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Ophidiidae

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	133543	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=133543

Rank

family (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Ophidiiformes : Ophidiidae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
-	Teleostei
-	Osteoglossocephalai
-	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
-	Euteleosteomorpha
-	Neoteleostei	Rosen 1973
-	Eurypterygia
-	Ctenosquamata
-	Acanthomorphata
-	Euacanthomorphacea
-	Percomorphaceae
-	Ophidiimorpharia
order	Ophidiiformes	Berg 1937
suborder	Ophidioidei
family	Ophidiidae	Rafinesque 1810

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidiiformes	stated without evidence	Jordan, 1963
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidioidae	stated with evidence	Frizzell and Dante, 1965
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidiiformes	stated without evidence	Schwarzhans, 2003
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidioidei	stated with evidence	Betancur-R et al., 2013
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidiiformes	stated without evidence	Bannikov, 2014
Ophidiidae	family	invalid subgroup of Ophidiiformes	stated without evidence	Carnevale et al., 2014
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidiiformes	stated without evidence	Lin et al., 2017
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidioidei	stated without evidence	Lin et al., 2017
Ophidiidae	family	belongs to Ophidiiformes	stated without evidence	Ebersole et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

15 (29%)

First Recorded Appearance

72.1 - 66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ophidiiformes)

Diet

carnivore, parasite (based on Ophidiiformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

D. L. Frizzell and J. H. Dante. 1965. Otoliths of some early Cenozoic fishes of the Gulf Coast. Journal of Paleontology 39(4):687-718

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Neobythitinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)	42	61.6 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Sirembinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	16	61.6 Ma Paleocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Aequalobythites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Bassozetus genus	listed (PBDB)	1	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Chilara genus	listed (PBDB)	2	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Genypterus genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Hoplobrotuloides ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Lepophidium genus	listed (PBDB)	13	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Nolfophidion ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ophidiidarum ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	17	61.6 Ma Paleocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Ophidion genus	listed (PBDB)	11	41.3 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Otophidium genus	listed (PBDB)	4	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Sirembola ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1810	Ophidiidae Rafinesque
1859	Ophidium voltianum Massalongo
1963	Ophidiidae Jordan p. 737
1965	Ophidiidae Frizzell and Dante p. 708
2003	Ophidiidae Schwarzhans p. 65
2011	Ophidiidae Schwarzhans and Bratischko p. 92

Year	Name and Author
2012	Ophidiidae Fierstine et al. p. 75
2013	Ophidiidae Betancur-R. et al.
2014	Ophidiidae Bannikov p. 26
2017	Ophidiidae Lin et al. p. 11
2017	Ophidiidae Lin et al. p. 890
2019	Ophidiidae Ebersole et al. p. 197

References

Frizzell D. L., Dante J. H. (1965) Otoliths of some early Cenozoic fishes of the Gulf Coast, Journal of Paleontology 39 4, 687-718

Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816

Schwarzhans W. (2003) Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2, 1-94

Schwarzhans W., Bratischko A. (2011) The otoliths from the middle Paleocene of Luzanivka (Cherkasy district, Ukraine), Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 261 1, 83-110

Fierstine H. L., Huddleston R. W., et al (2012) Catalog of the Neogene bony fishes of California: A ystematic inventory of all published accounts, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 159, 1-206

Betancur-R. R., Broughton R. E., et al (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes, PLOS Currents Tree of Life doi:10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288

Bannikov A. F. (2014) The systematic composition of the Eocene actinopterygian fish fauna from Monte Bolca, northern Italy, as known to date, Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca, XV - Miscellanea paleontologica 12, 23-34

Lin C.-H., Brzobohaty R., et al (2017) Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance, European Journal of Taxonomy 322, 1-44 doi:10.5852/ejt.2017.322

Lin C.-H., Nolf D., et al (2017) Fish otoliths from the Lutetian of the Aquitaine Basin (SW France), a breakthrough in the knowledge of the European Eocene ichthyofauna, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 15 11, 879-907 doi:10.1080/14772019.2016.1246112

Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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