	*Satterly, J. (1977) A Catalogue of the Ontario Localities Represented by the Mineral Collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Miscellaneous Paper* 70. Ontario Geological Survey**	Report (issue)
	GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed... copyright is held by the Queen’s Printer for Ontario. It is recommended that reference to the Content... . ; Ontario Geological Survey, ...670-5691 Toll Free: 1-888-415-9845, ext. 5691 (inside Canada, United States) Local: (705) 670-5691 Toll Free:...(inside Canada, United States) Local: (416) 326-2678 Toll Free: 1-800-668-9938 (inside Canada, United
	*Sabina, Ann P. (1991) Rocks and minerals for the collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. Miscellaneous report* 49. Geological Survey of Canada**	Report (issue)
	Energy, Mines and Resources Canada E:nergie, Mines et Ressourees Canada Canada THE ENERGY OF OUR RESOURCES...OUR IDEAS COVER Left: Amethyst - Thunder Bay, Ontario. Specimen measures 4.5 cm across the base. National...no. 17206. GSC 204971-1 Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 49 ROCKS AND MINERALS FOR... © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1991 Available in Canada through authorized bookstore agents...bookstores or by mail from Canada Communication Group - Publishing Ottawa, Canada KIA OS9 and from. Geological
	Dube, B., Williamson, K., Mcnicoll, V., Malo, M., Skulski, T., Twomey, T., Sanborn-Barrie, M. (2004) Timing of Gold Mineralization at Red Lake, Northwestern Ontario, Canada:New Constraints from U-Pb Geochronology at the Goldcorp High-Grade Zone,Red Lake Mine, and the Madsen Mine. Economic Geology, 99 (8) 1611-1641 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.99.8.1611	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Gold Mineralization at Red Lake, Northwestern Ontario, Canada: New Constraints from U-Pb Geochronology at...High-Grade Zone, Red Lake Mine, and the Madsen Mine* B. DUBÉ,† Geological Survey of Canada, 880 Chemin Sainte-Foy...Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Quebec, Canada G1S 2L2 K. WILLIAMSON, INRS-ETE, 880 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Sainte-Foy, P...7500, Canada G1V 4C7 V. MCNICOLL, Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada...7500, Canada G1V 4C7 T. SKULSKI, Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
	*Hewitt, D. F. (1978) Rocks and Minerals of Ontario. Geological Circular* 13. Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs**	Journal (issue)
	Rocks and Minerals of Ontario -- H f ONTARIO DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND NORTHERN AFFAIRS Honourable...and Minerals of Ontario By D. F. HEWITT Chief, Industrial Mineral Section Ontario Department of Mines...Early Precambrian pillow lavas; Munekun Lake, District of Kenora. (Courtesy L. D. Ayres). Lower right: Cleavage... (Courtesy The International Nickel Company of Canada, Limited). Centre left: Eurypterus lacustris, an...about 400 m.y. ago; Welland County. (Courtesy Shell Canada Ltd.). right: left: — — — Centre right: Archaeocrinus
	Gallagher, Shaun, Camacho, Alfredo, Fayek, Mostafa, Epp, Mark, Spell, Terry L., Armstrong, Richard (2018) Geology, geochemistry, and geochronology of the East Bay gold trend, Red Lake, Ontario, Canada. Mineralium Deposita, 53 (1) 127-141 doi:10.1007/s00126-017-0730-z	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	geochronology of the East Bay gold trend, Red Lake, Ontario, Canada Shaun Gallagher 1 & Alfredo Camacho 1 Terry...Lake greenstone belt is situated in northwestern Ontario within the Uchi Subprovince, Superior Province... Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada 2 Goldcorp Inc. Red Lake Gold Mines, 17 Mine Rd Bag 2000, Balmertown...Balmertown, ON P0V 1C0, Canada 3 Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland...alteration minerals in other deposits in the Red Lake district, indicating that the mineralizing fluid history
	Breaks, F.W., Tindle, A.G., Smith, S.R. (1999) Geology, mineralogy and exploration potential of the Big Mack pegmatite system: a newly discovered western extension of the Separation Rapids pegmatite group, NW Ontario. Open File Report 6000. Ontario Geological Survey	Report (issue)
	Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6000 Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1999 1999...1999 ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open File Report 6000 Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1999...Subprovince, northwestern Ontario; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1999, Ontario Geological Survey...Printer for Ontario, 1999 © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 1999. Open File Reports of the Ontario Geological...at the regional Mines and Minerals office whose district includes the area covered by the report (see below)
	Kerr, M., Hanley, J., Morrison, G., Everest, J., Bray, C. (2015) Preliminary Evaluation of Trace Hydrocarbon Speciation and Abundance as an Exploration Tool for Footwall-Style Sulfide Ores Associated with the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 110 (2) 531-556 doi:10.2113/econgeo.110.2.531	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Associated with the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada* Mitchell Kerr,1,† Jacob Hanley,1 Gordon Morrison... Nova Scotia, Canada 2 TMAC 3 KGHM 4 Department Resources, Toronto, Ontario, Canada International...Sudbury, Ontario, Canada of Earth Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Abstract...Range footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada. The deposits have been modified chemically...at the Morrison deposit (Levack mine, North Range, Sudbury, Ontario) with barren breccia zones. Trace
	Poulin, Rémy S., Kontak, Daniel J., McDonald, Andrew, McCLenaghan, M. Beth (2018) Assessing Scheelite As an Ore-deposit Discriminator Using Its Trace-element and REE Chemistry. The Canadian Mineralogist, 56 (3) 265-302 doi:10.3749/canmin.1800005	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Road, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada M. BETH MCCLENAGHAN Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street...Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E8, Canada ABSTRACT Scheelite (CaWO4) collected from 37 different ore-deposit...Samson 2011, Mao et al. 2016). Most recently, titanite has shown promise as an ore deposit discriminator...University Stable Isotopic Facilities, Kingston, Ontario, Canada using the BrF5 method (Clayton & Mayeda 1963)...Cantung, NWT, Canada (n ¼ 5; Yuvan 2006); þ1 to þ1.3% for Grey River, Newfoundland, Canada (n ¼ 2; Higgins
	*(2022) Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 2022. Open File Report* 6390. Ontario Geological Survey**	Report (issue)
	GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed...indicated, copyright is held by the King’s Printer for Ontario. It is recommended that reference to the Content...form: Ontario Geological Survey 2022. Summary of Field Work and Other Activities, 2022; Ontario Geological...Summary of Field Work and Other Activities, 2022, Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6390, p.31-1...670-5691 Toll-Free: 1-888-415-9845, ext. 5691 (inside Canada, United States) Pubsales.ndm@ontario.ca The Purchase
	*Traill, R. J. (1970) A Catalogue of Canadian Minerals. Paper* 69-45. Geological Survey of Canada**	Report (issue)
	PAPER 69-45 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, MINES AND RESOURCES A CATALOGUE OF...MINERALS R. J. Traill ' GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA CANADA PAPER 69-45 A CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN MINERALS...n's Printer, Ottawa from the Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth St., Ottawa and Canadian Government bookshops...to change without notic e Queen ' s Printer for Canada Ottawa 1970 A CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN MINERALS...has elapsed since T . Sterry Hunt in Geology of Canada, 1863 , presented the first descriptive list of
	*(1904) Bibliography and index of North American geology, paleontology, petrology, and mineralogy for the year 1903. Bulletin* Vol. 240. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b240**	Report (volume)
	Bulletin, vol. 3, nos. 7-14, 1903. Berkeley, Cal. Canada Geological Survey: Summary Report for-1902; Eeport...Mesozoic Fossils, vol. 1, pt. 5, 1903. Ottawa, Canada. Canada Royal Society: Proceedings and Transactions...vol. 8,-1902. Ottawa, Canada. Canadian Mining Review, vol. 22, 1903. Ottawa, Canada. Canadian Record of...of Science, vol. 9, nos. 1 and 2,1903. Montreal, Canada. Carnegie Institution of Washington: Yearbook no...Journal and Proceedings, no. 19, 1903. Hamilton, Ontario. Harvard College, Museum of Comparative Zoology:
	Smith, C.M., Canil, D., Rowins, S.M., Friedman, R. (2012) Reduced granitic magmas in an arc setting: The Catface porphyry Cu–Mo deposit of the Paleogene Cascade Arc. Lithos, 154. 361-373 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2012.08.001	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, B.C., Canada, V8W 3P6 British Columbia Geological Survey, British...and Mines, 1810 Blanshard Street, Victoria, B.C., Canada, V8W 9N3 Paciﬁc Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical...British Columbia, 6339 Stores Road, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, V6T 1Z4 a r t i c l e i n f o Article history:...semi-continuous belt from Oregon to Alaska (Fig. 1) (Madsen, 2004; Madsen et al., 2006). In this study, we investigate...magmatism recognized on Vancouver Island (Madsen, 2004; Madsen et al., 2006). A combination of thermobarometry
	BEESKOW, B, TRELOAR, P, RANKIN, A, VENNEMANN, T, SPANGENBERG, J (2006) A reassessment of models for hydrocarbon generation in the Khibiny nepheline syenite complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Lithos, 91 (1) 1-18 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2006.03.006	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	origin or genesis (see review of Potter and Konnerup-Madsen, 2003). In principle, hydrocarbon gases in igneous...respeciation of a primary CO2– H2O-bearing fluid (Konnerup-Madsen et al., 1985). (3) Post-magmatic mineral-fluid...and accessory minerals, which include eudialyte, titanite and astrophyllite (Yakovenchuk et al., 1999)....free gas leads to continued seepage of methane into mine workings (Nivin et al., 2001). It is trapped in...K-rich feldspar and nepheline around biotite; and titanite rimming ilmenite. None of the samples studied
	Potter, Joanna, Salvi, Stefano, Longstaffe, Fred J. (2013) Abiogenic hydrocarbon isotopic signatures in granitic rocks: Identifying pathways of formation. Lithos, 182. 114-124 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2013.10.001	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada Géosciences Environnement Toulouse...complexes from Lovozero, Russia and Strange Lake, Canada. Based on the distribution of isotopic compositions...(Beeskow et al., 2006; Graser et al., 2008; Konnerup-Madsen and Rose-Hansen, 1982; Nivin et al., 1995; Potter...Russia and the Strange Lake peralkaline complex, Canada. The origin of hydrocarbon gases in peralkaline...including Khibina and Lovozero, Russia, Strange Lake, Canada and Ilímaussaq, Greenland remains controversial
	Klemd, R., Wülbers, A., Hallbauer, D. K., Barton, J. M. (1994) Evidence for the origin of hydrothermal alteration in granitoids after witwatersrand basin deposition, South Africa. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 41 (2) 131-140 doi:10.1080/08120099408728121	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	the Ventersdorp Contact Reef (Elandersrand Gold Mine) yield ages of 2.3-2.0 Ga (Barton et al. 1988)....metamict), pyritized monazite, secondary anhedral titanite, and pyrite, often intergrown with carbon nodules...= 0.05 mm; polarized light. veins. Secondary titanite also occurs in veinlets (Fig. 4). Secondary-hydrothermal...MATTER Fig. 4 Fracture filling of sericite (se) and titanite (ti). Sample TKB 2. Scale bar = 0.1 mm; normal...a CaCh-NaClKCI-H2O system is assumed (Konnerup-Madsen 1979). observed within the aqueous gas bubble
	Bateman, R., Ayer, J. A., Dube, B. (2008) The Timmins-Porcupine Gold Camp, Ontario: Anatomy of an Archean Greenstone Belt and Ontogeny of Gold Mineralization. Economic Geology, 103 (6) 1285-1308 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.103.6.1285	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	pp. 1285–1308 The Timmins-Porcupine Gold Camp, Ontario: Anatomy of an Archean Greenstone Belt and Ontogeny...933 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 6B5 J. A. AYER, Ontario Geological Survey, Precambrian...Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 6B5, Canada AND B. DUBÉ Geological Survey of Canada, 490 rue de la Couronne...Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada Abstract New structural and geochronological data and interpretations...Timiskaming assemblage conglomerate at the Dome mine, and D3 foliation and folds crosscut early ankerite
	Mvondo, H., Lentz, D., Bardoux, M., McFarlane, C.M., Archibald, D. (2017) Laser Ablation ICP-MS U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar age constraints on Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic magmatic and tectono-metamorphic evolution of the link between Hope Bay and Elu greenstone belts, northeast Slave craton, NWT, Canada. Gondwana Research, 51. 1-16 doi:10.1016/j.gr.2017.06.012	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	greenstone belts, northeast Slave craton, NWT, Canada H. Mvondo, D. Lentz, M. Bardoux, C.M. McFarlane...greenstone belts, northeast Slave craton, NWT, Canada, (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2017.06.012 This is...greenstone belts, northeast Slave craton, NWT, Canada T H. Mvondo1, D. Lentz1, M. Bardoux2, C.M. McFarlane2...Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada* 2 Barrick Gold Corporation, Montreal, BC, Canada 3 Department of Geological...Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, CR US ON, Canada IP 1 AN ____________________ AC CE PT ED
	Nivin, Valentin A. (2019) Occurrence Forms, Composition, Distribution, Origin and Potential Hazard of Natural Hydrogen–Hydrocarbon Gases in Ore Deposits of the Khibiny and Lovozero Massifs: A Review. Minerals, 9 (9) 535 doi:10.3390/min9090535	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	apatite and, to a lesser extent, nepheline and titanite) and the Lovozero loparite (REE–Ti–Ta–Nb) deposit...Ilimaussaq in Greenland [22–28]; and Strange Lake in Canada [29–32]). But only in the Khibiny and Lovozero...and explosive hydrogen–hydrocarbon gases to the mine air. This factor, among others, complicates the...(rischorrite), malignite, as well as apatite-nepheline and titanite-apatite-nepheline ores. Late pegmatite and hydrothermal...stockwork-like bodies of of apatite-nepheline titanite-apatite-nepheline (0.01–200 m thick and 0.01–15
	POTTER, J (2004) Abiogenic Fischer?Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons in alkaline igneous rocks; fluid inclusion, textural and isotopic evidence from the Lovozero complex, N.W. Russia. Lithos, 75 (3) 311-330 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2004.03.003	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	igneous complexes (see review by Potter and Konnerup-Madsen, 2003). A number of potential origins have been...origin (e.g., Karzhavin and Vendillo, 1970; Konnerup-Madsen et al., 1985; Kogarko et al., 1987), and a postmagmatic...and Ilı́maussaq; Potter et al., 1998; Konnerup-Madsen et al., 1979) are used here to test and discuss...the lowest PI ( f 1.04) contain arfvedsonite, titanite and sodalite indicating a low agpaicity. The more...of the relevant literature, Potter and Konnerup-Madsen (2003) showed that there are two likely models
	Sherlock, R. L., Shannon, A., Hebel, M., Lindsay, D., Madsen, J., Sandeman, H., Hrabi, B., Mortensen, J. K., Tosdal, R. M., Friedman, R. (2012) Volcanic Stratigraphy, Geochronology, and Gold Deposits of the Archean Hope Bay Greenstone Belt, Nunavut, Canada. Economic Geology, 107 (5) 991-1042 doi:10.2113/econgeo.107.5.991	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	the Archean Hope Bay Greenstone Belt, Nunavut, Canada* Ross L. Sherlock,1,2,3,† Andrew Shannon,4 Manfred...Manfred Hebel,5 Darren Lindsay,2,6 Julianne Madsen,2,3 Hamish Sandeman,1,7 Blair Hrabi,2,8 James K. Mortensen...Richard Friedman 5,9 1 Canada Nunavut Geoscience Office, Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada X0A 0H0 Mining Corporation...Columbia, Canada V7P 3S1 3 Gold Fields, Ste. 400, 1155 Robson St., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E...British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 5Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences
	Bell, Robin-Marie, Kolb, Jochen, Waight, Tod Earle, Bagas, Leon, Thomsen, Tonny B. (2017) A Palaeoproterozoic multi-stage hydrothermal alteration system at Nalunaq gold deposit, South Greenland. Mineralium Deposita, 52 (3) 383-404 doi:10.1007/s00126-016-0667-7	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	site of Greenland’s only operating metalliferous mine until its closure in 2014, having produced 10.67...investigation, petrography and U/Pb zircon and titanite geochronology to define a multistage hydrothermal...te(-chloriteplagioclase-löllingite-tourmaline-titanite), which is best developed in areas of exceptionally...age for mineralisation. A hydrothermal calcite-titanite alteration assemblage is dated to ca. 1766 Ma;...Greenland, which operated as Greenland’s only metal mine from 2004 until its closure in 2014 after producing
	SALVI, S, WILLIAMSJONES, A (2006) Alteration, HFSE mineralisation and hydrocarbon formation in peralkaline igneous systems: Insights from the Strange Lake Pluton, Canada. Lithos, 91 (1) 19-34 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2006.03.040	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	systems: Insights from the Strange Lake Pluton, Canada Stefano Salvi a,⁎, Anthony E. Williams-Jones b...Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H2A 3A7 Received 30 August 2005; accepted 13 March...middle-Proterozoic intrusion of peralkaline granite in northeast Canada. This pluton contains some of the highest concentrations...inclusions in these rocks (e.g., Potter and Konnerup-Madsen, 2003; Nivin et al., 2005). Much of the HFSE enrichment...granite-syenite and Strange Lake granite complexes in Canada (Trueman et al., 1988; Salvi and Williams-Jones
	Szilas, Kristoffer, Garde, Adam A. (2013) Mesoarchaean aluminous rocks at Storø, southern West Greenland: New age data and evidence of premetamorphic seafloor weathering of basalts. Chemical Geology, 354. 124-138 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.07.001	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	isotopic studies, drilling and 3D modelling (Grahl-Madsen, 1994; Skyseth, 1996; Trepka-Bloch, 1996; Appel...composed of hornblende and plagioclase and up to 10% titanite (Fig. 3a–b). The metamorphic textures appear well-equilibrated...ﬁne- to medium-grained hornblende–plagioclase–titanite bearing rocks. Small proportions of garnet and...synthesis. Ore Geology Reviews 18, 1–75. Grahl-Madsen, L., 1994. Storø gold project, Southwest Greenland...plot for classifying subalkalic volcanic rocks. Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous Paper, 66 (22
	*(2003) A review of the occurrence and origin of abiogenic hydrocarbons in igneous rocks. Special Publication, 214. Geological Society of London. 151-173 doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2003.214.01.10*	Report (chapter)
	hydrocarbons in igneous rocks J. Potter and J. Konnerup-Madsen Geological Society, London, Special Publications...on August 23, 2012 152 J. POTTER & J. KONNERUP-MADSEN types, from ultrabasic and basic rocks (Jeffrey...2001), to alkaline rocks (Gerlach 1980; Konnerup-Madsen et al. 1985; Jeffrey & Kaplan 1988; Ting et al...Petersilie & Sorensen 1970 Konnerup-Madsen & Rose-Hansen 1982 Konnerup-Madsen et al. 1985 Larsen et al. 1992...Greenland Skaergaard, Greenland Canada & Finland Kidd Creek, Canada Siljan, Finland Strange Lake, Quebec
	*Mandarino, Joseph A. (2001) New minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39 (5) 1473-1502 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.39.5.1473*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	MANDARINO§ 94 Moore Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4T 1V3, Canada The abstracts that follow conform to the...Associated minerals are: hematite, magnetite, titanite, götzenite, clinopyroxene, nepheline and biotite...borehole at the Korshunovskoye boron deposit, Irkutsk district, Siberia, Russia. Occurrence: In dolomite marble...Bi3+24Cr6+8O57(OH)6•3H2O T RIGONAL Locality: São José mine, Lavra da Posse, São José de Brejaúba, Conceição...perthite, microcline, albite, phlogopite, quartz, titanite, rutile, apatite, pyrite and zircon. General appearance:

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Titanite from Madsen Mine, Baird Township, Kenora District, Ontario, Canada

Titanite from
Madsen Mine, Baird Township, Kenora District, Ontario, Canada