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Polyphaga

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	69199	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=69199

Rank

suborder (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Polyphaga

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
-	Aparaglossata
-	Coleopterida	Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence 2004
order	Coleoptera	Linnaeus 1758
suborder	Polyphaga	Emery 1886

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Polyphaga	suborder	belongs to Coleoptera	stated without evidence	Crowson, 1981
Polyphaga	suborder	belongs to Coleoptera	stated with evidence	Bouchard et al., 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

8,671

Extant Size (PBDB)

3,416 (39%)

First Recorded Appearance

260 - 252 Ma
Permian

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. A. Crowson. 1981. The Biology of the Coleoptera. Academic Press, New York

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Bostrichiformia genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	225	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Bostrychiformia infraorder	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Cucujiformia genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4,488	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Derodontiformia genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Elateriformia genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,737	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Eucinetiformia infraorder	listed (PBDB)	13	122 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Scarabaeiformia genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	659	201 Ma Early Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Staphyliniformia genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2,176	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Peltosynidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Angarolarva ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	183 Ma Early Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Cryptophagites ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Elmadulescens ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Jingxidiscus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	122 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Larvula ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Melanocantharis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Mormolucoides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Plastelater ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	170 Ma Middle Jurassic
Polysitum ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	260 Ma Permian	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Potamophilites ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Ranis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	201 Ma Early Jurassic	166 Ma Middle Jurassic
Rhysopsalis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	183 Ma Early Jurassic	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sphaerocantharis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	183 Ma Early Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Syntomopterus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1886	Polyphaga Emery
1891	Escheria punctulata Förster p. 361 figs. Pl 11, figs 8a,b
1891	Escheria dimidiata Förster p. 363 figs. Pl 11, figs 10a,b
1891	Escheria crassipunctata Förster p. 364 figs. Pl 11, fig 11
1937	Hydrobius crassipunctatus Theobald p. 169 figs. Pl XII fig 28
1937	Limnius perrini Theobald p. 284 figs. Pl XX fig 1
1977	Mesosperchus notatus Ponomarenko p. 110 figs. Pl 9, fig 5; text-fig 59

Year	Name and Author
1981	Polyphaga Crowson p. 694
1992	Polyphaga Carpenter
1995	Polyphaga Lawrence and Newton, Jr.
2002	Tomocoleites Hong p. 147
2002	Tomocoleites longigastrulatus Hong p. 147 figs. 2.6.126-135
2011	Polyphaga Bouchard et al.

References

Crowson R. A. (1981) The Biology of the Coleoptera, Academic Press, New York

Förster B. Die Insekten der "Plattigen Steinmergels" von Brunstatt, Abhandlungen zur Geologischen Specialkarte von Elsass-Lothringen, Band 3 1, 335-593

Theobald N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocènes de France, Bulletin Mensuel (Mémoires) de la Société des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1-473

Ponomarenko A. G. (1977) Suborder Adephaga, Polyphaga Incertae Sedis, Infraorder Staphyliniformia, in Mezozoiskie zhestkokryiye [Mesozoic Coleoptera], Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 161, 17-119

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Lawrence J. F., Newton, Jr. A. F. (1995) Families and subfamilies of Coleoptera, Biology, Phylogeny and Classification of Coleoptera: Papers Celebrating the 80th Birthday of Roy A Crowson, 779-1006

Hong Y. C. (2002) , Amber Insects of China, 1-653

Bouchard P., Bousquet Y., et al (2011) Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta), ZooKeys 88, 1-972

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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