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Parastrophinidae ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3252473	https://www.gbif.org/species/3252473
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	125139	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=125139

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Parastrophinidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Pentamerida	Schuchert and Cooper 1931
suborder	Syntrophiidina	Ulrich and Cooper 1936
superfamily	Camerelloidea	Hall and Clarke 1894
family	Parastrophinidae	Ulrich and Cooper 1938

Scientific Name

Parastrophinidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Parastrophinidae	family	belongs to Porambonitacea	stated without evidence	Bassett and Cocks, 1974
Parastrophinidae	family	belongs to Syntrophiidina	stated with evidence	Mitchell, 1977
Parastrophinidae	family	belongs to Porambonitacea	stated with evidence	Owen and Harper, 1982
Parastrophinidae	family	belongs to Camerelloidea	stated without evidence	Popov et al., 2000
Parastrophinidae	family	belongs to Camerelloidea	stated with evidence	Williams et al., 2002
Parastrophinidae	family	belongs to Camerelloidea	stated without evidence	Zhan and Jin, 2005

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

472 - 461 Ma
Ordovician

Last Recorded Appearance

411 - 392 Ma
Devonian

Motility

stationary (based on Pentamerida)

Vision

blind (based on Rhynchonellata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Pentamerida)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

A. Williams, C. H. C. Brunton, and S. J. Carlson, F. Alvarez, R. B. Blodgett, A. J. Boucot, P. Copper, A. S. Dagys, R. E. Grant, Y.-G. Jin, D. I. MacKinnon, M. O. Mancenido, E. F. Owen, J.-Y. Rong, N. M. Savage, D.-L. Sun. 2002. Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volume 4, Rhynchonelliformea (part). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Anastrophia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	141	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Eoanastrophia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Eostrophina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Jolkinia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Liostrophia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	8	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Maydenella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Parastrophina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	91	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	427 Ma Silurian
Parastrophinella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	63	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	427 Ma Silurian
Protanastrophia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	17	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	439 Ma Silurian

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1938	Parastrophinidae Ulrich and Cooper
1974	Parastrophinidae Bassett and Cocks
1977	Parastrophinidae Mitchell
1982	Parastrophinidae Owen and Harper
2000	Parastrophinidae Popov et al.
2002	Parastrophinidae Williams et al. p. 954
2005	Parastrophinidae Popov et al.
2005	Parastrophinidae Zhan and Jin

References

Williams A., Brunton C. H. C., et al (2002) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volume 4, Rhynchonelliformea (part), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 921-1688

Bassett M. G., Cocks L. R. M. (1974) A review of Silurian brachiopods from Gotland, Fossils and Strata 3, 1-56

Mitchell W. I. (1977) The Ordovician Brachiopoda from Pomeroy, Co. Tyrone, The Palaeontographical Society Monographs 130 545, 1-138

Owen A. W., Harper D. A. T. (1982) The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region, Norway, 31. The upper Caradoc trilobites and brachiopods from Vestbraten, Ringerike, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 62, 95-120

Popov L. E., Nitikin I. F., et al (2000) Late Ordovician brachiopods from the Otar Member of the Chu-Ili Range, south Kazakhstan, Palaeontology 43 5, 833-870

Popov L. E., Egerquist E. V. A., et al (2005) Ordovician (Arenig-Caradoc) syntrophiidine brachiopods from the east Baltic region, Palaeontology 48 4, 739-761 doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00487.x

Zhan R.-B., Jin J. (2005) New data on the Foliomena fauna (Brachiopoda) from the Upper Ordovician of South China, Journal of Paleontology 79 4, 670-686

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Museum Victoria KEmu database (Oct 2006) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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