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Lyncina

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	10080	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=10080

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Lyncina

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Gastropoda	Cuvier 1797
superorder	Hypsogastropoda
infraorder	Littorinimorpha	Golikov and Starobogtov 1975
superfamily	Cypraeoidea
family	Cypraeidae	Rafinesque 1815
subfamily	Luriinae	Schilder 1832
genus	Lyncina	(Troschel 1863)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Lyncina	subgenus	belongs to Cypraea	stated without evidence	Troschel, 1863
Lyncina	genus	belongs to Cypraeidae	stated with evidence	Cossmann, 1903
Lyncina	subgenus	belongs to Cypraea	stated with evidence	MacNeil, 1960
Lyncina	subgenus	belongs to Cypraea	stated without evidence	Okutaini, 2000
Lyncina	genus	belongs to Neotaenioglossa	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Lyncina	genus	belongs to Luriinae	stated with evidence	Meyer, 2003
Lyncina	genus	belongs to Cypraeinae	stated with evidence	Dolin and Lozouet, 2004
Lyncina	genus	belongs to Luriinae	stated with evidence	Soriano, 2006
Lyncina	genus	belongs to Cypraeidae	stated without evidence	Yates, 2009

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

10 (50%)

First Recorded Appearance

59.2 - 56.0 Ma
Paleocene

Motility

actively mobile (based on Cypraeidae)

Vision

limited (based on Gastropoda)

Diet

omnivore, grazer (based on Cypraeidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Gastropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

H. S. Ladd. 1977. Cenozoic fossil mollusks from Western Pacific Islands; Gastropods (Eratoidae through Harpidae). United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 533:1-84

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Lyncina (Callistocypraea) subgenus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Cypraea (Lyncina) lynx species	listed (PBDB)		10	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Cypraea (Lyncina) porteri species	listed (PBDB)		1	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Cypraea (Lyncina) schilderorum species	listed (PBDB)		2	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Cypraea (Lyncina) vitellus species	listed (PBDB)		6	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Lyncina amygdalina ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	59.2 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Lyncina camelopardalis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Lyncina carneola species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Purple-mouthed Cowry	24	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Lyncina cingulata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Lyncina eristicos ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Lyncina imperialis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Lyncina leviathan species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Lyncina maestratii ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	28.1 Ma Oligocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Lyncina magnifica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	23.0 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Lyncina miopropinqua ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Lyncina peyroti ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Lyncina praecedens ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Lyncina tumida ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	23.0 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1863	Cypraea (Lyncina) Troschel
1903	Lyncina Cossmann p. 27
1960	Cypraea (Lyncina) MacNeil p. 50
1977	Cypraea (Lyncina) Ladd p. 19
2000	Cypraea (Lyncina) Okutaini
2002	Lyncina Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Lyncina Meyer
2004	Lyncina Dolin and Lozouet p. 11
2006	Lyncina Soriano p. 44
2009	Lyncina Yates p. 27

References

Ladd H. S. (1977) Cenozoic fossil mollusks from Western Pacific Islands; Gastropods (Eratoidae through Harpidae), United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 533, 1-84

Cossmann M. (1903) , Essais de Paléoconchologie comparée 5, 1-215

MacNeil F. S. (1960) Tertiary and Quaternary Gastropoda of Okinawa: A comparison of the late Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene Gastropoda of Okinawa with related faunas of East Asia together with a resume of the geological setting of the fossiliferous deposits, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 339, 1-148

Okutaini T. (2000) , Marine mollusks of Japan, 1-1173

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Meyer C. P. (2003) Molecular systematics of cowries (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae) and diversification patterns in the tropics, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 79 3, 401-459 doi:10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00197.x

Dolin L., Lozouet P. (2004) Nouvelles espèces de Gastéropodes (Mollusca: Gastropoda) de l’Oligocène et du Miocène inférieur de l’Aquitaine (Sud-Ouest de la France). Partie 3. Cypraeidae et Ovulidae, Cossmanniana hors série 4, 1-164

Soriano J. L. (2006) Consideraciones taxonómicas sobre la familia Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815 (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda), con una nueva propuesta de clasificación supragenérica, Spira 2 1, 41-62

Yates A. M. (2009) The oldest South Australian cowries (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae) from the Paleogene of the St Vincent Basin, Alcheringa 33 1, 23-31 doi:10.1080/03115510802618219

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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