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Chirotheriidae ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3239011	https://www.gbif.org/species/3239011
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	64084	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=64084

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Chirotheriidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Chirotheriidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
-	Pseudosuchia
family	Chirotheriidae	Abel 1935

Scientific Name

Chirotheriidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Chirotheriidae	family	belongs to Pseudosuchia	stated with evidence	Peabody, 1948
Chirotheriidae	family	belongs to Pseudosuchia	stated without evidence	Bock, 1952
Chirotheriidae	family	belongs to Ornithosuchoidea	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1964
Chirotheriidae	family	belongs to Pseudosuchia	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1966
Chirotheriidae	family	belongs to Thecodontia	stated without evidence	Gand, 1974
Chirotheriidae	family	belongs to Pseudosuchia	stated without evidence	Calvo, 2007

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

247 - 242 Ma
Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

247 - 242 Ma
Triassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Diapsida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Pseudosuchia)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

D. Baird. 1957. Triassic reptile footprint faunules from Milford, New Jersey. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 117(5):449-520

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Brachychirotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	78	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Chirotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	136	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Isochirotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	44	252 Ma Permian	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Pachysaurichnium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Parasynaptichnium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Protochirotherium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	252 Ma Permian	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Sauropodopus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Synaptichnium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	27	252 Ma Permian	201 Ma Early Jurassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Deuterosauropodopus minor (Ellenberger, 1970)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : *Deuterosauropodopus minor*
Chirotheridae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Chirotheridae
Thecodontichnus fucinii Huene, 1941	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : *Thecodontichnus fucinii*
Brachychirotherium minor (Ellenberger, 1970)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : *Brachychirotherium minor*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1935	Chirotheriidae Abel p. 67
1941	Thecodontichnus fucinii Huene p. 5–6
1948	Chirotheriidae Peabody p. 340
1952	Chirotheriidae Bock p. 410
1957	Chirotheriidae Baird p. 473
1958	Thecodontichnus fucinii Kuhn p. 23
1959	Thecodontichnus fucinii Schmidt p. 105
1963	Chirotheriidae Kuhn p. 67
1963	Thecodontichnus fucinii Kuhn p. 88
1964	Shimmelia Casamiquela p. 139
1964	Shimmelia chirotheroides Casamiquela pp. 139-140 figs. Pl. XV, XVI
1964	Chirotheriidae Kuhn p. 320
1966	Chirotheriidae Kuhn p. 75

Year	Name and Author
1969	Chirotheriidae Haubold p. 91
1970	Deuterosauropodopus minor Ellenberger p. 346
1972	Deuterosauropodopus minor Ellenberger p. 90
1974	Chirotheriidae Gand p. 8
1975	Shimmelia Casamiquela p. 558
1975	Shimmelia chirotheroides Casamiquela p. 558
1980	Thecodontichnus fucinii Tongiorgi p. 81
1981	Shimmelia chirotheroides Leonardi p. 931
1984	Brachychirotherium minor Olsen and Galton p. 96 fig. 3
2007	Chirotheridae Calvo p. 318
2007	Shimmelia Calvo p. 318
2007	Shimmelia chirotheroides Calvo p. 318–319

References

Baird D. (1957) Triassic reptile footprint faunules from Milford, New Jersey, Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 117 5, 449-520

Huene F. v. (1941) Die Tetrapoden-Fährten im toskanischen Verrucano und ihre Bedeutung [The tetrapod trakcs in Tuscan Verrucano and their meaning], Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, Beilage-Band, Abteilung B 1941, 1-34

Peabody F. E. (1948) Reptile and amphibian trackways from the Lower Triassic Moenkopi formation of Arizona and Utah, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 27 8, 295-468

Bock W. (1952) Triassic reptilian tracks and trends of locomotive evolution, Journal of Paleontology 26 3, 395-433

Kuhn O. (1958) , Die Fährten der vorzeitlichen Amphibien und Reptilien [The Tracks of Prehistoric Amphibians and Reptiles], 1-64

Schmidt H. (1959) Die Cornberger Fährten im Rahmen der Vierfüssler-Entwicklung [The Cornberger tracks as part of the evolution of quadrupeds], Abhandlungen des Hessischen Landesamtes für Bodenforschung 28, 1-137

Kuhn O. (1963) Pars 101. Ichnia Tetrapodorum, In F. Westphal (ed.), Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Ysel Press, Deventer, Netherlands, 1-176

Casamiquela R. M. (1964) , Estudios Icnológicos. Gobierno de la Provincia de Río Negro, Ministerior de Asuntos Sociales, Buenos Aires, 1-229

Kuhn O. (1964) Ungelöste Probleme der Stammesgeschichte der Amphibien und Reptilien [Unsolved problems of the phylogeny of amphibians and reptiles], Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 118/119, 293-325

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Haubold H. (1969) Die Evolution der Archosaurier in der Trias aus der Sicht ihrer Fährten [The evolution of archosaurs in the Triassic from the perspective of their tracks], Hercynia 6 1, 90-106

Ellenberger P. (1970) Les niveaux paléontologiques de première apparition des mammifères primoridaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg du Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias Supérieur à Jurassique) [The paleontological levels of the first appearance of primordial mammals in southern Africa and their ichnology. Establishment of detailed stratigraphic zones in the Stormberg of Lesotho (southern Africa) (Upper Triassic to Jurassic)., In: S. H. Haughton (ed.), Second Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy and Paleontology, International Union of Geological Sciences. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 343-370

Ellenberger P. (1972) Contribution à la classification des Pistes de Vertébrés du Trias: Les types du Stormberg d’Afrique du Sud (I) [Contribution to the classification of Triassic vertebrate footprints: the types from the Stormberg of South Africa (I)], Palaeovertebrata Mem. Ext. 1972, 1-152

Gand G. (1974) Les traces de vertébrés triasiques de l’Autunois et du Nord du Charollais [Triassic vertebrate traces from the Autunois and the northern Charollais], Bulletin Trimestriel de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle et des Amis du Muséum d'Autun 69, 7-24

Casamiquela R. M. (1975) Nuevo material y reinterpretacion de las icnitas Mesozoicas (Neotriasicas) de Los Menucos, Provincia de Río Negro (Patagonia) [New material and reinterpretation of Mesozoic (Upper Triassic) ichnites from Los Menucos, Río Negro Province (Patagonia)], Actas del Primer Congreso Argentino de Paleontologia y Bioestratigrafia 1, 555-580

Tongiorgi M. (1980) Orme di tetrapodi di Monti Pisani [Tetrapod footprints from Monti Pisani], I Vertebrati Fossili Italiani, 77-84

Leonardi G. (1981) As localidades com rastros fósseis de tetrápodes na América Latina [Localities with fossil tetrapod tracks in Latin America], Anais II Congresso Latino-Americano de Paleontologia 2, 929-940

Olsen P. E., Galton P. M. (1984) A review of the reptile and amphibian assemblages from the Stormberg of southern Africa, with special emphasis on the footprints and the age of the Stormberg, Palaeontologia Africana 25, 87-110

Calvo J. O. (2007) Ichnology, Patagonian Mesozoic Reptiles, 314-334

Marine Science Institute, UCSB: Paleobiology Data - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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