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Improving Mindat.orgWad?
16th Jan 2007 14:14 UTCCarlos Calvet
In my opinion, this photo has been placed erroneously as Wad: Above kind of Manganese Nodules are found at the bottom of active oceans and are of vulcanic origin. On the contrary, what the swedish miners called Wad, is of hydrothermal origin and no nodule! Wad would dissolve under oceanic conditions. Manganese Nodules do not!
Carlos
16th Jan 2007 15:06 UTCPeter Andresen Expert
"A generic name for (often poorly crystalline) soft Manganese Oxides/Hydroxides, often containing significant amounts of hydroxides/oxides of other metals (Iron, Barium, etc.) "
In "The manual of mineralogy" (Klein & Hurlbut, after Dana):
"Wad is the name given to manganese ore composed of an impure mixture of hydrous manganese oxides."
Nothing is mentioned about how it's formed, so it can very well be used on manganese nodules.
Peter
16th Jan 2007 15:06 UTCDavid Von Bargen Manager
16th Jan 2007 15:23 UTCjacques jedwab
16th Jan 2007 16:04 UTCCarlos Calvet
Cronan, D. S. (1980). Underwater Minerals. London: Academic Press.
Cronan, D. S. (2000). Handbook of Marine Mineral Deposits. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Cronan, D. S. (2001). "Manganese nodules." p. 1526-1533 in Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, J. Steele, K. Turekian and S. Thorpe, eds. San Diego: Academic Press.
Earney, F.C. (1990). Marine Mineral Resources. London: Routledge.
Roy, S. (1981). Manganese Deposits. London: Academic Press.
Teleki, P.G., M.R. Dobson, J.R. Moore and U. von Stackelberg (eds). (1987). Marine Minerals: Advances in Research and Resource Assessment. Dordrecht: D. Riedel.
as:
"Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are rock concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core."
I am Biologist, and especially Marine Biologist, and I have read a lot about Manganese Nodules. They are exclusively of marine habitat and shall never be misinterpreted as non-marine Wad that, under circumstances, could ressemble those vulcanically originated nodules from the bottom of the sea. Further, marine nodules are often very young (beginning with approx. 10-100 or 1000 years only after submarine vulcanic activity, while Wad is often very old (millions of years). Both are hydrothermal, but the medium of the former is hot marine water around a +/- recent vulcano, while the medium of the latter is almost melted rock due to hydrothermal activity in a more ancient vulcano.
Carlos
16th Jan 2007 16:10 UTCAlfredo Petrov Manager
17th Jan 2007 08:35 UTCCarlos Calvet
Carlos
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Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: May 10, 2024 14:20:12