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Merluccius

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	35725	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35725

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Gadiformes : Merlucciidae : Merluccius

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
-	Teleostei
-	Osteoglossocephalai
-	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
-	Euteleosteomorpha
-	Neoteleostei	Rosen 1973
-	Eurypterygia
-	Ctenosquamata
-	Acanthomorphata
-	Paracanthomorphacea
-	Zeiogadaria
-	Gadariae
order	Gadiformes	Goodrich 1909
suborder	Gadoidei
family	Merlucciidae	Gill 1884
genus	Merluccius	Rafinesque 1810

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Gadidae	stated without evidence	Pauca, 1929
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Merluccidae	stated without evidence	Purdy et al., 2001
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Gadiformes	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Merlucciidae	stated with evidence	Girone et al., 2006
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Merlucciidae	stated without evidence	Fierstine et al., 2012
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Merlucciinae	stated without evidence	Lin et al., 2017
Merluccius	genus	belongs to Merluccidae	stated without evidence	Carnevale and Godfrey, 2018

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

3 (27%)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Gadiformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Gadiformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Merluccius athanasiui ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Merluccius bilinearis species	listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Merluccius inferus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Merluccius lednevi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	28.1 Ma Oligocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Merluccius macroactus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Merluccius merluccius species	listed (PBDB)	European Hake	7	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Merluccius ovalis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Merluccius productus species	listed (PBDB)		1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Merluccius pukeuriensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	19.0 Ma Miocene	19.0 Ma Miocene
Merluccius rattazzii ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1810	Merluccius Rafinesque
1929	Merluccius Pauca p. 32
1960	Merluccius Danil'chenko p. 67
1983	Merluccius Fitch and Lavenberg p. 512
1983	Merluccius Nolf and Steurbaut p. 164
2001	Merluccius Purdy et al. p. 166

Year	Name and Author
2002	Merluccius Sepkoski, Jr.
2006	Merluccius Girone et al. p. 656
2012	Merluccius Fierstine et al. p. 69
2017	Merluccius Lin et al. p. 10
2018	Merluccius Carnevale and Godfrey p. 169

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Pauca M. (1929) Vorläufige mitteilung über eine fossile fischfauna aus den Oligozänschiefern von Sulanesti, Muscel, Academia Romana 12 4-5, 26-34

Danil'chenko P. G. (1960) Bony fishes of the Maikop deposits of the Caucasus, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 78, 1-247

Fitch J. E., Lavenberg R. J. (1983) Teleost fish otoliths from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina (Yorktown Formation: Pliocene), Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 53, 509-529

Nolf D., Steurbaut E. (1983) Revision des otolithes de teleosteens du Tortonien stratotypique et de Montegibbio (Miocene Superieur d'Italie Septentrionale), Mededelingen van de Werkgroep voor Tertiaire en Kwartaire Geologie 20 4, 143-197

Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202

Girone A., Nolf D., et al (2006) Pleistocene fish otoliths from the Mediterranean Basin: a synthesis, Geobios 39, 651-671

Fierstine H. L., Huddleston R. W., et al (2012) Catalog of the Neogene bony fishes of California: A ystematic inventory of all published accounts, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 159, 1-206

Lin C.-H., Brzobohaty R., et al (2017) Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance, European Journal of Taxonomy 322, 1-44 doi:10.5852/ejt.2017.322

Carnevale G., Godfrey S. J. (2018) Miocene Bony Fishes of the Calvert, Choptank, St. Marys, and Eastover Formations, Chesapeake Group, Maryland and Virginia, Smithsonian Contribution to Paleobiology, 161-212

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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