 | | Book | | grains are nothing else but garnets, the same 'garnet' which, when cut and mounted, can be seen in any...mica schist of quartz and mica, and eclogite of garnet and augite. There are also rocks which consist...times, and there is evidence of at least one flint mine dating from this period. Finely worked and polished...instance, in various parts of the Austrian Tirol and Salzburg. Much tin ore came from Britain so that brisk...derives its name from the saltmining district of Hallstatt in Upper Austria, where many prehistoric finds have |  | | Book | | arnianthus, blue 100 ...amianthus, Cape 100 amphibole group 98 analcite 76, 108, I 11 anatase 34, 34 andalusite...121 argentite I0 argentojarosite 58 arsenates 65 arsenic 4 arsenides 8 arsenopyrite 15, 17 artinite 51,...fassaite 97, 98 fayalite 75 feldspars 111 feldspathoid group I08 ferrierite 122 ferrimolybdite 63 fluoborite...gadolinite 85 gahnite 24 galaxite 24 galena 12, 13 garnet group 76 garnierite 107 gaylussite 50 gehlenite 85...mesotype 119 metacinnabarite 13 meyerhofferite 54 mica group 104 mica, white 104 microcline 112, 113 miJlerite | | | Book | | amianthus, blue 100 _amianthus, Cape 100. amphibole group 98 analcite 76, 108, 111 anatase 34, 34 andalusite...93 emery 25 epidote 87, 87, 89 epistilbite 124 arsenic 4 chalcedony 31 chalcocite 8, 8 erythrite 70...coquimbite 60 cordierite 95 galena 12, 13 garnet group 76 garnierite 107 gaylussite 50 gehlenite...eye 31 fayalite 75 feldspars 111 feldspathoid group 108 ferrierite 122 ferrimolybdite 63 fluoborite...119 metacinnabarite 13 meyerhofferite 54 mica group 104 mica, white 104 microcline 112, /13 millerite |  | | | | amianthus, blue 100 -amianthus, Cape 100 amphibole group 98 annabergite 73 arduinite 119, /2/ argentite...127 chalcanthite 59 chalcedony 31 arsenates 65 arsenic 4 arsenides 8 chalcocite 8, 8 chalcolite 74 arsenopyrite...dialogite 42, 42 diamond 5, 6 galena 12, /3 garnet group 76 garnierite 107 gaylussite SO gehlenite 85...97, 98 fayalite 75 feldspars 111 feldspathoid group 108 ferrierite 122 ferrimolybdite 63 fluoborite...119 metacinnabarite 13 meyerhofferite 54 mica group 104 mica, white 104 microcline 112, //3 millerite |  | | Book | | Miguel Hortiguela, LPPO Illustrations: Crowle Art Group Printed in China The publisher gratefully acknowledges...ofjust a few minerals; quartz and the feldspar group are the most abundant processes — called biominerals...A CHANGING PLANET 11 Vanadinite, San Carlos district, Chihuahua, Mexico * 8 x 4 x 2 cm Mineral Species...mineral pigments. LEFT: Malachite, Bwana M’Kubwa Mine, Ndola, Copperbelt, Zambia * 22 x 26 x 16 cm 22...Namibia * 20 x 18 x 14 cm Bladed stibnite, Ichinokawa Mine, Saijo, Shikoku, Japan * 10 x 1 x 1 om Acicular |  | | Book (edition) | | terms (see also explanations chapter): - Strunz Group (Strunz (2001; version 9); this provides the mineralogical...optical characteristics or shapes. - The Point Group illustrates how symmetrical a particular mineral...minerals which appear within a particular Strunz sub-group (listed here) or in mineral assemblages of a closely...fast overview and reflect the abbreviated Strunz group. • Where necessary, abbreviations for important...scheme reflects compositional systematics; the main group is colour-coded on the top right page of the descriptions; |  | | Catalog/List | | Rosilare Level.Minerva Mine No 1 ,Cave-in-Rock District.Southem Illonois.Xtl group of interlocking fluorite...£10 9. SPHALERITE,var.Ruby Blende.Mid-Continent Mine,Pitcher.Oklahoma,USA Rich continuous druse of ruby...QUARTZ,var Rock Crystal,Hardanger.Norway.Clean xtl group of rock xtl prisms to 65mm free of matnx Sits well...on SPHALERITE,Naica,Chihuahua,Mexico.Ljovely xtl group of slightly modified water clear very pale greenish...MALACHITE.Tsumcorp Mine.Otavi.Namibia.Lovely xtl group of tapering azurite prisms to 40mm with translucent |  | | Book | | industry for thousands of years. Two forms of arsenic sulphide, realgar (top-left) and orpiment (bottom)...olivine and pyroxene are replaced by spine! and garnet. Deeper down still, beyond 670km/420 miles, even...clay. As a river washes into the sea, or into a lake, the heaviest quartz grains are dropped nearest...out of the water first. , .2.t'l UNDERSTAN DING MINE RALS HOVV MINERALS FORM Minerals are the natural...be washed down through the rock to be deposited lower down as different minerals which become often valuable |  | | Book | | museum quality but many minerals can be found on mine dumps or can be purchased or traded. After introducing...rocks contain large crystals, often of the feldspar group and are known as porphyries. The individual crystals...are the home of a number of interesting minerals. Garnet, staurolite and andalusite are typical minerals...minerals change. A number of silicate minerals such as garnet and epidote and some sulphides giving metallic...contact metamorphism. Fine crystals of vesuvianite, garnet, scapolite and spinel can be found in altered limestones | | | | | are classified according to the chief ion (or ion group) which serves as a mineral’s fundamental unit. The...dendritic masses with pitchblende at Great Bear Lake. Also with native copper as cavity-fillings in basalt...Homestake Mine, South Dakota; in Montana and Arizona. Also in Ural Mts., U.S.S.R.; and at Waihi Mine, New...Zealand. In Australia, at Mount Morgan Mine, from Chartres Towers district, from Hillgrove, from Hill End, and...Luning and Cuprite in Nevada; at Sulphur Bank mercury mine and at Lassen Peak, California. Sharp well-shaped |  | | Book (edition) | | chief ion minerals (or ion are classified group) which according serves to the as a mineral’s...dendritic masses with pitchblende at Great Bear Lake. Also with native copper as cavity-fillings in basalt...Homestake Mine, South Dakota; in Montana and Arizona. Also in Ural Mts., U.S.S.R.; and at Waihi Mine, Mine...Chartres In Australia, at Mount Morgan Towers district, from Hillgrove, from Hill End, and large production...and Cuprite in Nevada; at Sulphur Bank mercury mine and at Lassen Peak, California. Sharp well-shaped | | | | | surrounded ce ne white calcite, from!iheBluebell Mine; Riondel, Digitized by the Internet Archive...Sulphides and arsenides: Minerals with sulphur or arsenic and a metal ion. Chalcocite, bornite, chalcopyrite...groups: Minerals that have oxygen tightly bonded in a group around a central non-metallic ion. Oxides or carbonate...Silicates: Minerals have oxygen tightly Olivine, garnet, epidote, vesuvianite, rhodonite, beryl, tourmaline...feldspar, nepheline, zeolite, sodalite, bonded in a group around a central silicon atom. kyanite, topaz, titanite |  | | Book (edition) | | given to the " normal group" under the successive systems, that is, to the group which is most common...rearrangement. A transparent amorphous mass of arsenic trioxide (AsaOa), formed by fusion, becomes opaque...there is an imitation of the another system of lower grade, is particularly common in The result is reached...possible for the given system, while the others are lower in grade of symmetry. It is important to note that...bXos, comOn the other hand, under the classes of lower symplete, and Mpz, face). metry, a certain form |  | | Journal (issue) | | what it can do, w hat it is used for, and t he group of minerals it belong s t o. Origins gives the location... miners drill holes in the rock at Taxco silver mine in Mexico. Right: North Sea drilling rig 'Claymore-A'...the most fascinating examples in each min eral group. This map highlights some of the world's leading...in layman's terms below. GROUP Each mineral and gemstone belongs to a group, or family, of similar types...Arsenates-Arsenate minerals are metals that have united with arsenic, sulphur and oxygen . They tend to be brightly |  | | Book (edition) | | 1. 2. 3. 4. II. Sulphur Group Boron Group Arsenic Group Carbon Group 104 106 109 110 115 MINERALS...Amphibole Group 274 275 277 278 Beryl, etc 2. Unisilicates Chrysolite Group Garnet Group Zircon Group...Axinite 282 Danburite, lolite 286 Mica Group Scapolite Group 287 292 293 286 Nephelite, Sodalite,... Leucite 296 302 303 304 306 Feldspar Group 8. Subsilicates Chondrodite Tourmaline Andalusite, Fibrolite...Chlorite 337 IV. 1. 2. 3. 332 Hydromica Group Group HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS. Simple Hydrocarbons |  | | Book | | Books Ltd. an imprint of the Octopus Publishing Group, Michelin House, 81 Fulham Road, London SW3 6RB...or cruciform penetrating twins (staurolite). A-group of closely clustered crystals growing from a common...crystals developed equally in all directions (e.g. garnet); tabular or lamellar crystals, i.e. crystals developed...pyrargyrite, graphite, and native elements such as arsenic and bismuth. Cubic system The axial cross is formed...typical of magnetite, an orthorhombic dodecahedron of garnet, and a hexahedron of halite. Other minerals may | | | Book | | and produced by Artia for The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, Bridge House, London Road, Twickenham,...or cruciform penetrating twins (staurolite). A group of closely clustered crystals growing from a common...crystals developed equally in all directions (e.g. garnet); tabular or lamellar crystals, i.e. crystals developed...pyrargyrite, graphite, and native elements such as arsenic and bismuth. Cubic system The axial cross is formed...typical of magnetite, an orthorhombic dodecahedron of garnet, and a hexahedron of halite. Other minerals may |  | | Book | | and produced by Artia for The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, Bridge House, London Road, Twickenham,...or cruciform penetrating twins (staurolite). A group of closely clustered crystals growing from a common...crystals developed equally in all directions (e.g. garnet); tabular or lamellar crystals, i.e. crystals developed...pyrargyrite, graphite, and native elements such as arsenic and bismuth. Cubic system The axial cross is formed...typical of magnetite, an orthorhombic dodecahedron of garnet, and a hexahedron of halite. Other minerals may |  | | Book | | refracted (bent) as they pass through spinel and garnet. Deeper down still, of perovskite dubbed post-...so great that the iron simply cannot melt. The lower mantle is 6702,900km/420-1,800 miles down. Here...coarse at the bottom. Rocks from debris into a lake, the heaviest quartz grains This ‘graded bedding’...and Below: Salt Cellar Tor in England's Peak District is one of several tors in this region. They are...bedding Underground Large cavern opened up by lake corrosion at the current Spring water table - |  | | Book | | describing some of its chemical properties. Within each group the minerals are listed accord¬ ing to CIM; and...neighbourhood of sulphur¬ bearing agents. Above: Copper from Lake Superior. Michigan. This crystal shows the enlarged...Keweenaw area of north Michigan; at the Copper Queen mine, Bisbee, Arizona and at Georgetown, New Mexico....areas including Kimberley, Pretoria (the Premier mine is in this area), and Jagersfontein in the Orange...Localities. Lead is found in Sweden at the Harstig mine, Pajsberg; from the gold placers of the Ural Mountains |  | | Book (edition) | | pyrite crystal makes it possible to assign it to a lower symmetry class than that of the geometric cube,...some of the contents of a unit cell must have a lower symmetry than that of the particular Bravais lattice...how, in the passage from the upper form to the lower, the silicon atoms are more symmetrically spaced...solutions at high We temperatures, whereas at a lower temperature they develop exsolution, i.e., the unmixing...atmospheres are octahedral, and those obtained at lower pressures are cubic. , Hopper faces in a quartz |  | | Book | | always one that has been well opened, such as a mine, a quarry, road or railroad cut, or a cliff. Fresh...upper part (the crorvn); 8 pavilion facets, 16 lower-girdle 21 Brilliant-cut diamond Shaping a brilliant-cut...but 1nore expensive, diamond saw. Pavilion. The lower part of a faceted gem, below the girdle. 26 On... Two models of tumblers-the upper rotates, the lower vibrates. Polished gem stones of irregular shapes...specimen, by the iron-oxide coating. This large group is from Galena, Illinois. Marcasite on calcite | | | Book | | always one that has been well opened, such as a mine, a quarry, road or railroad cut, or a cliff. Fresh...facets 1 on (the crown); 8 pavilion facets, 16 lower-girdle 21 Brilliant-cut Shaping a brilliant-cut...properly cut; (c) too shallow and 1 culet on the lower part (the and number of facets vary according facets...diamond saw. sizes, Pavilion. 26 The faster, lower part of a faceted gem, below the girdle. On a...gem stones of tumblers-the upper rotates, the lower vibrates. Polished shapes and sizes, known as baroques |  | | Book | | Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Austria, the Soviet Union, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia...chemist and mineralogist; student of Torbern Bergman; mine owner and mineral analyst; trained J. J. Berzelius...Russia. stephanite, Archduke Victor Stephan, of Austria. uvarovite, Count S. S. Uvarov, of Russia. WOMEN'S... antarctite, Antarctic Continent, athabascaite, Lake Athabasca, Canada, bityite, Mt. Bity, Madagascar...Azores. gamagarite, Gamagara ridge, Postmasburg district, South Africa. garronite, Garron plateau area | | | Book | | always one that has been well opened, such as a mine, a quarry, road or railroad cut, or a cliff. Fresh...the upper part (the crown); 8 pavilion facets, 16 lower-girdle 21 Brilliant-cut diamond a brilliant-cut...cut; (c) too shallow facets, and 1 culet on the lower part (the pavilion). The propor¬ tions and number...but more expensive, diamond saw. Pavilion. The lower part of a faceted gem, below the girdle. 26 On... Two models of tumblers—the upper rotates, the lower vibrates. Polished gem stones of irregular shapes |
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