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Omomyidae ✝

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Description

Omomyidae is a family of early primates that radiated during the Eocene epoch between about 55 to 34 million years ago (mya). Fossil omomyids are found in North America, Europe, Asia, and possibly Africa, making it one of two groups of Eocene primates with a geographic distribution spanning holarctic continents, the other being the adapids (family Adapidae). Early representatives of the Omomyidae and Adapidae appear suddenly at the beginning of the Eocene (59 mya) in North America, Europe, and Asia, and are the earliest known crown primates.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omomyidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4827112	https://www.gbif.org/species/4827112
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	40793	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40793

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Omomyidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
order	Primates	Linnaeus 1758
infraorder	Haplorhini
infraorder	Tarsiiformes	Gregory 1915
superfamily	Omomyoidea
family	Omomyidae	Gazin 1958

Scientific Name

Omomyidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Omomyidae	subfamily	belongs to Anaptomorphidae	stated with evidence	Simpson, 1940
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Lorisiformes	stated with evidence	Robinson, 1968
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated with evidence	Szalay, 1976
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated without evidence	Hooker, 1986
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	implied	Carroll, 1988
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated without evidence	Bown and Rose, 1991
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated with evidence	Gunnell and Miller, 2001
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated without evidence	Muldoon and Gunnell, 2002
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Omomyiformes	stated with evidence	Kay et al., 2004
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated with evidence	Bajpai et al., 2005
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated without evidence	Hooker, 2007
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Omomyiformes	stated without evidence	Gunnell et al., 2008
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Tarsiiformes	stated with evidence	Rose et al., 2009
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Euprimates	stated without evidence	Silcox et al., 2010
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Omomyiformes	stated with evidence	Burger, 2010
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated with evidence	Rose et al., 2012
Omomyidae	family	belongs to Omomyoidea	stated with evidence	Atwater and Kirk, 2018

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

199

First Recorded Appearance

61.7 - 56.8 Ma
Paleocene

Last Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

terrestrial

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

insectivore

Reproduction

viviparous

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. L. Gazin. 1958. A review of the middle and upper Eocene primates of North America. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 136(1):1-112

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omomyidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Anaptomorphinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	300	61.7 Ma Paleocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Microchoerinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	113	56.0 Ma Paleocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Omomyinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	280	55.8 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Tarkadectinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	2	48.6 Ma Eocene	46.2 Ma Eocene
Aycrossia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	50.3 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene
Baataromomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Gazinius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	50.3 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene
Kohatius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Strigorhysis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	55.8 Ma Eocene	50.3 Ma Eocene
Teilhardina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	68	56.0 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Vastanomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Yaquius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	46.2 Ma Eocene	46.2 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1940	Omomyinae Simpson p. 197
1958	Omomyidae Gazin p. 47
1968	Omomyidae Robinson p. 309
1976	Omomyidae Szalay p. 172
1986	Omomyidae Hooker p. 245
1988	Omomyidae Carroll
1991	Omomyidae Bown and Rose p. 467
1993	Omomyidae Gingerich p. 322
1994	Omomyidae Beard et al. p. 606
1996	Omomyidae Rasmussen p. 76
2001	Omomyidae Gunnell and Miller p. 189

Year	Name and Author
2002	Omomyidae Muldoon and Gunnell p. 481
2004	Omomyidae Kay et al. p. 100
2005	Omomyidae Bajpai et al. p. 50
2007	Omomyidae Hooker p. 740
2008	Omomyidae Gunnell et al. p. 8
2008	Omomyidae Williams and Kirk p. 929
2009	Omomyidae Rose et al. p. 384
2010	Omomyidae Burger p. 14
2010	Omomyidae Silcox et al.
2012	Omomyidae Rose et al.
2018	Omomyidae Atwater and Kirk

References

Gazin C. L. (1958) A review of the middle and upper Eocene primates of North America, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 136 1, 1-112

Simpson G. G. (1940) Studies on the earliest primates, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77 4, 185-212

Robinson P. (1968) The paleontology and geology of the Badwater Creek area, central Wyoming, Annals of Carnegie Museum 39 19, 307-326

Szalay F. S. (1976) Systematics of the Omomyidae (Tarsiiformes, Primates) : taxonomy, phylogeny, and adaptations, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 156 3

Hooker J. J. (1986) Mammals from the Bartonian (middle/late Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin, southern England, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 39 4, 191-478

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Bown T. M., Rose K. D. (1991) Evolutionary relationships of a new genus and three new species of Omomyid primates (Willwood Formation, Lower Eocene, Bighorn Basin, Wyoming), Journal of Human Evolution 20 6, 465-480

Gingerich P. D. (1993) Early Eocene Teilhardina brandti: oldest omomyid primate from North America, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28 13, 321-326

Beard K. C., Qi T., et al (1994) A diverse new primate fauna from middle Eocene fissure-fillings in southeastern China, Nature 368, 604-609

Rasmussen D. T. (1996) A new Middle Eocene omomyine primate from the Uinta Basin, Utah, Journal of Human Evolution 31

Gunnell G. F., Miller E. R. (2001) Origin of anthropoidea: Dental evidence and recognition of early anthropoids in the fossil record, with comments on the Asian anthropoid radiation, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 114 3, 177-191

Muldoon K. M., Gunnell G. F. (2002) Omomyid primates (Tarsiiformes) from the Early Middle Eocene at South Pass, Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming, Journal of Human Evolution 43 4, 479-511

Kay R. F., Williams B. A., et al (2004) Anthropoid origins: a phylogenetic analysis, in Anthropoid Origins: New Visions (eds. C.F. Ross and R.F. Kay), 91-135

Bajpai S., Kapur V. V., et al (2005) Early Eocene primates from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, western India, Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 50 2, 43-54

Hooker J. J. (2007) A new microchoerine omomyid (Primates, Mammalia) from the English Early Eocene and its palaeobiogeographical implications, Palaeontology 50 3, 739-756

Gunnell G. F., Gingerich P. D., et al (2008) New primates (Mammalia) from the early and middle Eocene of Pakistan and their paleobiogeographical implications, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 32 1, 1-14

Williams B. A., Kirk E. C. (2008) New Uintan primates from Texas and their implications for North American patterns of species richness during the Eocene, Journal of Human Evolution 55 6, 927-941

Rose K. D., Rana R. S., et al (2009) Early Eocene primates from Gujarat, India, Journal of Human Evolution 56 4, 366-404 doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.01.008

Burger B. J. (2010) Skull of the Eocene primate Omomys carteri from western North America, Paleontological Contributions 2, 1-19

Silcox M. T., Bloch J. I., et al (2010) Cranial anatomy of Paleocene and Eocene Labidolemur kayi (Mammalia: Apatotheria), and the relationships of the Apatemyidae to other mammals, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160, 773-825

Rose K. D., Chew A. E., et al (2012) Earliest Eocene mammalian fauna from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum at Sand Creek Divide, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 36, 1-122

Atwater A.L., Kirk E.C. (2018) New middle Eocene omomyines (Primates, Haplorhini) from San Diego County, California, Journal of Human Evolution 124, 7-24

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

refer synonym source - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sargis, 2008 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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