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Megatylopus

Description

Megatylopus (also known as the North American camel) is an extinct genus of large camel, endemic to North America from the Late Miocene to the Pliocene, existing for approximately 7.4 million years. Fossil distribution ranged from North Carolina to California. It stood about 4.2 metres (14 ft) tall.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4835729https://www.gbif.org/species/4835729
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)42532https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42532
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Megatylopus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Megatylopus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
orderUngulata
orderArtiodactylaOwen 1848
suborderTylopoda
superfamilyCameloidea
familyCamelidaeGray 1821
subfamilyCamelinaeGray 1821
tribeCameliniGray 1821
genusMegatylopusMatthew & Cook 1909
Scientific NameMegatylopus Matthew & Cook, 1909
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to Camelidaestated without evidenceMatthew, 1924
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to Camelinaestated without evidenceSimpson, 1945
Megatylopusgenussubjective synonym of Paracamelusstated with evidenceMacdonald, 1959
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to Camelopinistated with evidenceWebb, 1965
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to Camelidaestated without evidencePatton, 1969
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to Camelinistated with evidenceVoorhies and Corner, 1986
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to CamelidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Megatylopusgenusbelongs to Camelinistated with evidenceHoney et al., 1998
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Last Recorded Appearance4.90 - 0.30 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietbrowser
Ecospace Commentsbrowser based on stable isotopes (MacFadden and Cerling 1996)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)W. D. Matthew and H. J. Cook. 1909. A Pliocene fauna from western Nebraska. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 26(27):361-414
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megatylopus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Megatylopus matthewi
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1323.0 Ma
Miocene
5.33 Ma
Miocene
Megatylopus primaevus
species
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
513.6 Ma
Miocene
13.6 Ma
Miocene
Pliauchenia cochrani
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
54.90 Ma
Pliocene
4.90 Ma
Pliocene
Pliauchenia gigas
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1023.0 Ma
Miocene
10.3 Ma
Miocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1909Pliauchenia (Megatylopus) Matthew and Cook p. 396
1915Pliauchenia (Megatylopus) Sinclair p. 77
1924Megatylopus Matthew p. 186
1945Megatylopus Simpson p. 150
1965Megatylopus Webb p. 44
1969Megatylopus Patton
YearName and Author
1980Megatylopus Kurten and Anderson p. 302
1985Megatylopus Harrison
1986Megatylopus Voorhies and Corner p. 65
1988Megatylopus Carroll
1998Megatylopus Honey et al.

References

Matthew W. D., Cook H. J. (1909) A Pliocene fauna from western Nebraska, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 26 27, 361-414
Sinclair W. J. (1915) Additions to the Fauna of the Lower Pliocene Snake Creek Beds (Results of the Princeton University 1914 Expedition to Nebraska), Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 54 217, 73-95
Matthew W. D. (1924) Third contribution to the Snake Creek Fauna, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 50, 59-210
Simpson G. G. (1945) The principles of classification and a classification of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 85, 1-350
Webb S. D. (1965) The osteology of Camelops, Bulletin of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Science 1, 1-53
Patton T. H. (1969) Miocene and Pliocene Artiodactyls, Texas Gulf Coastal Plain, Bulletin of the Florida State Museum 14 2
Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442
Harrison J. A. (1985) Giant Camels from the Cenozoic of North America , Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 57, 1-29
Voorhies M. R., Corner R. G. (1986) Megatylopus(?) cochrani (Mammalia: Camelidae): A Re-Evaluation, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 6 1, 65-75
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Honey J. G., Harrison J. A., et al (1998) Camelidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 439-462
SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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