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Plectorthidae ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Hebertella sp.

Indiana, USA

Hebertella sp.

Indiana, USA

Hebertella sp.

Indiana, USA

Hebertella sp.

Indiana, USA

Hebertella sp.

Indiana, USA

Hebertella sp.

Indiana, USA

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3251939	https://www.gbif.org/species/3251939
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	86570	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=86570

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Plectorthidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Orthida	Schuchert and Cooper 1932
suborder	Orthidina	Schuchert and Cooper 1932
superfamily	Plectorthoidea	Schuchert and Le Vene 1929
family	Plectorthidae	Schuchert and Le Vene 1929

Scientific Name

Plectorthidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthacea	stated without evidence	Phleger, 1933
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthacea	stated with evidence	Oraspold, 1956
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthacea	stated without evidence	Neuman, 1964
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthida	stated without evidence	Macomber, 1970
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthacea	stated without evidence	Bassett and Cocks, 1974
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthida	stated without evidence	Mitchell, 1977
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthacea	stated with evidence	Owen and Harper, 1982
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthacea	stated without evidence	Howe, 1988
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthoidea	stated with evidence	Jin and Chatterton, 1997
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Orthoidea	stated without evidence	Popov et al., 2000
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Plectorthoidea	stated with evidence	Williams et al., 2000
Plectorthidae	family	belongs to Plectorthoidea	stated without evidence	Benedetto, 2003

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

501 - 485 Ma
Cambrian

Last Recorded Appearance

431 - 427 Ma
Silurian

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Orthida)

Vision

blind (based on Rhynchonellata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Orthida)

Ecospace Comments

BODY SIZE: Based on component genera; 3 of 3 genera share 10 to < 100 width, inconsistent length.

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. W. Macomber. 1970. Articulate Brachiopods from the Upper Bighorn Formation (Late Ordovician) of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 44(3):416-450

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Orthostrophiinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	11	446 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	431 Ma Silurian
Platystrophiinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Platystrophinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Plectorthinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	7	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	466 Ma Middle Ordovician
Apollonorthis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Ashinaorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Atlantida ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Corineorthis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Desmorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	47	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	458 Ma Middle Ordovician
Doleroides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	113	470 Ma Middle Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Hebertella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	821	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	443 Ma Silurian
Irhirea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kujanorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	466 Ma Middle Ordovician
Lipanorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	485 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Mimella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	215	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Nanorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	105	501 Ma Cambrian	464 Ma Middle Ordovician
Oligorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	485 Ma Cambrian	477 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Paterorthis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Plectorthis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	207	485 Ma Cambrian	443 Ma Silurian
Pseudomimella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	470 Ma Middle Ordovician
Schizophorella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Severginella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1929	Plectorthidae Schuchert and Le Vene
1933	Plectorthidae Phleger, Jr. p. 9
1953	Plectorthidae Alikhova
1956	Plectorthidae Oraspold
1959	Plectorthidae Oraspold
1961	Plectorthidae Rubel
1964	Plectorthidae Neuman
1964	Plectorthidae Rõõmusoks
1964	Plectorthidae Wright
1970	Plectorthidae Macomber

Year	Name and Author
1974	Plectorthidae Bassett and Cocks
1977	Plectorthidae Mitchell
1982	Plectorthidae Owen and Harper
1988	Plectorthidae Howe p. 213
1990	Plectorthidae Potter
1997	Plectorthidae Jin and Chatterton
2000	Plectorthidae Popov et al.
2000	Plectorthidae Williams et al. p. 757
2003	Plectorthidae Benedetto

References

Macomber R. W. (1970) Articulate Brachiopods from the Upper Bighorn Formation (Late Ordovician) of Wyoming, Journal of Paleontology 44 3, 416-450

Phleger, Jr. F. B. (1933) Notes on certain Ordovician faunas of the Inyo Mountains, California, Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 32 1, 1-21

Alikhova T. N. (1953) Rukovodyashchaya fauna brakhiopod ordovikskikh otlozhenij severo-sapadnoy chasti russkoj platformy, Trudy Vsesoyusnogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Geologicheskogo Instituta (VSEBEI) Ministerstva Geologichestii i Okhrany NEDR, 1-127

Oraspold A. L. (1956) New brachiopods from the Jõhvi, Keila and Vasalemma stages, Trudy Instituta geologii AN ESSR 1, 41-67

Oraspold A. (1959) Einige Vertreter der Superfamilie Orthacea des Oberordoviziums Estlands, Tartu Riikliku Ülikooli Toimetised 75, 50-85

Rubel M. (1961) Brakhiopody nadsemejstv Orthacea, Dalmanellacea i Syntrophiacea iz nizhnego ordovika Pribaltiki [Lower Ordovician brachiopods of the superfamilies Orthacea, Dalmanellacea and Syntrophiacea of the Eastern Baltic], Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Instituudi Uurimused 6, 141-224

Neuman R. B. (1964) Fossils in the Ordovician Tuffs Northeastern Maine, with a section on Trilobita by Harry B. Whittington, United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1181 E, 1-38

Rõõmusoks A. (1964) Some Brachiopods from Ordovician Estonia (Nekotorye Brachiopody iz Ordovika Estonii), Tartu Riikliku Ülikooli Toimetised, 1-28

Wright A. D. (1964) The Fauna of the Potrane Limestone, II, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 9 6, 157-256

Bassett M. G., Cocks L. R. M. (1974) A review of Silurian brachiopods from Gotland, Fossils and Strata 3, 1-56

Mitchell W. I. (1977) The Ordovician Brachiopoda from Pomeroy, Co. Tyrone, The Palaeontographical Society Monographs 130 545, 1-138

Owen A. W., Harper D. A. T. (1982) The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region, Norway, 31. The upper Caradoc trilobites and brachiopods from Vestbraten, Ringerike, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 62, 95-120

Howe H. J. (1988) Articulate brachiopods from the Richmondian of Tennessee, Journal of Paleontology 62 2, 204-218

Potter A. W. (1990) Middle and Late Ordovician brachiopods from the eastern Klamath Mountains, northern California, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 212 1-6, 31-158

Jin J., Chatterton B. D. E. (1997) Latest Ordovician-Silurian articulate brachiopods and biostratigraphy of the Avalanche Lake area, southwestern District of Mackenzie, Canada, Palaeontographica Canadiana 13, 1-62

Popov L. E., Nitikin I. F., et al (2000) Late Ordovician brachiopods from the Otar Member of the Chu-Ili Range, south Kazakhstan, Palaeontology 43 5, 833-870

Williams A., Carlson S. J., et al (2000) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part)., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 1-919

Benedetto J. L. (2003) Early Ordovician (Arenig) brachiopods from volcanicalstic rocks of the Famatina Range, northwest Argentina, Journal of Paleontology 77 2, 212-242

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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