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Squatina
| Description | The angelsharks are a group of sharks in the genus Squatina of the family Squatinidae. They commonly inhabit sandy seabeds close to 150m in depth. Many species are now classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Once common over large areas of the Northeast Atlantic from Norway, Sweden, Morocco, and the Canary Islands, to the Mediterranean and Black Seas, there is now significant fishing pressure which has resulted in significant population declines. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatina, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | genus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squatina | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squatina | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Squatina Duméril, 1806 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | Duméril, André M. C. 1806. Zoologie analytique, ou méthode naturelle de classification des animaux. , Paris.: i-xxxiii, 1-344. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 2 (11%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 164 - 157 Ma Jurassic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine (based on Vertebrata) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Squatiniformes) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | carnivore (based on Squatiniformes) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | phosphatic (based on Vertebrata) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | カスザメ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatina |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Squatina aculeata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina africana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina albipunctata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina alifera ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 156 Ma Jurassic | 156 Ma Jurassic | |
| Squatina angeloides species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 33.9 Ma Oligocene | 28.1 Ma Oligocene | |
| Squatina argentina species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina armata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina australis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina baumbergensis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Squatina caillieti species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina californica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina cranei species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Squatina crassidens ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Squatina david species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina decipiens species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Squatina dumeril species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Squatina formosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina frequens ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 156 Ma Jurassic | 156 Ma Jurassic | |
| Squatina gippslandicus ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 20.4 Ma Miocene | |
| Squatina guggenheim species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina hassei species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 18 | 85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Squatina havreensis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Squatina heteroptera species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina japonica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina legnota species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina lerichei ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 28.1 Ma Oligocene | 16.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Squatina mexicana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina mulleri ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Squatina nebulosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina occidentalis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 13.8 Ma Miocene | |
| Squatina occulta species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina oculata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina prima ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 19 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 37.2 Ma Eocene | |
| Squatina pseudocellata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina punctata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina speciosa ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Squatina squatina species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Squatina tergocellata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Squatina tergocellatoides species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Thaumas alifera species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Trigonodus primus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Obsolete Names
| Name | Source | Taxon Rank | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rhina Klein, 1776 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Rhina |
| Rhina Rafinesque, 1810 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Rhina |
| Squalraia De la Pylaie, 1835 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squalraia |
| Rhina Gill, 1862 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Rhina |
| Squatina Risso, 1810 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squatina |
| Rhina Schaeffer, 1760 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Rhina |
| Rhina Walbaum, 1792 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Rhina |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1806 | Squatina Dumeril |
| 1889 | Squatina Woodward p. 65 |
| 1904 | Squatina Case p. 74 |
| 1904 | Squatina Eastman p. 71 |
| 1919 | Squatina Jordan and Gilbert p. 23 |
| 1923 | Squatina Jordan and Hanibal p. 58 |
| 1924 | Squatina Chapman and Cudmore p. 136 |
| 1926 | Squatina Bohm p. 81 |
| 1926 | Squatina White p. 41 |
| 1942 | Squatina Leriche p. 55 |
| 1963 | Squatina Jordan p. 602 |
| 1966 | Squatina Cassier p. 57 |
| 1981 | Squatina Case p. 67 |
| 1983 | Squatina Thies p. 41 |
| 1988 | Squatina Case and Schwimmer p. 294 |
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1992 | Squatina Long p. 20 |
| 1993 | Squatina Biddle p. 199 |
| 1998 | Squatina Yabe and Hirayama p. 39 |
| 2001 | Squatina Peng et al. p. 10 |
| 2001 | Squatina Purdy et al. p. 97 |
| 2002 | Squatina Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2002 | Squatina Underwood |
| 2009 | Squatina Cicimurri and Knight p. 629 |
| 2013 | Squatina Underwood and Schlogl p. 490 |
| 2014 | Squatina Carillo-Briceño et al. p. 82 |
| 2015 | Squatina Case et al. p. 1121 |
| 2017 | Squatina Hastings and Dooley p. 83 |
| 2017 | Squatina Szabo et al. |
| 2018 | Squatina Kent p. 60 |
| 2019 | Squatina Landini et al. p. 355 |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
