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Scoliodon

Description

Scoliodon is a genus of requiem sharks in the family Carcharhinidae. It was formerly thought to include only a single Indo-Pacific species, the spadenose shark (S. laticaudus), but recent taxonomic research has found two species, Scoliodon macrorhynchos and Scoliodon laticaudus.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2418223https://www.gbif.org/species/2418223
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)100438https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=100438
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Scoliodon
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carchariniformes : Carcharhinidae : Scoliodon
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
classChondrichthyesHuxley 1880
subclassElasmobranchiiBonaparte 1838
infraclassEuselachii
-NeoselachiiCompagno 1977
-Selachii
superorderGaleomorphi
orderCarchariniformes
familyCarcharhinidaeJordan and Evermann 1896
genusScoliodonMüller & Henle
Scientific NameScoliodon Müller & Henle
Name Published InMüller, J. & F. G. J. Henle. 1837. Gattungen der Haifische und Rochen nach einer von ihm mit Hrn. Henle unternommenen gemeinschaftlichen Arbeit über die Naturgeschichte der Knorpelfische. Berichte. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1837: 111-118.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Scoliodonsubgenusbelongs to Carchariasstated without evidenceWoodward, 1889
Scoliodongenusbelongs to Galeidaestated without evidenceJordan, 1963
Scoliodongenusbelongs to Carcharhinidaestated without evidenceCase, 1980
Scoliodongenusbelongs to Scoliodontinaestated without evidenceLong, 1992
Scoliodongenusbelongs to Carcharhinidaestated with evidenceCompagno, 2005
Scoliodongenusbelongs to Carcharhinidaestated without evidenceEbersole et al., 2019
Taxon Size (PBDB)4
First Recorded Appearance55.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Environmentmarine (based on Vertebrata)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Carchariniformes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Carchariniformes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)G. R. Case. 1980. A Selachian Fauna from the Trent Formation, Lower Miocene (Aquitanian) of Eastern North Carolina. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 171(Lfg. 1-3):75-103
Common Name(s) トガリアンコウザメ, Spadenose Sharks
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoliodon

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Scoliodon conecuhensis
species
listed (PBDB)
Scoliodon ganntourensis
species
listed (PBDB)548.6 Ma
Eocene
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Scoliodon laticaudus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Scoliodon macrorhynchos
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Scoliodon terraenovae
species
listed (PBDB)237.2 Ma
Eocene
23.0 Ma
Miocene

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Scolliodon GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Scolliodon
Physodon Valenciennes, 1838GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Physodon

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1837Scoliodon Muller and Henle
1889Carcharias (Scoliodon) Woodward
1963Scoliodon Jordan p. 599
1980Scoliodon Case p. 86
1981Scoliodon Case p. 64
1992Scoliodon Long p. 29
2005Scoliodon Compagno
2019Scoliodon Ebersole et al. p. 80

References

Case G. R. (1980) A Selachian Fauna from the Trent Formation, Lower Miocene (Aquitanian) of Eastern North Carolina, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 171 Lfg. 1-3, 75-103
Woodward A. S. , Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural History) Part 1, 1-613
Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816
Case G. R. (1981) Late Eocene Selachians from South-Central Georgia, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 Lfg. 1-3, 52-79
Long D. J. (1992) Sharks from the La Meseta Formation (Eocene), Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12 1, 11-32
Compagno L. V. (2005) Chapter 16. Checklist of living Chondrichthyes, Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Chondrichthyes: Sharks, Batoids and Chimaeras, 503-548
Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585
Eschmeyer online (Jun 2012) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Ber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., 1837 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Marine Species
Eschmeyer, William N., ed., 1998: Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. 2905. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Compagno, Leonard J. V., 1984: Sharks of the World: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, no. 125, vol. 4, pt. 2. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Compagno, Leonard J. V. / Hamlett, William C., ed., 1999: Checklist of Living Elasmobranchs. Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. 471-498. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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