	Farrow, Catharine E. G., Watkinson, D. H. (1992) Alteration and the role of fluids in Ni, Cu and platinum-group element deposition, Sudbury Igneous Complex contact, Onaping-Levack area, Ontario. Mineralogy and Petrology, 46 (1) 67-83 doi:10.1007/bf01160703	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Element Deposition, Sudbury Igneous Complex Contact, Onaping-Levack area, Ontario Catharine E. G. F a...Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada With 5 Figures Received September 17, 1991;...element deposition in the Onaping-Levack area of the North Range of the Sudbury Structure. Two significant alteration...Cu-rich veins in the Deep Copper Zone of Strathcona mine and the nearby Barnet property, and amphibole (actinolite...ferro-actinolite) + epidote + titanite + pentlandite + pyrite _ quartz + magnetite in the Fraser mine Epidote Zone. The
	*Ames, D. E., Davidson, A., Wodicka, N. (2008) Geology of the Giant Sudbury Polymetallic Mining Camp, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 103 (5) 1057-1077 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.103.5.1057*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Giant Sudbury Polymetallic Mining Camp, Ontario, Canada D. E. AMES,† Geological Survey of Canada, 601...Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada A. DAVIDSON, 3259 Margaret Rd., Regina, SK S4V 1B2, Canada AND N. WODICKA ... Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada Introduction Geologic Setting...Canada’s most prolific mining camp, the world-class Sudbury structure with total past production and current...preserved impact craters. The new map of the Ni-Cu-PGE Sudbury district (after Ames et al., 2005) is included
	Hanley, J. J., Mungall, J. E. (2003) CHLORINE ENRICHMENT AND HYDROUS ALTERATION OF THE SUDBURY BRECCIA HOSTING FOOTWALL Cu Ni PGE MINERALIZATION AT THE FRASER MINE, SUDBURY, ONTARIO, CANADA. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41 (4) 857-881 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.41.4.857	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	THE SUDBURY BRECCIA HOSTING FOOTWALL Cu–Ni–PGE MINERALIZATION AT THE FRASER MINE, SUDBURY, ONTARIO, CANADA...of Toronto, 22 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada ABSTRACT An assemblage of hydrous, Cl-bearing...hosted by the Sudbury Breccia at the Fraser Copper zone, Fraser mine, Onaping–Levack area, Ontario. The pyroxene...hornblende hornfels contact-metamorphic aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) contains less than 15 modal...hornfels facies is present in the matrix of the Sudbury Breccia; it contains 25 to 80% actinolite + chamosite
	O'Callaghan, Jonathan W., Linnen, Robert L., Lightfoot, Peter C., Osinski, Gordon R. (2017) Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics Of Sudbury Breccia Adjacent To Footwall Cu-Ni-PGE Sulfide Veins and Structures In the Creighton and Coleman Deposits. The Canadian Mineralogist, 55 (5) 909-943 doi:10.3749/canmin.1600058	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SUDBURY BRECCIA ADJACENT TO FOOTWALL Cu-Ni-PGE SULFIDE...Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada GORDON R. OSINSKI Department...Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada Centre for Planetary Science and...Exploration, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy...University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada ABSTRACT The Sudbury Breccia is an impactite
	McCormick, K. A., Fedorowich, J. S., McDonald, A. M., James, R. S. (2002) A Textural, Mineralogical, and Statistical Study of the Footwall Breccia within the Strathcona Embayment of the Sudbury Structure. Economic Geology, 97 (1) 125-143 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.97.1.125	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Breccia within the Strathcona Embayment of the Sudbury Structure KELLI A. MCCORMICK,†,* Mineral Exploration...Laurentian University, 933 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 6B5 JOHN S. FEDOROWICH, Falconbridge...Falconbridge Ltd., P.O. Box 40, Falconbridge, Ontario, Canada P0M 1S0 ANDREW M. MCDONALD, AND RICHARD S. JAMES...Laurentian University, 933 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 6B5 Abstract The footwall breccia...the main Ni-Cu-(PGE) ore-hosting units of the Sudbury camp. This polymict, matrix-supported, contact-metamorphosed
	Péntek, Attila, Molnár, Ferenc, Tuba, Györgyi, Watkinson, David H., Jones, Peter C. (2013) The Significance of Partial Melting Processes in Hydrothermal Low Sulfide Cu-Ni-PGE Mineralization Within the Footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 108 (1) 59-78 doi:10.2113/econgeo.108.1.59	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Mineralization Within the Footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada ATTILA PÉNTEK,1,† FERENC MOLNÁR...Mining Company Ltd., 129 Fielding Road, Lively, Ontario, Canada P3Y 1L7 2 Geological 3 Department Survey...Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada K1S 5B6 Abstract We present new results and review...mineralizing processes in the contact aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex. At the basal contact of the igneous...sulfides occurred. In the deeper footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, similar footwall granophyres occur
	Tuba, Györgyi, Molnár, Ferenc, Ames, Doreen E., Péntek, Attila, Watkinson, David H., Jones, Peter C. (2014) Multi-stage hydrothermal processes involved in “low-sulfide” Cu(–Ni)–PGE mineralization in the footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (Canada): Amy Lake PGE zone, East Range. Mineralium Deposita, 49 (1) 7-47 doi:10.1007/s00126-013-0468-1	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	mineralization in the footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (Canada): Amy Lake PGE zone, East Range Györgyi...footwall of the 1.85 Ga Sudbury Igneous Complex occurring in a 100m-wide Sudbury Breccia belt that coincides...multi-source, multi-stage Sudbury-related hydrothermal system. The two major stages of syn-Sudbury hydrothermal activity...Ames Geological Survey of Canada, 750-601 Booth Street, K1A 0E8 Ottawa, Canada A. Péntek Wallbridge Mining...Company Ltd, 129 Fielding Road, P3Y 1L7 Lively, Canada D. H. Watkinson : P. C. Jones Department of Earth
	*Easton, R. M. (2000) METAMORPHISM OF THE CANADIAN SHIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA. II. PROTEROZOIC METAMORPHIC HISTORY. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38 (2) 319-344 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.38.2.319*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	(2000) METAMORPHISM OF THE CANADIAN SHIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA. II. PROTEROZOIC METAMORPHIC HISTORY R. MICHAEL...Section, Ontario Geological Survey, 933 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5, Canada ABSTRACT...belts and rock sequences in the Canadian Shield in Ontario, with a focus on rocks of the Southern and Grenville...relative or absolute ages. In the Sault Ste. Marie – Sudbury area, previously described regional Na- and K-metasomatism...Metamorphism appears to postdate the emplacement of the Sudbury Igneous Complex at 1850 Ma; however, it is unclear
	Pentek, A., Molnar, F., Watkinson, D. H., Jones, P. C. (2008) Footwall-type Cu-Ni-PGE Mineralization in the Broken Hammer Area, Wisner Township, North Range, Sudbury Structure. Economic Geology, 103 (5) 1005-1028 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.103.5.1005	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Mineralization in the Broken Hammer Area, Wisner Township, North Range, Sudbury Structure ATTILA PÉNTEK,† FERENC MOLNÁR...Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada K1S 5B6 Abstract Footwall-type Cu-Ni-PGE (Platinum-group...are a major focus of recent exploration in the Sudbury mining camp, owing to their higher Cu and precious...orebodies situated along the lower contact of the Sudbury Igneous Complex. The most important footwall-type...footwall-type orebodies occur in the Onaping-Levack area of the North Range, but economic deposits are found along
	Fedorowich, J. S., Parrish, R. R., Sager-Kinsman, A. (2006) U-Pb DATING OF A DIABASE DIKE RESOLVES THE PROBLEM OF MUTUALLY CROSSCUTTING RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE FRASER-STRATHCONA DEEP COPPER VEIN SYSTEM, SUDBURY BASIN. Economic Geology, 101 (8) 1595-1603 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.101.8.1595	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE FRASER-STRATHCONA DEEP COPPER VEIN SYSTEM, SUDBURY BASIN JOHN S. FEDOROWICH...† FNX Mining Co. Inc. Podolsky Mine, Sudbury, Ontario, P0M 1H0, Canada RANDY R. PARRISH, NERC Isotope...SAGER-KINSMAN* Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E8 Department of Geological...problem has been addressed in the Fraser-Strathcona Deep Copper mine, Sudbury, wherein diabase dikes and the...applied to a diabase dike that crosscuts the 1850 Ma Sudbury Igneous Complex and footwall Cu-Ni-PGE vein mineralization
	O’Callaghan, J. W., Osinski, G. R., Lightfoot, P. C., Linnen, R. L., Weirich, J. R. (2016) Reconstructing the Geochemical Signature of Sudbury Breccia, Ontario, Canada: Implications for Its Formation and Trace Metal Content. Economic Geology, 111 (7) 1705-1729 doi:10.2113/econgeo.111.7.1705	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Reconstructing the Geochemical Signature of Sudbury Breccia, Ontario, Canada: Implications for Its Formation and...Exploration, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada 2Department of Physics and Astronomy...Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada 3Brownfield Exploration, Vale, 337...337 Power St, Copper Cliff, Sudbury, ON P0M 1N0, Canada 4Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort...Fort Lowell, Tucson, AZ 85719-2395 Abstract The Sudbury breccia is an impact-generated pseudotachylitic
	Hanley, J. J., Bray, C. J. (2009) THE TRACE METAL CONTENT OF AMPHIBOLE AS A PROXIMITY INDICATOR FOR Cu-Ni-PGE MINERALIZATION IN THE FOOTWALL OF THE SUDBURY IGNEOUS COMPLEX, ONTARIO, CANADA. Economic Geology, 104 (1) 113-125 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.104.1.113	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	MINERALIZATION IN THE FOOTWALL OF THE SUDBURY IGNEOUS COMPLEX, ONTARIO, CANADA JACOB J. HANLEY† Department of...University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3C3 AND COLIN J. BRAY Department of Geology...University of Toronto, 22 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B1 Abstract Alteration veins containing...along the northern margin of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada. Crosscutting relations and structural...measurements show that the veins postdate the Sudbury impact event but predate the emplacement of footwall-style
	Farrow, Catharine E. G., Watkinson, David H., Jones, Peter C. (1994) Fluid inclusions in sulfides from North and South Range Cu-Ni-PGE deposits, Sudbury Structure, Ontario. Economic Geology, 89 (3) 647-655 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.89.3.647	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	NORTH AND SOUTH RANGE Cu-Ni-PGE DEPOSITS, SUDBURY STRUCTURE, ONTARIO CATHARINE E.G. FMmOW,DAVIDH. WATKINSON...CarletonUniversity,Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre,Ottawa,Ontario,CanadaKiS 5B6 GeologicSettingof the Deposits The...depositshas continued footwall units at the base of the Sudbury* Igneous since early this century (Wandke and Hoffman...maficto felsic gneissesand migmatiteswith domiof the Levack Gneiss 1979). A magmaticoriginisnowwell established...aptationsmade for the cryosystemequipmentavail- magnetite,titanite, and quartz that are developedin able (Kelly and
	Boast, M., Spray, J. G. (2006) Superimposition of a Thrust-Transfer Fault System on a Large Impact Structure: Implications for Ni-Cu-PGE Exploration at Sudbury. Economic Geology, 101 (8) 1583-1594 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.101.8.1583	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Structure: Implications for Ni-Cu-PGE Exploration at Sudbury* M. BOAST AND J. G. SPRAY† Planetary and Space...Bailey Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada Abstract A ~2.0-km-wide metamorphic aureole has...margin of the 2.5-km-thick Sudbury Igneous Complex of the 1.85 Ga Sudbury impact structure. The aureole...previously undetected thrust faults between the Sudbury Igneous Complex and the Archean footwall. We demonstrate...compression. Overthrusting of the footwall by the Sudbury Igneous Complex may conceal sublayer, footwall
	Molnar, F., Watkinson, D. H., Jones, P. C. (2001) Multiple Hydrothermal Processes in Footwall Units of the North Range, Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada, and Implications for the Genesis of Vein-Type Cu-Ni-PGE Deposits. Economic Geology, 96 (7) 1645-1670 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.7.1645	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Footwall Units of the North Range, Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada, and Implications for the Genesis of...Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada K1S 5B6 Abstract Systematic regional sampling...contact zone of the 1.85 Ga age Sudbury Igneous Complex with the Archean Levack Gneiss footwall in the North...North Range of the Sudbury structure revealed textural, mineralogical, and fluid inclusion systematics of...of post-Sudbury Igneous Complex hydrothermal processes that affected the various lithologies. At late
	*Satterly, J. (1977) A Catalogue of the Ontario Localities Represented by the Mineral Collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Miscellaneous Paper* 70. Ontario Geological Survey**	Report (issue)
	GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed... copyright is held by the Queen’s Printer for Ontario. It is recommended that reference to the Content... . ; Ontario Geological Survey, ...670-5691 Toll Free: 1-888-415-9845, ext. 5691 (inside Canada, United States) Local: (705) 670-5691 Toll Free:...(inside Canada, United States) Local: (416) 326-2678 Toll Free: 1-800-668-9938 (inside Canada, United
	*Easton, R. M. (2000) METAMORPHISM OF THE CANADIAN SHIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA. I. THE SUPERIOR PROVINCE. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38 (2) 287-317 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.38.2.287*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	(2000) METAMORPHISM OF THE CANADIAN SHIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA. I. THE SUPERIOR PROVINCE R. MICHAEL EASTON§...Section, Ontario Geological Survey, 933 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5, Canada ABSTRACT...metamorphic information for the Canadian Shield in Ontario, and complements the recently compiled Metamorphic...metamorphic history of the Superior Province in Ontario on a subprovince basis, with an emphasis on the...granulite, amphibolite, greenschist, mineralization, Ontario. SOMMAIRE Cet article résulte de la compilation
	Péntek, Attila, Molnár, Ferenc, Watkinson, David H., Jones, Peter C., Mogessie, Aberra (2011) Partial melting and melt segregation in footwall units within the contact aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (North and East Ranges, Sudbury structure), with implications for their relationship to footwall Cu–Ni–PGE mineralization. International Geology Review, 53 (2) 291-325 doi:10.1080/00206810903101313	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	contact aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (North and East Ranges, Sudbury structure), with implications...Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada, K1S 5B6; cInstitute for Earth Sciences, Karl-Franzens...the contact aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) in the 1.85 Ga Sudbury impact structure. Our results...dominantly derived from partial melting of felsic Levack Gneiss and Cartier granitoid rocks, as well as...localities, and were promoted by deformation of the Sudbury structure in the Penokean orogeny as indicated
	Papapavlou, Konstantinos, Darling, James R., Storey, Craig D., Lightfoot, Peter C., Moser, Desmond E., Lasalle, Stephanie (2017) Dating shear zones with plastically deformed titanite: New insights into the orogenic evolution of the Sudbury impact structure (Ontario, Canada) Precambrian Research, 291. 220-235 doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.01.007	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Manuscript Dating shear zones with plastically deformed titanite: New insights into the orogenic evolution and...remobilization history of the Sudbury impact structure (Ontario, Canada) Konstantinos Papapavlou, James... Dating shear zones with plastically deformed titanite: New insights into the orogenic evolution and...remobilization history of the Sudbury impact structure (Ontario, Canada), Precambrian Research (2017)... Dating shear zones with plastically deformed titanite: New insights into the orogenic evolution and
	Kerr, M., Hanley, J., Morrison, G., Everest, J., Bray, C. (2015) Preliminary Evaluation of Trace Hydrocarbon Speciation and Abundance as an Exploration Tool for Footwall-Style Sulfide Ores Associated with the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 110 (2) 531-556 doi:10.2113/econgeo.110.2.531	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Sulfide Ores Associated with the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada* Mitchell Kerr,1,† Jacob Hanley... Nova Scotia, Canada 2 TMAC 3 KGHM 4 Department Resources, Toronto, Ontario, Canada International...Ltd., Sudbury, Ontario, Canada of Earth Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Abstract...the North Range footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada. The deposits have been modified...hydrothermal events and are hosted mainly within Sudbury breccia, a contact metamorphosed and hydrothermally
	Prevec, Stephen A., Baadsgaard, Halfdan (2005) Evolution of Palaeoproterozoic mafic intrusions located within the thermal aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada: Isotopic, geochronological and geochemical evidence. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 69 (14) 3653-3669 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.10.022	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	within the thermal aureole of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada: Isotopic, geochronological and geochemical...2 11747 91st Ave., Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1B1, Canada (Received January 27, 2004; accepted in revised...catastrophic processes. The Falconbridge and Drury Township (Twp) intrusions were emplaced at the contact...lie at the southeast and southwest edges of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), within its thermal contact...rocks proximal to impact environments such as Sudbury (Corfu and Lightfoot, 1996) and Vredefort (Moser
	Campos-Alvarez, N.O., Samson, I.M., Fryer, B.J., Ames, D.E. (2010) Fluid sources and hydrothermal architecture of the Sudbury Structure: Constraints from femtosecond LA-MC-ICP-MS Sr isotopic analysis of hydrothermal epidote and calcite. Chemical Geology, 278 (3) 131-150 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.09.006	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Fluid sources and hydrothermal architecture of the Sudbury Structure: Constraints from femtosecond LA-MC-ICP-MS...Windsor (ON), Canada, N9B-3P4 Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa (ON), Canada, K1A-0E8...Calcite Proterozoic seawater Orthomagmatic ﬂuids Sudbury Structure a b s t r a c t This study presents...from different stratigraphic levels within the Sudbury impact structure, determined using femtosecond...ﬂuids that have circulated through and around the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), and further deﬁne the overall
	*Sabina, Ann P. (1991) Rocks and minerals for the collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. Miscellaneous report* 49. Geological Survey of Canada**	Report (issue)
	COLLECTOR Ann P. Sabina Sudbury to Winnipeg I.I Energy, Mines and Resources Canada E:nergie, Mines et...et Ressourees Canada Canada THE ENERGY OF OUR RESOURCES THE POWER OF OUR IDEAS COVER Left: Amethyst...Amethyst - Thunder Bay, Ontario. Specimen measures 4.5 cm across the base. National Mineral Collection specimen... Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 49 ROCKS AND MINERALS FOR THE COLLECTOR Sudbury to Winnipeg... © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1991 Available in Canada through authorized bookstore agents
	Généreux, Carol-Anne, Tinkham, Douglas K., Lafrance, Bruno (2021) On the role of shock melting and anatexis in breccia formation: Southern Sudbury impact structure, Canada. Precambrian Research, 363. 106346pp. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2021.106346	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	anatexis in breccia formation: Southern Sudbury impact structure, Canada Carol-Anne Généreux , Douglas K...Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada* A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C...Range Sudbury impact structure The ca. 1.85 Ga Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) in Ontario, Canada, represents...cratering processes are not fully un derstood. Sudbury is an excellent natural laboratory to study impact...its impact melt sheet, now crystallized as the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) (Grieve et al., 1991), and
	*Sabina, Ann P. (1964) Rock and mineral collecting in Canada, volume II: Ontario and Quebec. Vol 2. Miscellaneous report 8, Geological Survey of Canada.*	Report (Issue volume)
	ieod ad 11tt~ e~ i# {1anada Volume II ONTARIO and QUEBEC Ann P. Sabina MISCELLANEOUS REPORT 8 Issued...Issued by THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa $1.65 © Crown...Queen's Printer, Ottawa, the Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, and at the following Canadian...available for reference in public libraries across Canada. Price $ l.65 Catalogue No . M41-8 / 8-2 Price...Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery Ottawa, Canada 1964 Page • INTRODUCTION 2 • A note on Canadian

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Titanite from Fraser Mine, Levack Township, Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada

Titanite from
Fraser Mine, Levack Township, Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada