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Eusmilus ✝

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Description

Eusmilus ('true sabre') is a prehistoric genus of nimravid that lived in Europe during the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene epochs (37.2—28.4 mya).

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusmilus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4833343	https://www.gbif.org/species/4833343
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	41040	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41040

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Nimravidae : Eusmilus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
suborder	Feliformia	Kretzoi 1945
family	Nimravidae	Cope 1880
subfamily	Nimravinae	Trouessart 1885
genus	Eusmilus	Gervais 1876

Scientific Name

Eusmilus Gervais, 1876

Name Published In

Zool. Pal. gén., (2

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Nimravidae	stated without evidence	Gervais, 1876
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Nimravidae	stated with evidence	Cope, 1880
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Machairodontinae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Hoplophoneinae	stated with evidence	Flynn and Galiano, 1982
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Nimravinae	stated with evidence	Bryant, 1991
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Nimravidae	stated without evidence	Martin, 1998
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Nimravinae	stated with evidence	Peigné and Brunet, 2001
Eusmilus	genus	belongs to Nimravinae	stated without evidence	Slater and Van Valkenburgh, 2008

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene

Last Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore

Ecospace Comments

meat group (Van Valkenburgh 1988)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusmilus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Eusmilus bidentatus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		6	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Eusmilus sicarius ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	37.2 Ma Eocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Eusmilus villebramarensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Machairodus bidentatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1876	Eusmilus Gervais
1880	Eusmilus Cope p. 836
1902	Eusmilus Hay p. 778
1963	Ekgmoiteptecela Macdonald
1982	Eusmilus Flynn and Galiano p. 53
1991	Eusmilus Bryant p. 69
1998	Eusmilus Martin
2001	Eusmilus Peigné and Brunet
2003	Eusmilus Peigné
2008	Eusmilus Slater and Van Valkenburgh p. 407

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals

Cope E. D. On the extinct cats of America, The American Naturalist 14 12, 833-858

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Macdonald J. R. (1963) The Miocene faunas from the Wounded Knee area of western South Dakota, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 125 3, 139-238

Flynn J. J., Galiano H. (1982) Phylogeny of early Tertiary Carnivora, with a description of a new species of Protictis from the middle Eocene of northwestern Wyoming, American Museum Novitates 2725, 1-64

Bryant H. N. (1991) Phylogenetic relationships and systematics of the Nimravidae (Carnivora), Journal of Mammalogy 72 1, 56-78

Martin L. D. (1998) Nimravidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 228-235

Peigné S., Brunet M. (2001) Une nouvelle espèce du genre Eusmilus (Carnivora: Nimravidae) de l'Oligocène (MP 22) d'Europe, Geobios 34 6, 657-672

Peigné S. (2003) Systematic review of European Nimravinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Nimravidae) and the phylogenetic relationships of Palaeogene Nimravidae, Zoologica Scripta 32 3, 199-229

Slater G. J., Van Valkenburgh B. (2008) Long in the tooth: evolution of sabertooth cat cranial shape, Paleobiology 34 3, 403-419 doi:dx.doi.org/10.1666/07061.1

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Zool. Pal. gén., (2 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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