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Heterodon

Description

Heterodon is a genus of harmless colubrid snakes endemic to North America. They are stout with upturned snouts and are perhaps best known for their characteristic threat displays. Three species are currently recognized. Members of the genus are commonly known as hognose snakes, hog-nosed snakes, North American hog-nosed snakes, and sometimes puff adders (though they should not be confused with the venomous African vipers of the genus Bitis).


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2443826https://www.gbif.org/species/2443826
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)38135https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38135
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Dipsadidae : Heterodon
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae : Heterodon
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Lepidosauromorpha
superorderLepidosauria
orderSquamataOppel 1811
suborderOphidia
-Serpentes
infraorderAlethinophidiaNopcsa 1923
-MacrostomataRitgen 1828
superfamilyBooideaGray 1825
-CaenophidiaHoffstetter 1939
superfamilyColubroideaOppel 1811
familyColubridaeOppel 1811
subfamilyXenodontinaeBonaparte 1845
genusHeterodonLatreille 1801
Common Namehog-nosed snake
Scientific NameHeterodon Latreille, 1801
Name Published InLatreille, Pierre A. 1801. Histoire naturelle des reptiles. / par C. S. Sonnini et P. A. Latreille. Deterville, Paris. Vol. 4: 1-410.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Heterodongenusbelongs to Colubridaestated with evidenceCope, 1875
Heterodongenusbelongs to Colubridaestated without evidenceBehler and King, 1979
Heterodongenusbelongs to ColubridaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Heterodongenusbelongs to Xenodontinaestated with evidenceParmley and Holman, 1995
Heterodongenusbelongs to Xenodontinaestated without evidenceUetz, 2005
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
Extant Size (PBDB)4 (80%)
First Recorded Appearance13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Booidea)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Common Name(s) Hog-nosed Snakes, North American Hog-nosed Snakes, Hog-nosed Snake
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterodon

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Heterodon brevis
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Heterodon gloydi
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Heterodon kennerlyi
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Heterodon nasicus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Western Hognose Snake1210.3 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Heterodon platirhinos
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Heterodon platyrhinos
species
listed (PBDB)Eastern Hognosed Snake2210.3 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Heterodon plionasicus âśť
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
410.3 Ma
Miocene
4.90 Ma
Pliocene
Heterodon simus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Southern Hognose Snake20.30 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Hetorodon Latreille, 1802GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Dipsadidae : Hetorodon

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1801Heterodon Latreille
1875Heterodon Cope p. 43
1979Heterodon Behler and King
1988Heterodon Carroll
1995Heterodon Parmley and Holman p. 85
2005Heterodon Uetz
2010Heterodon Parmley and Hunter p. 533

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Cope E. D. Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 1, 1-109
Behler J. L., King F. W. (1979) , National Audubon Society Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians: North America, 1-743
Parmley D., Holman J. A. (1995) Hemphillian (late Miocene) snakes from Nebraska, with comments on Arikareean through Blancan snakes of midcontinental North America, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15 1, 79-95
Uetz P. (2005) Suborder Ophidia (Serpentes)- Snakes, The European Molecular Biology Laboratory Reptile Database
Parmley D., Hunter K. B. (2010) Fossil snakes of the Clarendonian (late Miocene) Pratt Slide local fauna of Nebraska, with the description of a new natricine colubrid, Journal of Herpetology 44 4, 526-543 doi:10.1670/09-248.1
Flores-Villela, Oscar / McCoy, C. J., ed., 1993: Herpetofauna Mexicana: Lista anotada de las especies de anfibios y reptiles de MĂ©xico, cambios taxonĂłmicos recientes, y nuevas especies. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication, no. 17. iv + 73. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Zaher, Hussam, Felipe Gobbi Grazziotin, John E. Cadle, Robert W. Murphy, et al., 2009: Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo), vol. 49, no. 11. 115-153. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Suite Ă  Deterville ed. Buffon, Rept., 4 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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