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Exogyra β
| Description | Exogyra is an extinct genus of fossil marine oysters in the family Gryphaeidae, the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters. These bivalves grew cemented by the more cupped left valve. The right valve is flatter, and the beak is curved to one side. Exogyra lived on solid substrates in warm seas during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exogyra, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | genus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Exogyra Say, 1820 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | Amer. J. Sci., 2 (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 201 - 197 Ma Early Jurassic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Recorded Appearance | 11.6 - 7.2 Ma Miocene | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine,brackish (based on Ostreida) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | stationary, attached (based on Gryphaeidae) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vision | blind (based on Bivalvia) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | suspension feeder (based on Gryphaeidae) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | low Mg calcite (based on Gryphaeidae) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exogyra |
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exogyra (Aetostreon) β subgenus | listed (PBDB) | 33 | 197 Ma Early Jurassic | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra (Costagyra) β subgenus | listed (PBDB) | 77 | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra (Exogyra) β subgenus | listed (PBDB) | 306 | 199 Ma Early Jurassic | 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra aquillana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra auricularis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra bigoti species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra californica β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Exogyra callophyla β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Exogyra cartledgei species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra clarki species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra columbella species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra contorta β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | |
| Exogyra costata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra cottreaui species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra davidsoni β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 170 Ma Middle Jurassic | 170 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Exogyra drakei species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra ferox species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra fetrox species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra fimbriata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra forniculata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra fragosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra ganhamoroba β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra hilli species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra inornata β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Exogyra lancha β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra miotaurinensis β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 23.0 Ma Miocene | |
| Exogyra mutatoria β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra olisiponensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra ostracina β species | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra overwegi β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 34 | 89.3 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra paupercula species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra plexa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra polygona species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra ponderosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra praevirgula species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra putnami β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 10 | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | 133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra reedi β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 21 | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | 133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra ricardi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra scheibei β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Exogyra sergipensis β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra solea β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Exogyra tamaulipana β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | 140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra tigrina species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra turkestanensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra upatoiensis β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 7 | 86.3 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Exogyra walkeri species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra weatherfordensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra welschi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra wetzleri β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 161 Ma Jurassic | 151 Ma Late Jurassic | |
| Exogyra winchelli species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Exogyra woolmani β species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1820 | Exogyra Say |
| 1926 | Exogyra Bohm p. 59 |
| 1928 | Ostrea (Exogyra) Lees |
| 1980 | Exogyra Vokes p. 64 |
| 2002 | Exogyra Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2010 | Exogyra Bouchet et al. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
Bryan County, Oklahoma, USA