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Pachyrhizodus ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	121378	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=121378

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Crossognathiformes : Pachyrhizodontidae : Pachyrhizodus

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
-	Teleostei
order	Crossognathiformes	Taverne 1989
family	Pachyrhizodontidae	Cope 1872
genus	Pachyrhizodus	Agassiz 1850

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Sphyraenidae	stated with evidence	Dixon, 1850
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Elopidae	stated with evidence	Woodward, 1901
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Pachyrhizodontidae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Pachyrhizodontoidea	stated without evidence	Applegate, 1970
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Pachyrhizodontidae	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Pachyrhizodontidae	stated with evidence	Shimada et al., 2006
Pachyrhizodus	genus	belongs to Pachyrhizodontidae	stated without evidence	Cumbaa et al., 2006

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

113 - 94 Ma
Cretaceous

Last Recorded Appearance

66.0 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Crossognathiformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Crossognathiformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

F. Dixon. 1850. The Geology and Fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous Formations of Sussex

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pachyrhizodus basalis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrhizodus caninus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	13	86.3 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pachyrhizodus curvatus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrhizodus dibleyi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrhizodus kingi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	86.3 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	86.3 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pachyrhizodus latimentum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrhizodus leptognathus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrhizodus leptopsis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrhizodus minimus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	8	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Raphiosaurus subulidens ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pachyrhizodus velox ✝ species	listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1850	Pachyrhizodus Agassiz p. 374
1850	Pachyrhizodus Dixon p. 374
1901	Pachyrhizodus Woodward p. 37
1902	Pachyrhizodus Hay p. 387
1970	Pachyrhizodus Applegate p. 406
1981	Pachyrhizodus Thurmond and Jones p. 90
2006	Pachyrhizodus Cumbaa et al. p. 150
2006	Pachyrhizodus Shimada et al. p. 25

References

Dixon F. , The Geology and Fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous Formations of Sussex, xvi-422

Woodward A. S. (1901) , Catalogue of Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural History), Part IV, 1-636

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Applegate S. P. (1970) The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama, Fieldiana: Geology Memoires 3 8, 385-433

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Cumbaa S. L., Schröder-Adams C., et al (2006) Cenomanian bonebed faunas from the northeastern margin, Western Interior Seaway, Late Cretaceous Vertebrates from the Western Interior. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 35, 139-155

Shimada K., Schumacher B. A., et al (2006) Fossil marine vertebrates from the lowermost Greenhorn Limestone (Upper Cretaceous: Middle Cenomanian) in southeastern Colorado, Journal of Paleontology 80 sp 63, 1-45

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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