| Source Data | |
|---|
| Rank | family (PBDB) |
|---|
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Varanopidae |
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Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
|---|
| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
|---|
| Varanopidae | family | belongs to Sphenacodontia | stated without evidence | Romer and Price, 1940 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Sphenacodontia | stated with evidence | Kuhn, 1946 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Sphenacodontia | stated without evidence | Haughton and Brink, 1954 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Sphenacodontia | stated with evidence | Kuhn, 1966 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Sphenacodontia | stated without evidence | Langston and Reisz, 1981 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated without evidence | Kemp, 1982 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Pelycosauria | stated with evidence | Eberth and Brinkman, 1983 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated without evidence | Reisz, 1986 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Pelycosauria | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated without evidence | Dilkes and Reisz, 1996 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated with evidence | Reisz and Dilkes, 2003 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated without evidence | Anderson and Reisz, 2004 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | implied | Martens et al., 2005 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated with evidence | Maddin et al., 2006 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Synapsida | implied | Reisz and Modesto, 2007 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Varanopoidea | stated without evidence | Ivakhnenko, 2008 | | Varanopidae | family | belongs to Eupelycosauria | stated with evidence | Evans et al., 2009 |
|
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 39 |
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| First Recorded Appearance | 303 - 299 Ma
Carboniferous |
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| Last Recorded Appearance | 265 - 260 Ma
Permian |
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| Environment | terrestrial (based on Amniota) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes) |
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| Taphonomy | phosphatic (based on Vertebrata) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | A. S. Romer and L. I. Price. 1940. Review of the Pelycosauria. Geological Society of America Special Paper 28:1-538 |
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| Romer A. S., Price L. I. (1940) Review of the Pelycosauria, Geological Society of America Special Paper 28, 1-538 |
| Kuhn O. (1946) Das System der fossilen und rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien [The system of fossil and recent amphibians and reptiles], Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bamberg 29, 49-67 |
| Haughton S. H., Brink A. S. (1954) A bibliographical list of Reptilia from the Karroo Beds of South Africa, Palaeontologia Africana 2, 1-187 |
| Fox R. C. (1962) Two New Pelycosaurs from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma, University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History 12 6, 297-307 |
| Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154 |
| Langston W., Reisz R. R. (1981) Aerosaurus wellesi, new species, a varanopseid mammal-like reptile (Synapsida: Pelycosauria) from the Lower Permian of New Mexico, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1 1, 73-96 |
| Kemp T. S. (1982) , Mammal-like Reptiles and the Origin of Mammals, 1-363 |
| Eberth D. A., Brinkman D. (1983) Ruthiromia elcobriensis, a New Pelycosaur from El Cobre Canyon, New Mexico, Breviora 474, 1-26 |
| Reisz R. R. (1986) Pelycosauria, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie / Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology 17A, 1-102 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Dilkes D. W., Reisz R. R. (1996) First record of a basal synapsid (‘mammal-like reptile’) in Gondwana, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 263, 1165-1170 |
| Reisz R. R., Dilkes D. W. (2003) Archaeovenator hamiltonensis, a new varanopid (Synapsida: Eupelycosauria) from the Upper Carboniferous of Kansas, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40 4, 667-678 |
| Anderson J. S., Reisz R. R. (2004) Pyozia mesenensis, a New, Small Vapanopid (Synapsida: Eupelycosauria) from Russia: ‘‘Pelycosaur’’ Diversity in the Middle Permian, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 1, 173-179 |
| Reisz R. R., Laurin M. (2004) A reevaluation of the enigmatic Permian synapsid Watongia and of its stratigraphic significance, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 41 4, 377-386 |
| Martens T., Berman D. S., et al (2005) The Bromacker Quarry - the Most Important Locality of Lower Permian Terrestrial Vertebrate Fossils Outside of North America, The Nonmarine Permian. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 30, 214-215 |
| Maddin H. C., Evans D. C., et al (2006) An Early Permian varanodontine varanopid (Synapsida: Eupelycosauria) from the Richards Spur locality, Oklahoma, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 4, 957-966 doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[957:aepvvs]2.0.co;2 |
| Reisz R. R., Modesto S. P. (2007) Heleosaurus scholtzi from the Permian of South Africa: a Varanopid Synapsid, not a Diapsid Reptile, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 3, 734-739 |
| Ivakhnenko M. F. (2008) Podklass Ophiacomorpha, Iskopaemye pozvonotchnye Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: Iskopaemye reptilii i ptitsy, Tchast' 1 [Fossil vertebrates of Russia and adjacent countries: Fossil reptiles and birds, Part 1], GEOS, Moscow, 95-100 |
| Evans D. C., Maddin H. C., et al (2009) A Re-Evaluation of Sphenacodontid Synapsid Material from the Lower Permian Fissure Fills near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, Palaeontology 52 1, 219-227 doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00837.x |
Varanopidae ✝
