Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time

Minerals by Properties Minerals by Chemistry Advanced Locality Search Random Mineral Random Locality Search by minID Localities Near Me Search Articles Search Glossary More Search Options

The Mindat Manual Add a New Photo Rate Photos Locality Edit Report Coordinate Completion Report Add Glossary Item

Mining Companies Statistics Users Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations Mineral Shows & Events The Mindat Directory Device Settings The Mineral Quiz

Photo Search Photo Galleries Search by Color New Photos Today New Photos Yesterday Members' Photo Galleries Past Photo of the Day Gallery Photography

BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Pseudosphaerexochus ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4633461	https://www.gbif.org/species/4633461
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	21741	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=21741

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Cheiruridae : Pseudosphaerexochus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
class	Trilobita	Walch 1771
order	Phacopida	Salter 1864
suborder	Cheirurina	Harrington and Leanza 1957
family	Cheiruridae	Hawle and Corda 1847
subfamily	Sphaerexochinae	Opik 1937
genus	Pseudosphaerexochus	Schmidt 1881

Scientific Name

Pseudosphaerexochus Schmidt, 1881

Name Published In

Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb., 30 (1), 126

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pseudosphaerexochus	genus	belongs to Cheiruridae	stated with evidence	Warburg, 1925
Pseudosphaerexochus	genus	belongs to Cyrtometopinae	stated with evidence	Nikolaisen, 1965
Pseudosphaerexochus	genus	belongs to Eccoptochilinae	stated with evidence	Owen and Bruton, 1980
Pseudosphaerexochus	genus	belongs to Cheiruridae	stated without evidence	Jell and Adrain, 2002
Pseudosphaerexochus	genus	belongs to Phacopida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Pseudosphaerexochus	genus	belongs to Sphaerexochinae	stated with evidence	Gapp et al., 2012

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

485 - 466 Ma
Paleozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

443 - 433 Ma
Silurian

Environment

marine (based on Trilobita)

Motility

fast-moving (based on Trilobita)

Vision

well-developed

Diet

carnivore (based on Cheiruridae)

Ontogeny

molting,addition of parts (based on Trilobita)

Ecospace Comments

BODY SIZE: Data from Harrington et al. (1959).

Taphonomy

major spines

Primary Reference (PBDB)

F. Schmidt. 1881. Revision der ostbaltischen silurischen Trilobiten. Abtheilung I: Phacopiden, Cheiruriden und Encrinuriden. Mémoires de L'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, Series 7 30(1):1-237

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pseudosphaerexochus (Pateraspis) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		3	485 Ma Cambrian	466 Ma Middle Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus (Pseudosphaerexochus) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		13	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus andegavus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus approximus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus bulbosus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus cancrura ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	445 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	445 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus clintoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus conformis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	445 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus densigranulatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus dubius species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus ekphyma species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus granulatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	445 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus hemicranium species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus lata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus laticeps ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus octacanthus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus octolobatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus orvikui species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus parallelus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus ravni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus roemeri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	446 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	446 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus tectus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pseudosphaerexochus tuberculatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Pseudosphaerexochus vulcanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus wolkae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudosphaerexochus zapata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Skelipyx lata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1881	Cheirurus (Pseudosphaerexochus) Schmidt pp. 170 - 171
1965	Pseudosphaerexochus Nikolaisen
1971	Skelipyx Lane
1973	Parasphaerexochus Chugaeva
1980	Pseudosphaerexochus Owen and Bruton
1981	Pseudosphaerexochus Owen
1991	Pseudosphaerexochus Kielan-Jaworowska et al.

Year	Name and Author
1997	Mayopyge Adrain and Fortey p. 95
2002	Parasphaerexochus Jell and Adrain p. 422
2002	Pseudosphaerexochus Jell and Adrain p. 435
2002	Skelipyx Jell and Adrain p. 446
2002	Pseudosphaerexochus Sepkoski, Jr.
2012	Pseudosphaerexochus Gapp et al. p. e49115

References

Schmidt F. Revision der ostbaltischen silurischen Trilobiten. Abtheilung I: Phacopiden, Cheiruriden und Encrinuriden, Mémoires de L'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, Series 7 30 1, 1-237

Nikolaisen F. (1965) The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo region, Norway. 18. Rare trilobites of the families Olenidae, Harpidae, Ityophoridae and Cheiruridae, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 45, 231-248

Owen A. W., Bruton D. L. (1980) Late Caradoc-early Ashgill trilobites of the central Oslo Region, Norway, Paleontological Contributions from the University of Oslo. No. 245 245, 1-63

Owen A. W. (1981) The Ashgill Trilobites of the Oslo Region, Norway, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 175, 1-88

Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Bergström J., et al (1991) Cheirurina (Trilobita) from the upper Ordovician of Västergötland and other regions of Sweden, Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 113, 219-244

Adrain J. M., Fortey R. A. (1997) Ordovician trilobites from the Tourmakeady Limestone, western Ireland, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 53 2, 79-115

Jell P. A., Adrain J. M. (2002) Available generic names for trilobites, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 48 2, 331-553

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Gapp I. W., Congreve C. R., et al (2012) Unraveling the phylogenetic relationships of the Eccoptochilinae, an enigmatic array of Ordovician cheirurid trilobites, PLoS ONE 7 11, e49115 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049115

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

extinct group - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb., 30 (1), 126 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

Quick NavTop Fossil Distribution Subtaxa Synonymy List References

Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: April 27, 2024 11:25:12

Go to top of page