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Adapidae ✝

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Description

Adapidae is a family of extinct primates that primarily radiated during the Eocene epoch between about 55 and 34 million years ago.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adapidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3239541	https://www.gbif.org/species/3239541
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	40749	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40749

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Adapidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
order	Primates	Linnaeus 1758
suborder	Strepsirrhini	Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812
infraorder	Adapiformes	Hoffstetter 1977
family	Adapidae	Trouessart 1879

Scientific Name

Adapidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Adapidae	family	belongs to Quadrumana	stated without evidence	Cope, 1889
Adapidae	family	belongs to Neopithecini	stated with evidence	Wortman, 1903
Adapidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated with evidence	Simpson, 1940
Adapidae	family	belongs to Lemuroidea	stated without evidence	Szalay, 1971
Adapidae	family	belongs to Lemuriformes	stated without evidence	Gingerich, 1975
Adapidae	family	belongs to Primates	stated without evidence	Sudre, 1979
Adapidae	family	belongs to Lemuriformes	stated without evidence	Hooker, 1986
Adapidae	family	belongs to Adapiformes	implied	Carroll, 1988
Adapidae	family	belongs to Strepsirhini	stated without evidence	Beard et al., 1994
Adapidae	family	belongs to Adapoidea	stated without evidence	Simons et al., 1995
Adapidae	family	belongs to Prosimii	stated without evidence	Simons, 1997
Adapidae	family	belongs to Adapiformes	stated with evidence	Gunnell and Miller, 2001
Adapidae	family	belongs to Euprimates	stated without evidence	Silcox et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 50.3 Ma
Eocene

Last Recorded Appearance

13.7 - 11.1 Ma
Miocene

Environment

terrestrial

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore

Reproduction

viviparous

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adapidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Adapinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		50	48.6 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Adapina ✝ subtribe	listed (PBDB)
Adapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		23	41.3 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Adapoides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Afradapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Aframonius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Agerinia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Anchomomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		17	48.6 Ma Eocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Azibius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Caenopithecus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Cercamonius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Djebelemur ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Donrussellia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Huerzeleris genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Indraloris ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Leptadapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	41.3 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Magnadapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mahgarita ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	46.2 Ma Eocene	40.4 Ma Eocene
Mazateronodon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Microadapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Nievesia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Omanodon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Panobius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Pelycodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	56.0 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Pronycticebus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Protoadapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Sinoadapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	11.6 Ma Miocene	8.70 Ma Miocene
Sivaladapis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	13.7 Ma Miocene	13.7 Ma Miocene
Lantianus xiehuensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Arisella capellae Crusafont Pairó, 1967	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Adapidae : *Arisella capellae*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1879	Adapidae Trouessart
1889	Adapidae Cope p. 876
1903	Adapidae Wortman p. 412
1940	Adapidae Simpson p. 200
1967	Arisella Crusafont Pairó
1967	Arisella capellae Crusafont Pairó
1971	Adapidae Szalay p. 3
1975	Adapidae Gingerich p. 164
1979	Adapidae Sudre p. 104

Year	Name and Author
1986	Adapidae Hooker p. 267
1988	Adapidae Carroll
1994	Adapidae Beard et al. p. 605
1995	Adapidae Simons et al. p. 578
1997	Adapidae Simons p. 180
1997	Adapidae Simons and Miller p. 7993
2001	Adapidae Gunnell and Miller p. 189
2004	Adapidae Kay et al. p. 100
2010	Adapidae Silcox et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Cope E. D. Synopsis of the families of Vertebrata, The American Naturalist 23, 1-29

Simpson G. G. (1940) Studies on the earliest primates, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77 4, 185-212

Szalay F. S. (1971) The European adapid primates Agerina and Pronycticebus, American Museum Novitates 2466, 1-18

Gingerich P. D. (1975) A new genus of Adapidae (Mammalia, Primates) from the late Eocene of southern France, and its significance for the origin of higher primates, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 24 15, 163-170

Sudre J. (1979) Nouveaux Mammifères Eocènes du Sahara Occidental, Palaeovertebrata 9 3, 83-115

Hooker J. J. (1986) Mammals from the Bartonian (middle/late Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin, southern England, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 39 4, 191-478

Beard K. C., Qi T., et al (1994) A diverse new primate fauna from middle Eocene fissure-fillings in southeastern China, Nature 368, 604-609

Simons E. L., Rasmussen D. T., et al (1995) New cercamoniine adapid from Fayum, Egypt, Journal of Human Evolution 29 6, 577-589

Simons E. L. (1997) Discovery of the Smallest Fayum Egyptian Primates (Anchomomyini, Adapidae), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94 1, 180-184

Simons E. L., Miller E. R. (1997) An upper dentition of Aframonius dieides (Primates) from the Fayum, Egyptian Eocene, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94, 7993-7996

Gunnell G. F., Miller E. R. (2001) Origin of anthropoidea: Dental evidence and recognition of early anthropoids in the fossil record, with comments on the Asian anthropoid radiation, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 114 3, 177-191

Kay R. F., Williams B. A., et al (2004) Anthropoid origins: a phylogenetic analysis, in Anthropoid Origins: New Visions (eds. C.F. Ross and R.F. Kay), 91-135

Silcox M. T., Bloch J. I., et al (2010) Cranial anatomy of Paleocene and Eocene Labidolemur kayi (Mammalia: Apatotheria), and the relationships of the Apatemyidae to other mammals, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160, 773-825

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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