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Cuprite

Posted by Rock Currier  
avatar Cuprite
September 13, 2010 07:09AM
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Can you help make this a better article? What good localities have we missed? Can you supply pictures of better specimens than those we show here? Can you give us more and better information about the specimens from these localities? Can you supply better geological or historical information on these localities?



Cuprite
Cu2O Isometric

Cuprite ~8cm wide, Wheal Phoenix, Liskeard District, Cornwall, England, UK©


Cuprite is a common copper mineral found in the oxidized portions of copper deposits. Mindat currently lists more than 2100 (2010) localities for cuprite and the Handbook of mineralogy list the largest crystal found at about 14 cm. Probably the best large cuprite crystals as specimens come from Ogonja, Namibia, but most of the Cuprites from this mine have a coating of Malachite which is also found on Cuprites from other localities like those from the classic locality of Chessy, France. It is not uncommon to find it coating or encrusted on specimens of copper. Cuprite is most commonly found in cubes, octahedrons and dodecahedrons.

Given how common the mineral is in copper deposits good specimens come from surprisingly few localities. A red hair like variety is called chalcotrichite several examples of these are shown below. Sometimes this variety is not so hair like but the cubes are long and thin and stretched out, but they are mostly hair like. Bisbee, Arizona, USA and Chessy, France used to be the premier localities, but than those from Ogonja became available and more recently (2010) specimens from the Rubtsovskoe mine in Russia may supplant these localities as the best producer of cuprite specimens. Some specimens of cuprite are red, shiny and transparent and stones of more than 50 carats have been cut from crystals from Ogonja. I believe this mineral to be light sensitive and would advise keeping any fine red examples strictly in a dark cool place.
[Rock Currier 2010]


Cuprite
Australia
New South Wales, Robinson Co., Cobar

Cuprite ~1.7cm©



Cuprite
Australia
New South Wales, Yancowinna Co., Broken Hill

Cuprite ~4cm wide©
Cuprite on Copper 5.4cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite
Australia
Northern Territory, Gulf of Carpenteria, Wollogorang Station, Red Bank Mine

Cuprite var. chalcotrichite ~1.9cm tall© Maggie Wilson



Cuprite
Australia
Queensland, Tablelands Region, Chillagoe-Herberton District, Chillagoe, Red Dome Mine

Cuprite ~4cm wide© J.Ralph 2008
Cuprite 3.6cm tall© Keith Compton


Cuprite 3cm wide© Greg Murray
Cuprite 2.2cm wide© Joseph A. Freilich, LLC


Cuprite
Australia
South Australia, Yorke Peninsula, Kadina, Wallaroo Mine

Cuprite ~4cm wide©



Cuprite
Australia
South Australia, Yorke Peninsula, Moonta

Cuprite 1.5cm tall© Maggie Wilson



Cuprite
Bolivia
La Paz Department, Pacajes Province, Corocoro

This locality is far better known for its classic Copper pseudomorphs after twinned Aragonite crystals with hexagonal morphology, but Cuprite pseudomorphs after Aragonite are also found on rare occasions - a few tens of specimens, compared with thousands of the native Copper after Aragonite. (We do not yet have any pictures of the Cuprite pseudomorphs after Aragonite from this locality.) The cuprite pseudos perhaps formed from the native copper pseudos after a fall in the water table exposed the native copper to air. They range from just thin crusts of drusy cuprite coating the native copper pseudomorphs, to partial replacements with copper still in the centers, all the way to rare complete replacements with no native copper left in them. The completely altered Cuprite pseudomorphs tend to have rounded edges and are rarely as sharp as the copper pseudomorphs. (For more description of how these pseudos occur, please see under the Copper page.)
In the 1990s, I and Jaroslav Hyrsl were selling a few of these Cuprite pseudomorphs at the Munich show. We had divided them into two piles, one pile of those which still had copper in their centers and a smaller pile, more expensive, of ones that had completely altered to Cuprite, with no native copper left inside. A somewhat academically arrogant European mineralogist approached the table and criticized us for selling inaccurately labelled material because there was no way, in his opinion, for us to be certain about the degree of replacement without sacrificing them to be sawn open to reveal the interiors. We informed him that the pseudos had been checked with a metal detector (a low-tech electronic instrument that is not part of most mineralogists' laboratory equipment), and that it was quite easy to select the ones that had no metallic copper left inside! The pompous professor retreated in embarrassment.
[Alfredo Petrov, September 2010]


Cuprite
Chile
Antofagasta Region, El Loa Province, Calama, Chuquicamata District, Chuquicamata Mine

Cuprite 6.5cm© Rob Lavinsky



Cuprite
Chile
Atacama Region, Chañaral Province, Inca de Oro

Cuprite on Copper 4.2cm tall© Rob Lavinsky



Cuprite
China
Guangdong Province

Cuprite on bronze 2.56cm wide© Pavel M. Kartashov



Cuprite
China
Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang Prefecture, Jiujiang Co., Jiurui Mining District, Chengmenshan Cu-Mo-Au deposit

Cuprite FOV 4cm© Tony Peterson
Cuprite 4.4cm wide© fabreminerals.com


Cuprite & micro Delafossite 4.7cm wide]© Rob Lavinsky



Cuprite
Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
Katanga (Shaba), Katanga Copper Crescent, Western area, Kolwezi, Dikuluwe Mine

Cuprite 5cm tall© 2001 John H. Betts
Cuprite 7cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite & Malachite 8cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 3.1cm© Weinrich Minerals

It may be that some of the mines in the Congo may yet produce the worlds best Cuprite specimens. I have seen indication rough damaged red gemmy crystals of Cuprite in excess of four cm but as yet the mines of the Congo have yet to produce quantities of really good specimens though the ones pictured below are not to be sniffed at and would grace almost any collection.
[Rock Currier 2010]


Cuprite
Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
Katanga (Shaba), Katanga Copper Crescent, Western area, Kolwezi, Kamoto, Kamoto Principal Mine (Kamoto Fond Mine; Kamoto Mine)

Cuprite on Plancheite 4.3cm wide© Rob Lavinsky



Cuprite
Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
Katanga (Shaba), Katanga Copper Crescent, Western area, Kolwezi, Mashamba West Mine

Cuprite & Plancheite 2cm tall© Michael C. Roarke
Cuprite 5.9cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite xl 3.2cm wide© Joseph A. Freilich, LLC
Cuprite & Malachite 4.5cm wide© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite on Malachite 4.6cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 5.5cm wide© fabreminerals.com


Cuprite 3.5cm wide© Russell G. Rizzo
Cuprite 3.1cm wide© CCURTO08


Cuprite 5.3cm across© Dan Weinrich Minerals
Cuprite & Plancheite 2cm wide© 2001 John H. Betts


Cuprite 3cm tall© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals
Cuprite on Chrysocolla 2.5cm wide© Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite on Chrysocolla 10.7cm wide© Weinrich Minerals
Cuprite 2.4cm wide© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite
France
Midi-Pyrénées, Tarn, Villefranche d'Albigeois, Mont-Roc Mine

Cuprite FOV 1.03mm©



Cuprite
France
Rhône-Alpes, Rhône, Chessy-les-Mines

Cuprite 1cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite altering to Malachite 1.7cm© Keith F Compton


Cuprite to Malachite 2.3cm© G.E.G.M - FRANCE
Cuprite to Malachite on Azurite 3cm across© CLAUDE.jm


Cuprite altering to Malachite 5cm tall©
Cuprites altering to Malachite, largest 1.2cm© DR


Cuprite altering to Malachite 2.1cm wide© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprites from Chessy are almost always coated with malachite and sometimes the alteration is complete. They are commonly octahedral and perhaps the largest they get is in the 3 to 4cm range, but these larger ones are quite rare and tend to be "hoppered".


Cuprite
Germany
Baden-Württemberg, Black Forest, Wolfach, Oberwolfach, Rankach valley, Clara Mine

Cuprite FOV 5mm© Stephan Wolfsried
Cuprite FOV 5mm© Stephan Wolfsried


Cuprite
Greece
Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture, Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District, Lavrion District Mines, Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza), Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines), Hilarion area, Hilarion Mine (Hilarion adit; Hilarion Mine No. 50)

Cuprite on Gypsum FOV 1.2cm©
Cuprite & Connellite FOV 8mm©




Cuprite
Hungary
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co., Rudabányai Mts., Rudabánya

Cuprite to Malachite 2.9cm© Adam Szilveszter, 2009
Cuprite to Malachite 5.8cm tall© Adam Szilveszter, 2010


Cuprite
Italy
Tuscany, Livorno Province, Piombino, Baratti (slag locality)

Cuprite 0.7mm© luigi mattei
Cuprite var chalcotrichite FOV 1mm©


Cuprite
Japan

Japan has numerous localities for cuprite (seki-dohkoh in japanese), although Mindat has no photos of japanese cuprites yet. Here are some brief notes on some of the better or more interesting japanese cuprite localities, arranged by alphabetical order of prefectures, to be expanded and rearranged as we get photos:

Akita prefecture: Silky capillary cuprite aggregates (“chalcotrichite”) to over 1cm across, or granular xls with cubic, octahedral, cuboctahedral and rhombic dodecahedra habits, sometimes beautiful and transparent red, in drusy vugs at the Arakawa copper mine. Also associated with malachite and chrysocolla, coating crude octahedral copper crystals. As octahedral, cubic or cuboctahedral xl aggregates associated with native copper at the Kisamori copper mine. At the Hisaichi copper mine, cuprite occurs in two habits, sometimes together on the same specimen: strawberry-red capillary aggregates to 2cm across, and cubic crystals modified by octahedral faces, intimately associated with native copper, malachite and earthy limonite, in fractures in oxidized chalcopyrite-pyrite-chlorite-quartz vein. Beautiful transparent crimson equant cuprite crystals accompany distorted copper crystals at the Kosaka mine. Also at the Ani mine and the Osarizawa mine.
Ishikawa prefecture: Cuprite as massive aggregates of octahedral xls to a few mm, intimately associated with dendritic copper at the Ogoya copper mine, in oxide zone fractures in a chalcopyrite-quartz vein.
Iwate prefecture: With aggregates of native copper crystals at the Tsuchihata mine.
Osaka: Large cuprite masses, sometimes with distinct equant transparent crystals in cavities, at Kakinoki.
Tottori: Sharp free-standing octahedral crystals to 2mm, truncated by cube faces, in vuggy oxide zone of copper sulfide ores at the Iwami copper-lead-zinc mine. Also associated with malachite as coatings on dendritic native copper.
Yamaguchi: Massive aggregates of both acicular and granular xls in oxide zone of a contact copper deposit from the Yamato (Ofuku) mine. Aggregates of 1mm capillary crystals loosely filling 0.5 cm vugs make nice micromount material.
[Alfredo Petrov, Sepember 2010]


Cuprite
Kazakhstan
Zhezqazghan Oblysy (Dzezkazgan Oblast'; Dzhezkazgan Oblast'; Djezkazgan Oblast'; Jezkazgan Oblast')

Cuprite on Quartz ~3cm wide©
Cuprite ~2.5cm wide©


Cuprite
Kazakhstan
Zhezqazghan Oblysy (Dzezkazgan Oblast'; Dzhezkazgan Oblast'; Djezkazgan Oblast'; Jezkazgan Oblast'), Itauz Mine

Cuprite 2cm tall© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite on Copper 6cm wide© Tony Peterson


Cuprite
Mexico
Durango, Mun. de Mapimí, Mapimí

Cuprite ~10cm tall©



Cuprite
Mongolia
Altai Aimag

Cuprite 1.5cm wide© fabreminerals.com



Cuprite
Namibia
Khomas Region, Windhoek District, Seeis, Ogonja (Onganja)

Cuprite altering to Malachite© J.Ralph
Malachite on Cuprite 3.8cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite crystal 7cm wide + cut stone© J.Ralph
Cuprite altering to Malachite ~7cm across©


Cuprite altering to Malachite ~12cm tall©
Cuprite altering to Malachite on calcite ~10cm tall©


Cuprite and Calcite ~7.5cm wide©
Cuprite to Malachite 2.5cm wide© Renee Teresa Polityka


Cuprite altering to Malachite on Calcite ~10cm tall©
Cuprite altering to Malachite 5cm wide©


Cuprite altering to Malachite ~20cm wide©
Cuprite altering to Malachite on Calcite 7.5cm wide©


Cuprite on Calcite 3.3cm tall© Weinrich Minerals


When these giant Cuprites appeared on the market they were generally acknowledged as the worlds best. Many of them were transparent once the external malachite had been removed with acid. A few very large faceted stones were cut from some of these crystals. One of the specimens shown above has had the malachite coating carefully removed from it leaving the malachite coating intact on the adjacent Cuprite crystals. Many of these specimens were associated with a not very distinguished looking calcite.
[Rock Currier 2010]


Cuprite
Namibia
Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region, Tsumeb

Cuprite & Mimetite 2.2cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 2.3cm wide© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite on Calcite 5.5cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite & Duftite 3.4 cm wide© Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite 3.1cm wide© Javier Taguas
Cuprite, big xl 2.5cm© Kristalle and Crys


Cuprite 3.5cm tall©
Cuprite, Willemite, Calcite 4.2cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite 5.6cm wide© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals
Cuprite & Mimetite on Dolomite 7.5cm wide ©


Cuprite & Malachite 2.4cm tall© Fabre Minerals


Tsumeb has produced some fine Cuprite specimens, and of surprising variety. It is doubtful that there will be any more specimens from this once prolific source, at least in the immediate future.



Cuprite
Namibia
Otjozondjupa Region, Grootfontein District, Kombat, Kombat Mine

Cuprite & Calcite 5cm wide© R. Lang 2008
Cuprite 3.8cm wide© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite
Russia
Urals Region, Middle Urals, Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast', Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)

Cuprite 2.8cm wide© Rob Lavinsky



Cuprite
Russia
Urals Region, Middle Urals, Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast', Nizhnii Tagil, Mednorudyanskoye Cu Deposit

Cuprite 6.8cm tall© Dan Weinrich
Cuprite 6.9cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 6.8cm tall© Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite
Russia
Western-Siberian Region, Altaiskii Krai, Rudnyi Altai, Rubtsovskoe Cu-Zn-Pb deposit

Cuprite 5.8cm tall© fabreminerals.com
Cuprite 2.1cm tall© fabreminerals.com


Cuprite 3.3cm tall© fabreminerals.com


In 2010 a fine pocket of Cuprites were encountered at this mine and many fine specimen were present at the Denver Gem and Mineral show. The Cuprites were predominately octahedrons and quite black and shiny. I saw one fine crystals that must have been at least six cm and heard roomers of larger crystals. Many of the specimens were associated with little blebs of crystallized silver and some with Marshite. There were hundreds of specimens to choose from. Good TNs were in the $200 plus range and good miniatures usually started in the $1000 plus range.
[Rock Currier 2010]


Cuprite
UK
England, Cornwall, Liskeard District, Caradon & Phoenix Area (South-Eastern Bodmin Moor), Linkinhorne, Wheal Phoenix (Phoenix United Mine; West Phoenix Mine)

Cuprite 5cm tall© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 4cm tall© Crystal Vine
Cuprite ~6cm wide©


Cuprite ~9cm wide©
Cuprite, large xl ~2cm©


Cuprite ~4cm, labeled as Liskeard dist.©


Historically the best specimens from this mine were considered the worlds best and rivaled only by those from Bisbee, Arizona, USA. The one pictured at the top of this article is considered by many to be perhaps the best Cuprite that was produced from this mine.


Cuprite
UK
England, Cornwall, Liskeard District, Caradon & Phoenix Area (South-Eastern Bodmin Moor), St Cleer, South Caradon Mine

Cuprite ~4cm tall© Ian Jones



Cuprite
UIK
Cornwall, Camborne - Redruth - St Day District, Gwennap area, Wheal Gorland, St Day United Mines (Poldice Mines)

Cuprite, silly coin for scale© J.Ralph 2001
Cuprite 12cm tall© J.Ralph 2001


Jolyon promises better pictures.



Cuprite
UK
England, Cornwall, St Austell District, Tywardreath, Par Area, Fowey Consols (Wheals Treasure; Fortune; Chance; Polharmon; Lanescot)

Cuprite var. chalcotrichite ~9cm wide©



Cuprite
UK
England, Cornwall, St Just District, Botallack - Pendeen Area, Botallack, Botallack Mine, Wheal Hazard (Hazard Section)

Cuprite on Copper ~7cm tall© G.E.G.M - FRANCE



Cuprite
UK
England, Leicestershire, Stanton under Bardon, New Cliffe Hill Quarry

Cuprite crystal ~3mm© Colleen Thomson


Usually we would not include pictures of 3mm cuprite crystals here, but I have it on good authority that this is an important cuprite locality and Jolyon has promised better pictures to substantiate this claim.


Cuprite
USA
Arizona, Cochise Co., Mule Mts, Warren District, Bisbee

Cuprite ~9cm wide©
Cuprite ~4cm wide©


Cuprite 3.5cm tall©
Cuprite v. chalcotrichite 5cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite ~5cm wide© Rob Lavinsky


For many years the Cuprites from Bisbee were considered the only real rival to those from England. Louis Gratacap in his A Popular Guide to Minerals says about the Cuprites in the Bement collection: "The Arizona specimens are fine and sometimes give a patriot a pardonable thrill of pride in their flattering comparison with their famous English competitors."


Cuprite
USA
Arizona, Cochise Co., Mule Mts, Warren District, Bisbee, Southwest Mine

Cuprite on Malachite ~4cm wide?© J.Ralph



Cuprite
USA
Arizona, Gila Co., Dripping Spring Mts, Banner District, Christmas area, Christmas, Christmas Mine (Red Bird shafts; Inspiration Mine; Hackberry shafts), Christmas open pit

Cuprite, Kinoite, Gilalite FOV 3.5mm© Michael D. Cline



Cuprite
USA
Arizona, Gila Co., Globe-Miami District, Globe Hills District, Globe Hills, Burch, Pinal Creek, Original Old Dominion Mine (Keystone Mine; Keystone deposit; Keystone vein; Original Old Dominion vein)

Cuprite coating Copper 4cm tall© Rob Lavinsky



Cuprite
USA
Arizona, Pinal Co., Dripping Spring Mts, Mineral Creek District (Ray District), Ray

Cuprite ~2cm wide© Michael Cline
Cuprite 5.5cm wide© Michael Cline


Cuprite on Copper 4cm tall© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 3.8cm tall© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite 1.7cm wide©
Cuprite, micro© Fontana Gianluca


Cuprite
USA
Arizona, Yavapai Co., Eureka District, Bagdad

Cuprite 1.5cm wide© 2006 Peter Cristofono



Cuprite
USA
Nevada, Elko Co., Mountain City District, Rio Tinto mine (Mountain City Copper mine)

Cuprite on Copper 4.7cm tall© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite on Copper 5cm tall© Rob Lavinsky


Cuprite
USA
New Mexico, Grant Co., Santa Rita District, Santa Rita
Cuprite ~6.5cm tall©



Cuprite
USA
New Mexico, Grant Co., Santa Rita District, Santa Rita, Chino Mine (Santa Rita Pit; Santa Rita Mine)


Cuprite & Copper 10.5cm tall© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 3.8cm tall© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals


Cuprite on Copper 3.6cm tall© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals
Cuprite 7.4cm wide© Rob Lavinsky
Cuprite 20.cm wide© Dan & Diana Weinrich Minerals






Click here to view Best Minerals C and here for Best Minerals A to Z and here for Fast Navigation of all Best Minerals articles.




Rock Currier
Crystals not pistols.



Edited 42 time(s). Last edit at 11/20/2010 05:44AM by Rock Currier.
avatar Re: Cuprite
November 28, 2010 09:02AM
au    
Hey Rock,

One other Australian locality for nice Cuprite crystals is the Great Australia Mine, Cloncurry district, Queensland, Australia.

A couple of specimens that both halves of a vug I opened some time back are;

© Andrew Tuma

© Andrew Tuma

I hope these help,

Andrew Tuma
avatar Re: Cuprite
November 28, 2010 09:48PM
Andrew,
I really dislike putting images of close up portions of specimens in the best minerals articles. Do you have a picture of the entire specimen? When you can see the entire specimen I then sometimes put a picture of a close up section of it with the full view. If someone showed you a picture of a closeup section of a specimen and said, "Tell me what this specimen is worth." what would you tell them. You would say, well show me a picture of the entire specimen, right? It is sort of like that on best minerals. We prefer to see the entire specimen. Without that it impossible to evaluate the specimen and one of the fundamental goals of best minerals is to allow people to evaluate the specimens themselves. I will break that rule for exceptional images of micromounts. If this is a good locality for Cuprites, it must have produced many more specimens that are shown in Mindat's image bank. How good did the Cuprites from the Great Australia Mine here get? How many were produced? How big did the crystals get? Geology and history of the place etc. I really don't know anything about the place. And since you appear to know, I cant resist the opportunity to try and capture this information for mindat.

Rock Currier
Crystals not pistols.
avatar Re: Cuprite
September 10, 2012 11:29PM
de    
Rock,

I have questioned the locality of the Wheal Hazard cuprite a while ago. This is far too good to have come from the St Just District. The post-mining cementation coppers with small cuprite crystals that came out of Geevor Mine about 20 years ago (deposited by interaction of copper-rich mine waters with iron railings), are among the better cuprites found around St Just, but compared to this specimen, they are still very poor. Association, matrix and quality suggest that the specimen is either from the Phoenix-Caradon area or from the Gwennap area. It has now just "Cornwall" as its locality.

Also, the Virneberg Mine has procuced large and rich chalcotrichite specimens that easily rival the best Cornish specimens. Even if we don't have photos, this should be mentioned somewhere.
avatar Re: Cuprite
September 11, 2012 04:04AM
us    
Hi Rock, I know the photo quality does not meet the Best Minerals requirements, but it is the only photo I have seen of thise. We all know about the cuprites from ... and the copper after cuprite from the same locality. But the cuprite after copper after cuprites pieces are just amazing. Maybe someone has a better photo, this was taken at the Ste Marie Aux Mines show in bad lighting among lots of jostling.

Cuprite after copper after cuprite©


Bob
Re: Cuprite
September 11, 2012 09:44AM
cz    
Hi Rock,
small contribution to your topic - cuprite from Czech republic [www.mindat.org]
loc. [www.mindat.org]

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