Similar supergene occurrences occur at Lueshe and Bingo (D.R. Congo), Mabounié (Gabon), Sukulu (Uganda)...date, all major operating and former (Oka, Fen, Lueshe) Nb mines have been developed in primary carbonatites...only operating Nb mine in under-saturated peralkaline syenites is the Karnasurt mine (Kremenetsky et al...units presents in carbonatites e.g. the Loolekop mine at Phalaborwa (Fig. 250 of Woolley, 2001), Catalão-I...(Parsons, 1961; Pell, 1996) and a low grade niobium mine was operated by St. Lawrence Columbium at Oka (Quebec) |