| Description | Ichthyornithes is an extinct group of toothed avialans very closely related to the common ancestor of all modern birds. They are known from fossil remains found throughout the late Cretaceous period of North America, though only one species, Ichthyornis dispar, is represented by complete enough fossils to have been named. Ichthyornitheans became extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, along with enantiornitheans, all other non-avian dinosaurs, and many other animal and plant groups.
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| Source Data | |
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| Rank | family |
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| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ichthyornithidae |
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| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ichthyornithiformes : Ichthyornithidae |
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| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
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Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
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| Scientific Name | Ichthyornithidae |
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| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
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| Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Ichthyornithes | stated with evidence | Marsh, 1873 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Ichthyornithes | stated without evidence | Marsh, 1873 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Pteropappi | stated without evidence | Hay, 1902 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Ichthyornithiformes | stated without evidence | Lambrecht, 1933 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Ichthyornithiformes | stated with evidence | Wetmore, 1960 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Pedeticosauridae | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Ichthyornithiformes | stated without evidence | Parris and Echols, 1992 | | Ichthyornithidae | family | belongs to Ichthyornithiformes | stated with evidence | Elzanowski et al., 2001 |
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 1 |
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| Environment | marine (based on Ichthyornithiformes) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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| Diet | carnivore (based on Coelurosauria) |
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| Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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| Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda) |
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| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | O. C. Marsh. 1873. Notice of a new Species of Ichthyornis\r\n. American Journal of Science and Arts 5(1):74 |
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| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyornithidae |
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| Marsh O. C. Notice of a new Species of Ichthyornis\r\n, American Journal of Science and Arts 5 1, 74 |
| Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868 |
| Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024 |
| Wetmore A. (1960) A classification for the birds of the world, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 139 11, 1-37 |
| Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Parris D.C., Echols J. (1992) The Fossil Bird Ichthyornis In The Cretaceous of Texas, The Texas Journal of Science 44 2, 201-212 |
| Tokaryk T. T., Cumbaa S. L., et al (1997) Early Late Cretaceous birds from Saskatchewan, Canada: the oldest diverse avifauna known from North America, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 1, 172-176 |
| Elzanowski A., Paul G. S., et al (2001) An avian quadrate from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 4, 712-719 |
| Livezey B. C., Zusi R. L. (2007) Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 1, 1-95 |
| Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
Ichthyornithidae âśť
