightweight aggregates, ceramic, tile, rubber, glass industries.
There are 16 micronizing and supermicronizing plants in this province. This province has the first grade in these industries in Iran. Four floatation plants for lead - zinc ores and an aluminium producing factory are active actually in this province.
The main mineral resource potentials of this province are as follows:
- Lead - Zinc
Lead zinc ore is discovered and exploited in Ravange area 25 km northeast of Delijan.
Mineralization has occurred in Cretaceous limestone mineralization is located in a crushed zone in which igneous rocks out in form of veins and masses the Jurassic - Cretaceous and very often Tertiary rocks. The ore is in form of Galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and secondary anglesite and cerusite.
Lead mineralization has been occurred in Ashtian, in form of galena associated with barite.
Mineral indications are located to the east of Ashtian, north of Hezarabad, Zirgan, and Ahr.
Lead mineralization is also known from Tafresh (Kohandan, east of Darrehab). They are mostly in form of galena associated with iron oxide.
Khomein and Arak are also known for lead mineralization. At the basal part of Lower Cretaceous there are lead- zinc accumulation in a long belt extending from south Isfahan to Markazi province. Emarat mine (Arak), Khougan mine (20 km northeast of Khomein) and Lakan mine are all with in this belt.
- Gold
Astaneh gold is one of the historical gold mines of Iran. The host rock for gold mines of Iran. The host rock for gold mineralization is crushed microgranite affected by hydrothermal solutions. These solutions have emplaced gold in the sericite crystals. In addition to mother host rocks the young alluvial deposits (Sardarreh aroussoneh, darreh baleh parmeh) and river deposits (Parmeh, Mehdikhani, Darreh-e-Esmaiilabad, Darreh-e-Mollaadulreza, Roudkhaneh-e-Hajaliakbari) contain placer gold.
- Tungsten
Tungsten ore is found in Nezamabad of Arak.
In this area Tungsten ore is found in Bamsar, Hindu (in form of Skarn). Placer ore is also found in river deposits originating from Tungsten bearing mother rocks. According to geological studies tin and Tungsten are formed together with copper sulfides in a zone 10-12 thick.
- Iron
Iron mineralization is discovered in Ravang associated with acid intrusive rocks. They are in form of Hematite and limonite. Mineralization is more intense in zone of hydrothermal activities.
In north of Naragh and Jasb Neogene andesites and basalts are intruded by masses and veins of acid rocks. In altered volcanic Iron ore has been formed in form of hematite.
In south of this area (Kuh-e-Zard) veins of oligiste, are associated with Gabbro- diorite rocks. One of the oldest Iranian Iron mines is Shamsabad which is in the Markazi province.
- Barite
Barite mineral in form of masses and veins cut the Eocene rocks. They are discovered in volcanic belt in Jerikaghaj, east Amereh and Varsan. In Tafresh barite is observed in northeast of Dastjerd, Jamang and north of Nagoussan. Barite is reported also from volcanic rocks of Jouzghin, and Chahak area.
- Orpiment
Arsenic sulfides are observed 50 km northwest of Tafesh and 2 km west of Korban in terminal beds of Qom formation:
- Bentonite
This mineral is found in Qezelcheh (40 km northwest of Tafresh) as interlayer in lower red formation.
- Gypsum
Evaporitic gypsum and anhydrite are found in different horizons in form of lenses and beds. Gypsum are found in northeast of Khanak, northwest of Tafresh (Barez Jan) and northwest of Ezzedin (northwest of Tafresh). They are mainly associated with Eocene volcanic.
Gypsum layers are also found in boundary of limestone of lower red formation and red detrital deposits of Upper red formation. Gypsum deposits of northwest Tafresh are best examples.
- Andalusite
Andalusite are formed in contact aureoles of igneous bodies and pegmatites with Jurassic phyllites and schists in Sarband. The preliminary studies have shown the content of andalusite 28-328 kg per ton. Supergene alteration has caused the alteration of schist and release of andalusite crystals.
- Limestone marble.
Reefal limestone of Qom formations is exploited for limestone marble (marmarite in commercial nomenclature). The attractive colour of this limestone resulted in a successful commercial use of this limestone.
Granites of Sarband and industrial earth of Saveh are other potential resources of this province.
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