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Apoidea

Photos

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	70733	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=70733

Rank

superfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apoidea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
order	Hymenoptera	Linnaeus 1758
-	Unicalcarida	Schulmeister et al. 2002
suborder	Vespina
suborder	Apocrita	Gerstaecker 1867
-	Aculeata
superfamily	Apoidea	Latreille 1802

Common Name

apoid wasp

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Apoidea	superfamily	belongs to Apocrita	stated without evidence	Hong, 1983
Apoidea	superfamily	belongs to Aculeata	stated with evidence	Brothers, 1999
Apoidea	superfamily	belongs to Apocrita	stated with evidence	Wappler, 2003
Apoidea	superfamily	belongs to Aculeata	stated with evidence	Heraty et al., 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

641

Extant Size (PBDB)

198 (31%)

First Recorded Appearance

145 - 140 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

P. A. Latreille. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Ammoplanidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Ampulicidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Cockroach Wasp	12	122 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Angarosphecidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		59	145 Ma Late Jurassic	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Astatidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Bembicidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Crabronidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		28	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Dasypodaidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Heterogynaidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Melittosphecidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mellinidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Paleomelittidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Pemphredonidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Aphid Wasp	33	145 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Philanthidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	37.2 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Psenidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Sphecidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Digger Wasp	20	145 Ma Late Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Cirrosphecinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dioxys genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Stelis genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Trigampulex ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anthophila genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Bee	362	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1802	Sphecoidea Latreille p. 331
1802	Apoidea Latreille p. 373
1899	Sphegoidea Ashmead
1975	Sphecoidea Rasnitsyn
1983	Apoidea Hong pp. 9-8
1985	Apoidea Hong and Wang pp. 20-21
1999	Apoidea Brothers p. 233
2003	Apoidea Wappler p. 119
2011	Apoidea Heraty et al.

References

Latreille P. A. , Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième, 1-467

Rasnitsyn A. P. (1975) Hymenoptera Apocrita of Mesozoic, Transactions of the Palaeontological Institute Academy of Sciences of the USSR 147, 1-134

Hong Y. C. (1983) Fossil insects in the diatoms of Shanwang, Bulletin of the Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources 8, 1-15

Hong Y., Wang W. (1985) Miocene Diptera and Hymenoptera (Insecta) of Shanwang, Shandong Province, China, Memoirs of the Beijing Natural History Museum 31, 1-22

Brothers D. J. (1999) Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea), Zoologica Scripta 28 1-2, 233-249 doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.1999.00003.

Wappler T. (2003) Systematik, Phylogenie, Taphonomie und Paläoökologie der Insekten aus dem Mittel-Eozän des Eckfelder Maares, Vulkaneifel, Clausthaler Geowissenschaften 2, 1-241

Heraty J., Ronquist F., et al (2011) Evolution of the hymenopteran megaradiation, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 60, 73-88

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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