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Avicula

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4374767	https://www.gbif.org/species/4374767
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	84043	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=84043

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Avicula

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Avicula

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

doubtful

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Pteriomorphia
-	Ostreomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Ostreioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Ostreata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Ostreiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Ostreida
suborder	Malleidina	Gray 1854
superfamily	Pterioidea	Gray 1847
family	Pteriidae	Gray 1847
genus	Avicula	Bruguière 1792

Scientific Name

Avicula Bruguière, 1792

Name Published In

Bruguière, Jean G. 1792. Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature : vers, coquilles, mollusques et polypiers. Agasse, Paris. Vol. atlas, t.2: 85-132; pls. 96-189, 107a-c.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Avicula	genus	belongs to Pteriidae	stated with evidence	Tate, 1886
Avicula	genus	belongs to Aviculidae	stated without evidence	Stanton, 1895
Avicula	genus	subjective synonym of Pteria	stated without evidence	Vokes, 1980
Avicula	genus	belongs to Aviculidae	stated without evidence	Bouchet et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (4.9%)

First Recorded Appearance

388 - 383 Ma
Devonian

Environment

coastal,inner shelf,outer shelf,oceanic (based on Pteriidae)

Motility

stationary, attached, epibiont (based on Pteriidae)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Pteriidae)

Ontogeny

accretion (based on Pteriidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite, low Mg calcite,intermediate,minor ribbing, minor spines (based on Pteriidae)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. Tate. 1886. The lamellibranchs of the Older Tertiary of Australia (part 1). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 8:96-158

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Avicula (Oxytoma) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		2	260 Ma Permian	260 Ma Permian
Avicula aculeata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula aequivalvis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula alternans ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula aptiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula arcoidea ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula arcuata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	242 Ma Middle Triassic	197 Ma Early Jurassic
Avicula argenta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula aspera ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		7	237 Ma Middle Triassic	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula atlantica species	listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Avicula azzarola ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula bifrons ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula bittneri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		5	237 Ma Middle Triassic	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula boeckhi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula bronni ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula campaniensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula cardiiformis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula carinthiaca ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula carteroni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula caudata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	242 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula caudataeformis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula cenomanensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula cingulata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Avicula convexa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula corallina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula cornueliana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula cortinensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula cosmeta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula crispata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula custa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula dalailamae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula danae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula decipiens ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula delia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula depressa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula deshayesi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		5	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Avicula destefanoi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		6	242 Ma Middle Triassic	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula difficilis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula dunkeri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Avicula endrissi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula eolis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula eximia species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Avicula falcata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula flicki species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula frechii ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula gainsana ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Avicula gallensteini ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula gansingensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula gastrodes species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula gea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula gessneri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	157 Ma Jurassic
Avicula geyeri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula glaberrima ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula glabra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula globulus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula grabovicensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula gregaria ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula gryphaeoides species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula hallensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula hersilia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula hofmanni ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula homfrayi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula insolita ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula janassia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula janira species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula janiriformis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula janthe species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula japodica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula jarbas species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula jason species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula kautzkyi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula keyserlingi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula kokeni ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	242 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula kossmati ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula kutassyi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula laczkoi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula launsdorfiensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula lebrunii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula leveretti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula levesquei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula lineata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula loomisi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula lorata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula lorieri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula lurida species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula matutinalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula miljacensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Avicula mimas species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula mosquensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula moutoniana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula mucronata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	212 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	212 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula muensteri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Avicula munsteri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula nais species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula nitida ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula nodosa ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula normaniana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula nysa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula obtusa ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula ochotica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Avicula ocyrrhoe species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula ophione species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula opis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula pannonica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	242 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula pellucida ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula plicatostriata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula praetexta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula prasina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula prima species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula problematica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula prosslinensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	242 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula pseudofrederici ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Avicula reticularis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula roguensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Avicula salomoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula seisiana ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	242 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula sinemuriensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	199 Ma Early Jurassic	199 Ma Early Jurassic
Avicula singleyi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula soperi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	222 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula stachii ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Avicula sturoides ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Avicula subplicata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula subretroflexa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula tarentina species	listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Avicula tasmanica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula tofanae ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	242 Ma Middle Triassic	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Avicula trigonata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Avicula wateleti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula whiteavesi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula wissmanni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula wyomingensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Avicula zeuschneri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1791	Avicula Bruguière
1886	Avicula Tate p. 121
1895	Avicula Stanton p. 38
2010	Avicula Bouchet et al.

References

Tate R. The lamellibranchs of the Older Tertiary of Australia (part 1), Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 8, 96-158

Stanton T. W. Contributions to the Cretaceous paleontology of the Pacific coast. : The fauna of the Knoxville, Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 133, 1-132 doi:10.3133/b133

Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201

Vaught, K.C.; Tucker Abbott, R.; Boss, K.J. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne. ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. [developed by uBio, hosted online at MBLWHOI Library]. - via World Register of Marine Species

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000 unverified - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

refer synonym source - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Ency. Méth. (Tabl. Vers.), pl - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000 unverified, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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