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Spiraculata ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	30868	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=30868

Rank

order (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Spiraculata

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Blastozoa	Sprinkle 1973
subclass	Blastoidea	Say 1825
order	Spiraculata	Jaekel 1918

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Spiraculata	order	belongs to Blastoidea	stated without evidence	Macurda, 1964
Spiraculata	order	belongs to Blastoidea	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

109

First Recorded Appearance

433 - 427 Ma
Silurian

Last Recorded Appearance

279 - 272 Ma
Permian

Environment

marine (based on Echinodermata)

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Blastoidea)

Vision

blind (based on Blastoidea)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Blastoidea)

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Echinodermata)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite (based on Echinodermata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pentremitidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	232	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	296 Ma Permian
Schizoblastidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	2	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Acentrotremites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ambolostoma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Arcuoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Auloblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Belocrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Calycoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	290 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Carpenteroblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Conuloblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cordyloblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Costatoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Cribroblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cryptoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Decemoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Deliablastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	8	354 Ma Carboniferous	354 Ma Carboniferous
Dentiblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	345 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Devonoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	3	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Diploblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	28	345 Ma Carboniferous	336 Ma Carboniferous
Doryblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Elaeacrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Eleutherocrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Ellipticoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Euryoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	354 Ma Carboniferous	354 Ma Carboniferous
Globoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Gongyloblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Granatocrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	8	354 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Heteroblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Houiblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Iranoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Kadiskoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Lophoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	354 Ma Carboniferous	354 Ma Carboniferous
Malchiblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Metablastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	6	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	345 Ma Carboniferous
Monadoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Monoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Monoschizablastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Montanablastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Nodoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Nucleocrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	5	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Orbiblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Orbitremites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	5	354 Ma Carboniferous	345 Ma Carboniferous
Pentephyllum ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pentremoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Perittoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Placoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	5	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Poroblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ptychoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pyramiblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Schizoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Schizotremites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Sinopetaloblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	6	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Strongyloblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Tanablastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Tricoelocrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	279 Ma Permian	279 Ma Permian
Troosticrinus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	433 Ma Silurian	427 Ma Silurian
Uyguroblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Xinjiangoblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Xyeleblastus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	12	354 Ma Carboniferous	354 Ma Carboniferous

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1918	Spiraculata Jaekel p. 107
1964	Spiraculata Macurda, Jr. p. 106
2002	Spiraculata Sepkoski, Jr.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Macurda, Jr. D. B. (1964) A new spiraculate blastoid, Pyramiblastus,from the Mississippian Hampton Formation of Iowa, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 19 8, 105-114

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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