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Acrocanthosaurus atokensis âśť

Description

Acrocanthosaurus (ak-ro-KAN-thə-SAWR-əs; meaning "high-spined lizard") is a genus of theropod dinosaur that existed in what is now North America during the Aptian and early Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous. Like most dinosaur genera, Acrocanthosaurus contains only a single species, A. atokensis. Its fossil remains are found mainly in the U.S. states of Oklahoma, Texas, and Wyoming, although teeth attributed to Acrocanthosaurus have been found as far east as Maryland, suggesting a continent wide range.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4967051https://www.gbif.org/species/4967051
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)55482https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=55482
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Carcharodontosauridae : Acrocanthosaurus : Acrocanthosaurus atokensis
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Carcharodontosauridae : Acrocanthosaurus : Acrocanthosaurus atokensis
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
-Carnosauria
superfamilyAllosauroideaCurrie and Zhao 1994
familyCarcharodontosauridaeStromer 1931
genusAcrocanthosaurusStovall and Langston 1950
speciesAcrocanthosaurus atokensisStovall & Langston 1950
Generic NameAcrocanthosaurus
Scientific NameAcrocanthosaurus atokensis Stovall & Langston, 1950
Name Published InStovall, John W. & Wann J. Langston. 1950. Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, a new genus and species of Lower Cretaceous Theropoda from Oklahoma. The American Midland Naturalist 43(3): 696-728.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated without evidenceStovall and Langston, 1950
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated with evidenceMolnar et al., 1990
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated without evidenceBuffetaut et al., 1996
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated with evidenceCurrie and Carpenter, 2000
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated without evidenceFarlow, 2001
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated with evidenceHoltz et al., 2004
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated without evidenceSuñer et al., 2005
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated with evidenceCarrano et al., 2012
Acrocanthosaurus atokensisspeciesbelongs to Acrocanthosaurusstated without evidencePaulina Carabajal and Currie, 2012
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
First Recorded Appearance125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance122 - 112 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Carnosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. W. Stovall and W. Langston, Jr. 1950. Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, a new genus and species of Lower Cretaceous Theropoda from Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist 43(4):686-728
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocanthosaurus_atokensis

Fossil Distribution

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1950Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Stovall and Langston, Jr. p. 686
1970Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Steel p. 38
1970Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Swinton p. 143
1974Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Langston p. 84
1979Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Langston p. 42
1980Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Molnar and Pledge p. 286
1984Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Taquet p. 217
1986Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Gauthier p. 9
1988Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Paul p. 315
1990Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Molnar et al. p. 189
1996Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Buffetaut et al. p. 691
1997Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Vickaryous and Ryan p. 488
1998Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Lipka p. 231
2000Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Currie and Carpenter p. 210 figs. 1-14
2001Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Farlow p. 409
2003Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Rauhut p. 36
YearName and Author
2004Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 75
2005Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Suñer et al. p. 98
2005Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Yates p. 114
2006Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Malkani p. 8
2006Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Weishampel p. 144
2007Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Gishlick and Gauthier p. 577
2007Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Sampson and Witmer p. 33
2009Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Norell et al. p. 49
2009Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Parsons and Parsons p. 721
2010Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Paulina Carabajal and Canale p. 249
2012Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Carrano et al. p. 222
2012Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Paulina Carabajal and Currie p. 86
2015Acrocanthosaurus atokensis White et al. p. 3
2019Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Andrzejewski et al. p. 2
2019Acrocanthosaurus atokensis Senter and Sullivan p. 2

References

Stovall J. W., Langston, Jr. W. (1950) Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, a new genus and species of Lower Cretaceous Theropoda from Oklahoma, American Midland Naturalist 43 4, 686-728
Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87
Swinton W. E. (1970) , The Dinosaurs, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1-331
Langston W. (1974) Nonmammalian Comanchean tetrapods, Aspects of Trinity Division Geology. A Symposium on the Stratigraphy, Sedimentary Environments, and Fauna of the Comanche Cretaceous Trinity Division (Aptian and Albian) of Texas and Northern Mexico. Geoscience and Man 8, 77-102
Langston W. (1979) Lower Cretaceous dinosaur tracks near Glen Rose, Texas, Lower Cretaceous Shallow Marine Environments in the Glen Rose Formation. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Annual Meeting Field Trip Guide 12, 39-55
Molnar R. E., Pledge N. S. (1980) A new theropod dinosaur from South Australia, Alcheringa 4, 281-287
Gauthier J. A. (1986) Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds, The Origin of Birds and the Evolution of Flight, K. Padian (ed.), Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences 8, 1-55
Paul G. S. (1988) , Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. Simon & Schuster, New York, 1-464
Buffetaut E., Suteethorn V., et al (1996) The earliest known tyrannosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand, Nature 381, 689-691 doi:10.1038/381689a0
Lipka T. R. (1998) The affinities of the enigmatic theropods of the Arundel Clay facies (Aptian), Potomac Formation, Atlantic Coastal Plain of Maryland, Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems; New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14, 229-234
Currie P. J., Carpenter K. (2000) A new specimen of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (Theropoda, Dinosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) of Oklahoma, USA, Geodiversitas 22 2, 207-246
Rauhut O. W. M. (2003) The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs, Special Papers in Palaeontology 69, 1-213
Holtz, Jr. T. R., Molnar R. E., et al (2004) Basal Tetanurae, The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 71-110
Suñer M., Santisteban C. d., et al (2005) Nuevos restos de Theropoda del Jurásico superior-Cretácico inferior de la comarca de Los Serranos (Valencia) [New remains of Theropoda from the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous of the Los Serranos region (Valencia)], Revista Española de Paleontología 10, 93-99
Yates A. M. (2005) A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa and its implications for the early evolution of theropods, Palaeontologia Africana 41, 105-122
Malkani M. S. (2006) First rostrum of carnivorous Vitakridrinda (Abelisaurid Theropod Dinosaur) found from the latest Cretaceous Dinosaur Beds (Vitakri) Member of PAB formation, Alam Kali Kakor Locality of Vitakri area, Barkhan District, Balochistan, Pakistan, Sindh University Research Journal (Science Series) 38 2, 7-26
Weishampel D. B. (2006) Another look at the dinosaurs of the East Coast of North America, III Jornadas Internacionales sobre PaleontologĂ­a de Dinosaurios y su Entorno, Salas de los Infantes, Burgos, Spain. Colectivo ArqueolĂłgico-PaleontolĂłgico Salense Actas, 129-168
Gishlick A. D., Gauthier J. A. (2007) On the manual morphology of Compsognathus longipes and its bearing on the diagnosis of Compsognathidae, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149, 569-581
Norell M. A., Makovicky P. J., et al (2009) A review of the Mongolian Cretaceous dinosaur Saurornithoides (Troodontidae: Theropoda), American Museum Novitates 3654, 1-63
Parsons W. L., Parsons K. M. (2009) A new ankylosaur (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Cloverly Formation of central Montana, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 46, 721-738 doi:10.1139/E09-45
Carrano M. T., Benson R. B. J., et al (2012) The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10 2, 211-300 doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.630927
Andrzejewski K. A., Winkler D. A., et al (2019) A new basal ornithopod (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Cretaceous of Texas, PLoS One 14 3, e0207935:1-44 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207935
J. W. Stovall, W. Langston, Jr. (1950) Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, a new genus and species of Lower Cretaceous Theropoda from Oklahoma: American Midland Naturalist 4: 686--728 - via Catalogue of Life
M. T. Carrano, R. B. J. Benson, S. D. Sampson (2012) The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda): Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2: 211--300 (10.1080/14772019.2011.630927) - via Catalogue of Life
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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