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Atheriniformes

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Description

The Atheriniformes, also known as the silversides, are an order of ray-finned fishes that includes the Old World silversides and several less-familiar families, including the unusual Phallostethidae. The order includes at least 354 species. They are found worldwide in tropical and temperate marine and freshwater environments.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheriniformes, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	496	https://www.gbif.org/species/496
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	35751	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35751

Rank

order

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Atheriniformes

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Atheriniformes

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
-	Teleostei
-	Osteoglossocephalai
-	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
-	Euteleosteomorpha
-	Neoteleostei	Rosen 1973
-	Eurypterygia
-	Ctenosquamata
-	Acanthomorphata
-	Euacanthomorphacea
-	Percomorphaceae
-	Carangimorpharia
-	Ovalentariae
superorder	Atherinomorphae
order	Atheriniformes	Rosen 1966

Common Name

silverside

Scientific Name

Atheriniformes

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Teleostei	stated without evidence	Domning and Clark, 1993
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Osteichthyes	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Acanthopterygii	stated without evidence	Nelson, 2006
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Atherinea	stated without evidence	Long, 2011
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Teleostei	stated without evidence	Fierstine et al., 2012
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Atherinomorphae	stated with evidence	Betancur-R et al., 2013
Atheriniformes	order	belongs to Acanthopterygii	stated without evidence	Bannikov, 2014

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

23 (58%)

First Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Acanthomorphata)

Diet

omnivore (based on Acanthomorphata)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Common Name(s)

Silversides, Silverside, Silversidartade Fiskar, Koornaarvissen, トウゴロウイワシ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheriniformes

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Atherinidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Atherinopsidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Atherionidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Bedotiidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Dentatherinidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Isonidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Melanotaeniidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Mesogasteridae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Notocheiridae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phallostethidae family	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pseudomugilidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Rhamphognathidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Telmatherinidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Chirostoma genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Colpichthys genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Menidia genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Palaeoatherina ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pranesus genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Stenatherina genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1966	Atheriniformes Rosen
1993	Atheriniformes Domning and Clark p. 413
2002	Atheriniformes Sepkoski, Jr.
2006	Atheriniformes Nelson
2011	Atheriniformes Long p. 244
2012	Atheriniformes Fierstine et al. p. 81
2013	Atheriniformes Betancur-R. et al.
2014	Atheriniformes Bannikov p. 26

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Domning D. P., Clark J. M. (1993) Jamaican Tertiary marine Vertebratra, Geological Society of America Memoir 182, 413-415

Nelson J. S. (2006) , Fishes of the world, 4th edition, 1-601

Long J. A. (2011) , The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution (Second Edition), 1-287

Fierstine H. L., Huddleston R. W., et al (2012) Catalog of the Neogene bony fishes of California: A ystematic inventory of all published accounts, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 159, 1-206

Betancur-R. R., Broughton R. E., et al (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes, PLOS Currents Tree of Life doi:10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288

Bannikov A. F. (2014) The systematic composition of the Eocene actinopterygian fish fauna from Monte Bolca, northern Italy, as known to date, Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca, XV - Miscellanea paleontologica 12, 23-34

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa. 3882(1): 1-230. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Dyer, B. S., and B. Chernoff, 1996: Phylogenetic relationships among atheriniform fishes (Teleostei: Atherinomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, vol. 117, no. 1. 1-69. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Alroy, J. (2015) Fossilworks. Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Online: http://fossilworks.org - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Kommittén för svenska djurnamn (2010) Svenska strålfeniga fiskar - Actinopterygii. De svenska namnen fastställda av Kommittén för svenska djurnamn 100319 (korr. 101108 + 101112). excelfil - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Marine Species

Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa. 3882(1): 1-230. - via World Register of Marine Species

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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