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Dicerorhinus

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Description

Dicerorhinus is a genus of the family Rhinocerotidae, consisting of a single extant species, the only two-horned Sumatran rhinoceros (D. sumatrensis), and several extinct species.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicerorhinus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2440877	https://www.gbif.org/species/2440877
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43199	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43199

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Dicerorhinus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Dicerorhinus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
order	Perissodactyla
-	Tapiromorpha
-	Ceratomorpha
superfamily	Rhinocerotoidea	Gray 1821
family	Rhinocerotidae	Gray 1821
subfamily	Rhinocerotinae	Gray 1821
tribe	Rhinocerotini
genus	Dicerorhinus	Gloger 1841

Scientific Name

Dicerorhinus Gloger, 1841

Name Published In

Handb. Naturgesch.: 125

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Dicerorhinus	genus	belongs to Dicerorhinini	stated without evidence	Loose, 1975
Dicerorhinus	genus	subjective synonym of Didermocerus	stated without evidence	Antunes and Mein, 1977
Dicerorhinus	genus	belongs to Dicerorhininae	stated without evidence	Xu, 1986
Dicerorhinus	genus	belongs to Rhinocerotidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Dicerorhinus	genus	belongs to Dicerorhinina	stated without evidence	Prothero and Schoch, 1989
Dicerorhinus	genus	belongs to Rhinocerotini	stated with evidence	Deng et al., 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

2 (40%)

First Recorded Appearance

28.4 - 20.4 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

browser

Ecospace Comments

life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicerorhinus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Dicerorhinus caucasicus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	13.7 Ma Miocene	13.7 Ma Miocene
Dicerorhinus cixianensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Dicerorhinus etruscus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		117	5.33 Ma Miocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Dicerorhinus hemitoechus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Dicerorhinus mercki species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dicerorhinus steinheimensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dicerorhinus sumatrensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Sumatran Rhino	1	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Didermocerus sansaniensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Didermocerus Brookes, 1828	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Didermocerus*
Didermoceros	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Didermoceros*
Ceratorhinus Gray, 1867	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Ceratorhinus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1828	Didermocerus Brookes
1841	Dicerorhinus Gloger
1975	Dicerorhinus Loose
1986	Dicerorhinus Xu
1988	Dicerorhinus Carroll
1988	Didermocerus Carroll
1989	Dicerorhinus Prothero and Schoch p. 536
2011	Dicerorhinus Deng et al. p. 1287

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Loose H. (1975) Pleistocene Rhinocerotidae of W. Europe with reference to the recent two-horned species of Africa and S. E. Asia, Scripta Geologica 33, 1-59

Prothero D. R., Schoch R. M. (1989) Classification of the Perissodactyla, The Evolution of Perissodactyla, 530-537

Deng T., Wang X., et al (2011) Out of Tibet: Pliocene woolly rhino suggests high-plateau origin of Ice Age megaherbivores, Science 333, 1285-1288 doi:10.1126/science.1206594

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 1080 Didermocerus Brookes, 1828 (Mammalia) suppressed under the Plenary Powers.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 34, 21-24 (1977) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Groves, Colin, and Peter Grubb, 2011: null. Ungulate Taxonomy. ix + 317. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Groves, Colin P., and Fred Kurt, 1972: Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. Mammalian Species, no. 21. 1-6. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2000. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Gemeinnütz. Naturges., 1 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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