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Balanidae

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Balanus concavus proteus

Prince George County, Virginia, USA

Balanus concavus proteus

Surry County, Virginia, USA

Balanus concavus proteus

Prince George County, Virginia, USA

Balanus concavus proteus

Surry County, Virginia, USA

Balanus concavus proteus

Prince George County, Virginia, USA

Balanus concavus proteus

Surry County, Virginia, USA

Description

The Balanidae comprise a family of barnacles of the order Sessilia, containing these genera:

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	9152	https://www.gbif.org/species/9152
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	82260	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=82260

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
subphylum	Crustacea	Brünnich 1772
class	Maxillopoda	Dahl 1956
subclass	Cirripedia
superorder	Thoracica
order	Sessilia	Lamarck 1818
suborder	Balanomorpha	Pilsbry 1916
superfamily	Chionolasmatoidea	Buckeridge 1983
family	Balanidae	Leach 1817

Scientific Name

Balanidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Balanidae	family	belongs to Thoracica	stated without evidence	Martin, 1904
Balanidae	family	belongs to Balanomorpha	stated without evidence	Ross and Newman, 1967
Balanidae	family	belongs to Balanoidea	stated without evidence	Zullo, 1992
Balanidae	family	belongs to Balanoidea	stated with evidence	McLaughlin et al., 2005
Balanidae	family	belongs to Chionolasmatoidea	stated with evidence	Jones, 2007

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

34 (41%)

First Recorded Appearance

190 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic

Motility

stationary, attached, epibiont

Vision

limited (based on Cirripedia)

Diet

suspension feeder

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite

Primary Reference (PBDB)

D. Wilson. 1983. The Lee Creek enigma, Mclellania aenigma, a new taxon in fossil Cirrhipedia. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 53:483-498

Common Name(s)

Acorn Barnacles, Zeepokken, フジツボ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Balaninae subfamily	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Concavinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		152	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Creusiinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		18	13.7 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Emersoninae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Alessandriella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Amphibalanus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Amphibalunus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Arossia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Austromegabalanus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Barnacle	372	190 Ma Early Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Chesaconcavus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		45	28.1 Ma Oligocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Concavus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		54	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Elminius genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Fistulobalanus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	13.8 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Fosterella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mclelannia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Megabalanus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		26	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Menesiniella genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Notomegabalanus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Paraconcavus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Perforatus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tamiosoma genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Tetrabalanus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zulloa genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Zulloconcavus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1817	Balanidae Leach
1904	Balanidae Martin p. 94
1967	Balanidae Ross and Newman p. 3
1983	Balanidae Wilson p. 486
1992	Balanidae Zullo p. 3
2005	Balanidae McLaughlin et al. p. 42
2007	Balanidae Jones p. 294

References

Wilson D. (1983) The Lee Creek enigma, Mclellania aenigma, a new taxon in fossil Cirrhipedia, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 53, 483-498

Martin G. C. (1904) Cirripedia, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 94-97

Ross A., Newman W. A. (1967) Eocene Balanidae of Florida, Including a New Genus and Species with a Unique Plan of "Turtle-Barnacle" Organization, American Museum Novitates 2288, 1-21

Zullo V. A. (1992) Revision of the balanid barnacle genus Concavus Newman, 1982, with the description of a new subfamily, two new genera, and eight new species, The Paleontological Society Memoir 27, 1-46

McLaughlin P. A., Camp D. K., et al (2005) Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Crustacea, 1-545

Jones D. S. (2007) The Cirripedia of New Caledonia, Compendia of marine species of New Caledonia, 289-294

Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Southward, A.J. (2001). Cirripedia - non-parasitic Thoracica, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 280-283 - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per included genera - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Anderson 1994 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Martin & Davis (2001) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Martin, Joel W., and George E. Davis, 2001: An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles, Science Series 39. 124. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Boschma H., et.al. (1961) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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