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Ophthalmosaurinae ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	212185	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=212185

Rank

subfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ichthyosauria : Ophthalmosauridae : Ophthalmosaurinae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Ichthyosauromorpha	Motani et al. 2015
-	Ichthyosauriformes	Motani et al. 2015
-	Ichthyopterygia
-	Eoichthyosauria	Motani 1999
-	Ichthyosauria
-	Parvipelvia	Motani 1999
-	Neoichthyosauria	Sander 2000
-	Thunnosauria	Motani 1999
-	Baracromia	Fischer et al. 2013
family	Ophthalmosauridae	Appleby 1956
subfamily	Ophthalmosaurinae	Baur 1887

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Ophthalmosaurinae	subfamily	belongs to Ophthalmosauridae	stated with evidence	Fischer et al., 2012
Ophthalmosaurinae	subfamily	belongs to Ophthalmosauridae	stated without evidence	Fischer et al., 2013
Ophthalmosaurinae	subfamily	belongs to Ophthalmosauridae	stated with evidence	Arkhangelsky and Zverkov, 2014

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

201 - 174 Ma
Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

105 - 94 Ma
Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Ichthyosauria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ichthyosauria)

Diet

carnivore (based on Ichthyosauria)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Ichthyosauria)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite (based on Ichthyosauria)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

V. Fischer, M. W. Maisch, and D. Naish, R. Kosma, J. Liston, U. Joger, F. J. Krüger, J. Pardo Pérez, J. Tainsh, R. M. Appleby. 2012. New ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous demonstrate extensive ichthyosaur survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary. PLoS One 7(1):e29234

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Acamptonectes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	136 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cryopterygius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	152 Ma Late Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Janusaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	152 Ma Late Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Leninia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mollesaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	172 Ma Middle Jurassic	172 Ma Middle Jurassic
Ophthalmosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	26	201 Ma Early Jurassic	140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Palvennia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	152 Ma Late Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Paraophthalmosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	152 Ma Late Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Undorosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1887	Ophthalmosaurinae Baur
1888	Ophthalmosaurus cantabrigiensis Lydekker
1905	Ophthalmosaurus cantabrigiensis Gilmore p. 125
1909	Ichthyosaurus brunsvicensis Broili
2012	Ophthalmosaurinae Fischer et al.
2013	Ophthalmosaurinae Fischer et al.
2014	Ophthalmosaurinae Arkhangelsky and Zverkov
2014	Ophthalmosaurinae Robert et al. p. 22 fig. 15

References

Fischer V., Maisch M. W., et al (2012) New ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous demonstrate extensive ichthyosaur survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary, PLoS One 7 1, e29234 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029234

Gilmore C. W. (1905) Osteology of Baptanodon (Marsh), Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum 2 2, 77-129

Fischer V., Arkhangelsky M. S., et al (2013) A new Lower Cretaceous ichthyosaur from Russia reveals skull shape conservatism within Ophthalmosaurinae, Geological Magazine doi:10.1017/S0016756812000994

Arkhangelsky M. S., Zverkov N. G. (2014) On a new ichthyosaur of the genus Undurosaurus, Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 318 5, 187-196

Robert A. J., Druckenmiller P. S., et al (2014) A new Upper Jurassic ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Slottsmøya Member, Agardhfjellet Formation of central Spitsbergen, PLoS One 9 8, 1-24 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103152

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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